Associations between surgically-induced changes in knee loading and biochemical markers of knee inflammation

In rodents, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) decreases intake of, and preference for, foods or fluids that are high in sugar. Whether these surgically induced changes are due to decreases in the palatability of sugar stimuli is controversial. We used RYGB and sham-operated (SHAM) female rats to test the influence of prolonged ingestive experience with sugar solutions on the motivational potency of these stimuli to drive licking in brief-access (BA) tests. In experiment 1, RYGB attenuated intake of, and caloric preference for, 0.3 M sucrose during five consecutive, 46-h two-bottle tests (TBTs; sucrose). A second series of TBTs (5 consecutive, 46-h tests) with 1.0 M sucrose revealed similar results, except fluid preference for 1.0 M sucrose also significantly decreased. Before, between, and after the two series of TBTs, two sessions of BA tests (30 min; 10-s trials) with an array of sucrose concentrations (0 and 0.01–1.0 M) were conducted. Concentration-dependent licking and overall trial initiation did not differ between surgical groups in any test. In a similar experimental design in a second cohort of female rats, 0.6 and 2.0 M glucose (isocaloric with sucrose concentrations in experiment 1) were used in the TBTs; 0 and 0.06-2.0 M glucose were used in the BA tests. Outcomes were similar to those for experiment 1, except RYGB rats initiated fewer trials during the BA tests. Although RYGB profoundly affected intake of, and caloric preference for, sugar solutions and, with high concentrations, fluid preference, RYGB never influenced the motivational potency of sucrose or glucose to drive concentration-dependent licking in BA tests.

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Comparison between the change in total corneal astigmatism and actual change in refractive astigmatism in transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK), laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FsLASIK)

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/11206721211059327 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212110593

Author(s):

Maja Bohac ◽

Alma Biscevic ◽

Violeta Shijakova ◽

Ivan Gabric ◽

Kresimir Gabric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corneal Astigmatism ◽

Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Actual Change ◽

The Difference ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Surgically Induced ◽

Refraction Data ◽

Total Corneal Astigmatism

Purpose To compare changes in astigmatism by refraction and total corneal astigmatism after tPRK, LASIK and FsLASIK. Setting Specialty Eye Hospital Svjetlost, Zagreb, Croatia. Design Partially masked, semi-randomized, prospective, case-by-case, interventional, clinical study. Methods Patients with a stable refraction (-0.75DS to −8.00DS, astigmatism ≤1.00DC) underwent tPRK, LASIK or FsLASIK without complication. Astigmatism was measured at both corneal surfaces over the central 3.2 mm zone (approximately using Pentacam HRTM) preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Pentacam and refraction data were subjected to vector analysis to calculate the surgically induced changes in i) total corneal astigmatism (SIATCA) ii) any astigmatism by refraction (SIAR) and the vectorial difference (DV) between SIATCA and SIAR. Results Reporting key findings (p < .01), there was a significant difference between mean SIATCA and SIAR powers after tPRK (75eyes) but not after LASIK (100eyes) or FsLASIK (100eyes). Mean (±sd,95% CIs) values for DV powers were, tPRK −1.13DC(±0.71, −1.29 to −0.97), LASIK −0.39DC(±0.23,-0.44 to −0.34), FsLASIK −0.55DC(±0.38,-0.62 to −0.47). The differences were significant. For the tPRK and FsLASIK cases, linear regression revealed significant associations between I) SIATCA (x) &DV (z) powers (tPRK z = 1.586x-0.179, r = 0.767, p < .01; FsLASIK z = 0.442x-0.303, r = .484,p < .01), II) sines of SIATCA (x1) &DV (z1) axes (tPRK, z1 = 0.523 × 1 + 0.394, r = .650,p < .01; FsLASIK z1 = 0.460 × 1-0.308, r = .465,p < .01). Conclusions tPRK is more prone to unintended changes in astigmatism. The difference between SIATCA & SIAR after tPRK or FsLASIK is mediated by SIATCA. Photoablating deeper regions of the cornea reduces the gap between SIATCA & SIAR.

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Fracture-induced changes in bone turnover: a potential confounder in the use of biochemical markers in osteoporosis

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism ◽

10.1007/s00774-004-0537-8 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 30-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Kristina �kesson ◽

Sanna-Maria K�k�nen ◽

Per Olof Josefsson ◽

Magnus K. Karlsson ◽

Karl J. Obrant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Turnover ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Potential Confounder ◽

Induced Changes

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Mechanisms of surgically induced changes in left ventricular performance in patients with valvular heart disease

The American Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/0002-9149(82)92365-7 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 989 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joel Strom ◽

Daryll Shore ◽

Yasu Oka ◽

Masayuki Matsumoto ◽

William Frishman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Valvular Heart Disease ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Left Ventricular Performance ◽

Ventricular Performance ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Surgically Induced

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Different effects of estradiol and various antiestrogens on TNF-α-induced changes of biochemical markers for growth and invasion of human breast cancer cells

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2005.07.042 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 78 (13) ◽

pp. 1464-1468 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

H. Seeger ◽

D. Wallwiener ◽

A.O. Mueck

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Human Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Human Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Human Breast ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Induced Changes

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Correlations between resistance training-induced changes on phase angle and biochemical markers in older women

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports ◽

10.1111/sms.13232 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 2173-2182 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. M. Tomeleri ◽

A. S. Ribeiro ◽

C. R. Cavaglieri ◽

R. Deminice ◽

B. J. Schoenfeld ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Older Women ◽

Phase Angle ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Induced Changes

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Interactions between optic fibres controlling the locations of their terminals in the goldfish optic tectum

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.52.1.89 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 89-103

Author(s):

Jeremy E. Cook

Keyword(s):

Optic Tectum ◽

Time Course ◽

Direct Result ◽

Nerve Section ◽

Regeneration Period ◽

Fourth Series ◽

Visual Projection ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Surgically Induced ◽

Subsequent Regeneration

Removal of the caudal half of a goldfish optic tectum induces optic fibres from the entire contralateral retina to terminate retinotopically within the remaining half. This compression has been viewed by some as the result of competition between the fibres and by others as aconsequence of changes, induced by the surgery, in tectal labels guiding fibres to terminal sites. To distinguish between these possibilities, the time-course of compression has been measured by electrophysiological mapping of the visual projection. In some fish, fibres terminating in the rostral half-tectum remained intact when the caudal half was removed. In others, the optic nerve was cut at the time of tectal surgery: even after its regeneration into a half-tectum, optic terminals were first detected in the regions they normally occupy. The subsequent reorganization was gradual and retinotopic order was maintained. However, it was slower where some fibres had never been cut. In a third series the nerve was cut 18 days before the tectal halving to reveal any dependence of compression on progressive changes in the halved tectum; but its time-course from nerve section was found to be independent of the time within the regeneration period at which the tectum was halved. In a fourth series the nerve was cut at the time of tectal halving and then cut again after 85–97 days when compression was complete to reveal any permanent change in the halved tectum. No change was evident: the previous compression did not preclude subsequent regeneration of an uncompressed projection and its gradual recompression as before. In a fifth series, repeated crushing of fibres normally ending in the missing caudal tectumtemporarily prevented compression among the remainder, while crushing of fibres destined for rostral tectum caused transposition of the remaining projection to the rostral half. Surgically induced changes in the labels which are thought to guide growing fibres totheir normal tectal regions do not account for these results. Indeed, this guidance persists unchanged for fibres regenerating a second time after compression. Since compression is delayed while certain fibres are withheld, it appears instead to be the direct result of competition between the fibres. The maintenance of retinotopic order in compression, despite unchanged tectal guidance, may require selective interactions between fibresfrom different retinal regions which could contribute to the refinement of the normal visual projection.

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