The role of the State in the internationalization of Latin American firms

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Finchelstein
2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Richard M. Morse

This introductory paper examines some of the main questions raised by the papers presented to the urbanization symposium in Vancouver. Comparisons between the Latin American urban experience and that of the United States and Canada revealed basic contrasts in spite of some broad hemispheric similarities. Differences were particularly apparent in the residual influence of native society on later European settlement, in the role of the state versus private commerce in growth and development, and in the differing class structures.


2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Nef

If the crisis of the state has been a common trait in Latin America, its manifestations have not been the same throughout the continent. This article examines two general and apparently contraditory trends : the trend toward authoritarian capitalism resulting from the crisis of hegemony in South America and the trend towards popularly-based insurgency resulting from a crisis of domination in most of Central America. The author bases his general interpretation of these trends on the analysis of the historical and structural relationships between four factors identified as responsible for the drastic change in the role of the state, from "national development" to "national security" : the crisis in the model of accumulation, the growing polarization of political alliance, the transnationalization of the civil society and the state, and the interplay between relative autonomy of the state and transnationalization. He finds that the combination of transnational integration of the Latin American elites into one U.S.-centered project with hegemonic pretensions, and a growing marginalization and alienation on the part of the bulk of the internal constituencies has brought about an acute crisis of both legitimation and domination. As violence becomes the most common political currency -with repression and plain state terrorism evolving into a distinct style of politics - and the prospects towards redemocratization being very fragile, the author concludes that revolutionary struggles may be the only possibility for an indigenous redefinition of development, national self-determination and democracy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (80) ◽  
pp. 445-469
Author(s):  
Emilia Ormaechea ◽  
Víctor Ramiro Fernández

This paper analyses the continuities and discontinuities regarding the concept of structural change in Latin American structuralism and neo-structuralism and considers the global context in which these ideas and their variations are produced. In this sense, the transformations of capitalism from 1950 onwards are taken into account as are the diagnoses and strategies promoted by the ECLAC to ultimately achieve structural change through structuralism and neo-structuralism. How the role of the state is conceived in each of these contexts and the consequences derived from state intervention to promote the structural change are also analysed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Encinas ◽  
Carlos Marmolejo-Duarte ◽  
Elizabeth Wagemann ◽  
Carlos Aguirre

This article analyses how energy efficiency regulatory frameworks have been developed in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Chile, within a context of developing countries, and it discusses if this context has been able to influence a culture of buildings’ energy efficiency in consumers. An online survey was applied to consumers who wanted to buy a house, aiming to understand their position regarding sustainability, and the role of the state versus the individual role, among other issues. The aim of the study is to identify consumer’s perception of energy efficiency and sustainability to promote a future research agenda in the Latin American context. In general, consumers value sustainability, except when they are presented in opposition to economic growth and social protection. However, it is possible to identify differences between Chile, with an established neoliberal economy, and countries that have economies in transition. Indeed, Argentina and Brazil show differences in terms of the role of the State, or the thermal comfort, which is considered a matter of habits rather than a mere technological problem. For driving more sustainable behaviours, consumers should be engaged in the implementation of these standards, creating a twofold process including homebuyers on one hand and mandatory requirements on the other.


2014 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Guillermo Alfredo Johnson ◽  
Marcos Antônio da Silva

O artigo aponta que uma das questões vinculadas à inserção dos países latino-americanos no sistema mundial interfere significativamente na reprodução do capital e, ao mesmo tempo, ergue-se em um dos principais aspectos da intensidade dos movimentos sociais: o caráter persistentemente extrativista das nossas economias. Nesta senda, aatuação do Estado, com viés desenvolvimentista pautado pelo financiamento e fortalecimento do setor privado, tem favorecido o agronegócio (freando a reforma agrária e as reivindicações dos quilombolas e indígenas), executando uma agenda de ampliação da infraestrutura (portos, hidrelétricas, estradas e políticas energéticas, para citar alguns) e facilitado à extração de minérios ao sul do Rio Bravo. Dimensões desses elementos têm provocado a reação das populações desde os lugarejos mais recônditos da Nossa América, com mobilizações populares, frequentemente isoladas pelos meios de comunicação de massas, e com o desmonte da virulência daqueles mais consolidados (como o MST no caso brasileiro). Ao mesmo tempo, no caso das grandes obras de infraestrutura, registra-se a proteção estatal ao regime precário de trabalho, com vistas a privilegiar esses setores estratégicos para o grande capital. Tendo em vista a dispersão geográfica desses movimentos sociais, assim como a desarticulação que se observa daqueles que não pouco tempo atrás se confrontavam com as políticas estatais, torna-se necessário pensar as possibilidades de unificação dessa diversidade de reivindicações aliadas às demandas dos trabalhadores.Palavras-chave: Estado, extrativismo, movimentos sociais.THE LATIN AMERICAN EXTRACTIVE “VOCATION” AND THE SOCIAL MOVEMENTSAbstract: The article points that one of the issues related to the integration of Latin American countries in the world system significantly interferes with the reproduction of capital and, at the same time, rise up in one of the main aspects of the intensity of social movements: the character of our economies persistently extractive. In this vein, the role of the State, with a bias guided by a development ruled in funding and strengthening the private sector, has consistently favored agribusiness (braking the agrarian reform and the demands of the quilombolas and indigenous people), performing an agenda for expansion of infrastructure (ports, hydroelectric plants, roads and energy policies, to name a few) and facilitated the extraction of ores from south of the Rio Bravo. The extent of these elements has triggered the reaction of the people from the most remote villages of Our America, with popular mobilizations, often isolated by mass communication, and with the dismantling of virulence of those more established (as in the Brazilian MST ). At the same time, in the case oflarge infrastructure projects, it was possible to observe the state protection for precarious work arrangements, in order to privilege these strategic sectors for great capital. In view of the geographic dispersion of these social movements, as well as the disarticulation is observed among those that recently clashed with state policies, it is necessary to consider thepossibilities of unifying this diversity of claims allied with the demands of the workers.Keywords: State, extractivism, social movements.


2003 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina ◽  
I. Leonov

The article is devoted to the analysis of the changes in economic and legal context for commercial application of intellectual property created under federal budgetary financing. Special attention is given to the role of the state and to comparison of key elements of mechanisms for commercial application of intellectual property that are currently under implementation in Russia and in the West. A number of practical suggestions are presented aimed at improving government stimuli to commercialization of intellectual property created at budgetary expense.


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