The effect of incubation temperature and growth media on index microbial fungi of indoor air in a hospital building in Shiraz, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 101294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Abbasi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Samaei ◽  
Zahra Manoochehri ◽  
Mahrokh Jalili ◽  
Ebrahim Yazdani
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Hospital Building ◽  
Temperature And Growth

scholarly journals EXPLORATION OF BROTH CHICKEN GUT AS GROWTH MEDIA OF Escherichia coli BL21 pET-Endo FOR ENDO-Β-1,4-D-XYLANASE PRODUCTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Istri Ratnadewi ◽  
Moch. Yoris Alidion ◽  
Agung Budi Santoso ◽  
Ika Oktavianawatia
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
E Coli

<p>Endo-β-1,4-D-xylanase is a hydrolytic enzyme that breakdown the 1.4 chain of xylan polysaccharide. We have succes to transform the plasmid pET-Endo gene encoding endo-1,4-β-D-xylanase from Bacillus sp. originally from termites abdominal to E. coli BL21. The clone was ready for large scale of enzyme production. To reduce production cost, we look for subtitute media for the expensive Luria Berthani broth. Chicken guts broth is good alternative while rich of protein and very cheap. The content of N dissolved chicken guts broth reaches 87 % of LB broth. Growth of E. Coli BL21 in Chicken guts broth and LB broth (as control) was observed by Optical Density (OD) using spectrofotometer. Concentration of glucose added in broth and incubation temperature was varied. The result showed that optimal growth was in addition of 1.5 % glucose and incubated at  37 <sup>o</sup>C for 16 h. This optimal condition was used to grow E. coli BL21 pET-Endo for xylanase production. Enzyme purification was done by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Highest protein yield was 0.076 mg/mL obtained in 100 mM imidazole elucidation. The activity and specific activity of xylanase were estimated as 0.042 U/mL and 0.556 U/µg, respectively. The purification factor was 3.16 time and the molecular weight of enzyme was ± 30, 000 Dalton</p>

scholarly journals The Monitoring of Fungal Contamination in Indoor Air of Two Hospitals in Shiraz

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Abbasi ◽  
Mahrokh Jalili ◽  
Mohammad Reza Samaei ◽  
Ali Mohammad Mokhtari ◽  
Elahe Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Air Contamination

Introduction: Hospitals, as one of the important elements in the health system, play an important role in patient’s health. Fungi are one of the effective parameters on indoor air quality. This study aimed to compare of fungal contamination of two hospitals in Shiraz City. Materials and Methods: Sampling was conducted based on NIOSH 0800 standard (1.5 meters above the ground level with one stage Anderson and Sabaroud dextrose agar enriched chloramphenicol as the growth media) in January-September 2017. The investigated wards included pathological laboratory, emergency rooms, neonatal specialist care, radiology, operating room, and maternity ward. The results showed that the variation and concentration of fungi were higher in hospital X than hospital Y, which was located in an agricultural area far from the city center. Results: The predominant fungi were Monillia, Aspergillus, and Penicillium in hospital Y, while they were Aspergillus and Penicillium in hospital X. The highest concentrations were found in emergency and laboratory wards. With regard to higher fungal contamination of hospital X and its different location, it can be concluded that the geographical properties and outdoor air are effective factors on indoor air contamination at hospitals.   Conclusion: Appropriate management of patients' admission and visiting time can be effective on indoor air contamination at hospitals. Furthermore, efficient ventilation using high-efficiency particulate air and appropriate devices for elimination of fungi level are recommended to this end. Moreover, these parameters can provide physical and psychometric health problems for patients’ careers and other health workers.

scholarly journals Removal of contaminants in indoor air by using green plant treated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Fikry salama ◽  
Mubashir Zafar Zafar
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Novel Approach

Abstract Background: Indoor air pollution is important environmental health problem. Nanotechnology is one of the most important methods to reduce the air pollution. The aim of this study to determine the effectiveness of nanotechnology for removal of toxic air indoor pollution by using Saudi myrtle plants treated with titanium dioxide. Methods: Experiments were conducted in the two academic departments of labs at public sector universities. Aplying titanium dioxide-containing growth media to at least one of a Myrtus communis plant root, stem, and leaf. Growing the plant in the growth media, a gel growth media, or both; exposing the plant to contaminant-containing air Results: It is found that the levels of formaldehyde, Volatile organic compounds and other pollutants were significantly reduced the concentration from 10% to 98% in air. The duration of the intervention from 4 hours to 8 hours, Air containing the concentration of NO2 SO2, formaldehyde, TVOCs and CO reduced from range of 0.3 ppm- 0.4ppm to range of 0.1ppm -0.3 ppm after exposure of Myrtus plant to ambient air and duration of the exposure is 4 hours to 8 hours. Conclusion: Application of Tio2 in green plant specially Mytrus Communis is a novel approach for reduction of concentrations of harmful gaseous toxic and carcinogenic air pollutants in indoor environment.

Microbial quality assessment of indoor air in a large hospital building during winter and spring seasons

2018 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 68-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Asif ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan ◽  
Imran Hashmi ◽  
Uzma Zahid ◽  
Muhammad Faraz Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Large Hospital ◽  
Hospital Building

Influence of Cultural Conditions on Cytotoxin Production by Salmonella enteritidis

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
RATIH DEWANTI ◽  
MICHAEL P. DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Early Stationary Phase ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Optimal Ph

The ability of Salmonella enteritidis strain 11013 to produce cytotoxic activity against Vero cells was determined under different cultural conditions. The toxin, which was not neutralizable with antiserum to Shiga toxin or Escherichia coli verotoxin-1 or verotoxin-2, was principally cell-associated and was produced primarily during the early stationary phase of growth. Trypticase soy broth was the best of three media evaluated for toxin production. Bacteria produced toxin in the range of pH 4.5 to 8.0 and at 12 to 42°C, with the optimal pH and temperature for toxin production at pH 7.0 and 37°C, respectively. Release of cellular cytotoxin into growth media was induced by growing salmonellae at extremes of pH (4.5 or 8.0) or at high incubation temperature (42°C). The Vero cell CD50 of S. enteritidis lysates of cells grown under optimal conditions was a titer of 150 ± 50 per mg of lysate protein. Although the significance of ingesting preformed Salmonella cytotoxin in human disease is unknown, it can be implied from these results that toxin would not be produced in foods held refrigerated at ≤7°C or acidified at ≤pH 4.0.

Isoniazid metabolism and binding by sensitive and resistant strains of Mycobacterium smegmatis

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fishbain ◽  
George Ling ◽  
Donn J. Kushner
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Isonicotinic Acid ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Inhibitor Of Protein Synthesis ◽  
Resistant Cells

Suspensions of Mycobacterium smegmatis in buffer broke down isoniazid (INH) after a lag period and produced equivalent amounts of isonicotinic acid (INA). Smaller amounts of hydrazine were formed. If chloramphenicol (CAP) was added at the beginning of the incubation, INH did not disappear nor did INA or hydrazine appear. However, if CAP was added after INH had started to disappear, the fall in INH and the appearance of INA were the same as in the absence of CAP, and more hydrazine was formed. Sensitive and resistant cells caused similar reactions, except that the former produced somewhat more hydrazine. These results, and others with toluene-treated cells, suggest that INH is broken down by at least two induced enzymes, one of which splits INH to INA and hydrazine, and a second enzyme(s) which changes hydrazine to an unknown product. Lowering the incubation temperature slowed metabolic changes. Glycerol increased the rate of INH breakdown. Cyanide and azide inhibited breakdown. Azide had a much greater effect on INH-sensitive than on INH-resistant cells. Sensitive cells bound about twice as much radioactivity from 14C-labeled INH as resistant cells. Effects of temperature, metabolites, and inhibitors on binding were also studied. These experiments show that INH does not act as an inhibitor of protein synthesis or mRNA synthesis in sensitive cells and that resistant cells are permeable to INH, even though they bind less of the drug than sensitive cells.Isoniazid-sensitive and resistant strains were about equally susceptible to the growth-inhibitory action of hydrazine and hydroxylamine. Neither was inhibited by INA. During incubation of sensitive cells with INH in growth media very small amounts of hydrazine were formed, insufficient to inhibit growth. Resistant cells grew in the presence of INH without destroying significant amounts of it. Apparently INH itself, and not a metabolic product, is the inhibitory substance. Resistance does not depend on INH destruction.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pH dan Suhu terhadap Aktivitas Pereduksi Merkuri Bakteri Resisten Merkuri Tinggi Bacillus cereus yang Diisolasi dari Urin Pasien dengan Amalgam Gigi

e-GIGI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy J. Kepel ◽  
Widdhi Bodhi ◽  
. Fatimawali
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Mercury Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Mercury Compounds ◽  
Reducing Activity ◽  
Mercury Detoxification ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Mercury Resistant Bacteria

Abstract: Mercury is a very toxic compound to humans, therefore, a method to overcome its presence in the environment is required. Detoxification of mercury can be done by using mercury resistant bacteria. Mercury-resistant bacteria Bacillus cereus isolate FUA have been obtained from the urine of patients with dental mercury amalgam. This study was aimed to determine the mercury detoxification activity of Bacillus cereus isolate FUA at varying pH medium and incubation temperature. The study was carried out by growing Bacillus cereus isolate FUA on oblique media, then were planted in the growth media of LB broth containing mercury compounds of 10 ppm HgCl2 with varying pHs of 5, 7, and 9 and incubation temperatures of 15, 25 and 35oC. The amount of bacterial growth was analyzed by using spectrophotometer and mercury levels were analyzed by using CV-AAS method. The results showed that the growth and mercury reducing activity of Bacillus cereus isolate FUA were optimum at pH 7 and incubation temperature of 35oC. In conclusion, the growth of Bacillus cereus isolate FUA and its mercury reducing activity were optimum at pH 7 and temperature of 35oC. It is expected that the results of this study can be the basis for further research on the process of mercury detoxificationKeywords: Bacillus cereus, urine, mercury resistance, pH, temperature Abstrak: Merkuri adalah senyawa yang sangat beracun bagi manusia sehingga diperlukan metode untuk mengatasi keberadaannya di lingkungan. Detoksifikasi merkuri dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan bakteri resisten merkuri. Bakteri yang resisten merkuri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA telah diperoleh dari urin pasien dengan amalgam gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas detoksifikasi merkuri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA pada berbagai variasi pH medium dan suhu inkubasi. Bakteri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA ditumbuhkan pada media miring, kemudian ditanam pada media pertumbuhan bakteri LB broth yang mengandung senyawa merkuri 10 ppm HgCl2 dengan berbagai pH 5, 7 dan 9 dan suhu inkubasi 15, 25 dan 35oC. Jumlah pertumbuhan bakteri dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer dan kadar merkuri dianalisis menggunakan metode CV-AAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pertumbuhan dan aktivitas pereduksi merkuri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA optimum pada lingkungan pertumbuhan dengan pH 7 dan suhu inkubasi 35oC. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah aktivitas pertumbuhan dan pereduksi merkuri Bacillus cereus isolat FUA yang optimum pada pH 7 dan suhu 35oC. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk penelitian lebih lanjut tentang proses detoksifikasi merkuri.Kata kunci: Bacillus cereus, urin, resistensi merkuri, pH, suhu

Diagnosis of a chronic vaginitis: Characterization of Candida albicans and in vitro antagonistic activities of vaginal Lactobacillus

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Bechelaghem Nadia ◽  
Djibaoui Rachid ◽  
Ettalhi Mehdi ◽  
Arabi Abed
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Vaginal Lactobacilli ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Temperature And Growth

  Long-term use of antibiotics, in the treatment of vaginal infection can lead to Candida overgrowth. The motive of the present study was real case of a woman with chronic vaginitis. During ten years, the patient was subjected to a treatment with antibiotics such as gentamycin and lincomycin. Following remarks of a gynecologist, the complicated infection showed like yeast vaginitis symptoms. Consequently we isolated the germ from a vaginal swab sample taken from the patient, and then it was identified phenotypically and belonged to Candida albicans. Our study was followed by examination of the effects of pH, temperature and growth media on the morphogenesis of the isolated C. albicans. The results showed that pH 7.4, temperature at 37 °C and glucose free medium were optimal conditions for filamentation. In order to study the antagonistic effect of vaginal lactobacilli against C. albicans, we used 23 Lactobacilli isolated from several healthy women. The results showed that all isolates had an inhibitory effect against C. albicans with a maximal zone of 25.67 ± 0.58 mm obtained by the isolate L17.

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