Transit-oriented development with urban sprawl? Four phases of urban growth and policy intervention in Tokyo

Urban sprawl is a global phenomenon in the contemporary era. It is mostly taking place in the less developed countries due to natural increase and consistent movement of people into the mega cities and large urban centers. The phenomenon has globally gained attention from diverse researchers in the field of urban geography, environmental studies, city and region planning in view of its significant influence on the urban environment. However, the effect of sprawl on urban livability and economy in Nigerian cities is scarcely investigated especially in Northern Nigeria. This research explores the social and economic effects of urban sprawl in Kaduna metropolis. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) Technologies were applied for the analysis. The study found that Kaduna metropolis has experienced a progressive increase in the built-up area; in 2006 it had an aerial coverage of 13,980 hectares, a rise of 107.91% from 2001 aerial coverage of 6724 hectares. In 2012, the city had an aerial coverage of 15,808 hectares, an increase of 13.08% from 2006. Conversely, there has been a remarkable decrease in percentage of vegetation (1,458 hectares) and agricultural (11,739 hectares) land areas. In turn, such changes has adversely affected urban facilities or utilities such as pipe-borne water, electricity, health facilities, schools, security, transportation, wastewater infrastructures and fire safety services, which has become overstressed. Economic crisis has manifested in the rise of unemployment and escalating number of urban poor. Residential land use has encroached into open spaces while commercial activities overrun residential areas. Increase in distance and journey time make travel cost unbearable to the common man. These and social fragmentation retard livability in the city. Thus calls for a balance sustainable development in Kaduna metropolis and effective management of urban growth by the Kaduna Capital Development Board Authority. In due course, smart growth policy, growth management, urban containment, effective land use planning and public facility adequacy have been recommended to foster viable urban growth in Kaduna city and elsewhere.

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Contesting the greening of the urban growth machine: Ecological modernization and the promethean counter-discourse

Environment and Planning E Nature and Space ◽

10.1177/2514848620952326 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 251484862095232

Author(s):

Emiliano Scanu ◽

Geneviève Cloutier ◽

Catherine Trudelle

Keyword(s):

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Environmental Governance ◽

Ecological Modernization ◽

Quebec City ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Transit System ◽

Growth Machine ◽

Better Than

Urban environmental governance and planning are increasingly characterized by the adoption of “sustainability fixes,” namely political compromises which try to conciliate economic and ecological goals in order to safeguard long-term growth. If sustainability fixes have been harshly criticized for being sociospatially selective, resistance to them does not always come from radical groups who demand stronger and fairer measures, but from actors who oppose the idea of sustainability because it goes against their interests, habits, or values. This paper focuses on this “contestation of the greening of the urban growth machine,” by presenting an empirical study of a sustainable mobility policy in Quebec City, Canada, which has given rise to a controversy opposing two divergent perspectives. The first is an ecological modernization discourse advocating for a green and attractive public transit system. The second is a promethean counter-discourse which supports the unconditional growth of automobility and urban sprawl. Results show that even if urban environmental policies are increasingly attuned to the “growth first” logic, they could still face strong opposition, especially from suburban and conservative interests. More generally, this paper shows that, in some contexts, sustainability fixes could be a “better than nothing” solution, namely a step toward fairer and greener cities.

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Urban Growth Management: Approaches, Experiences and Implications to China’s Urban Planning

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.6725 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 243-249 ◽

pp. 6725-6728

Author(s):

Zhen Long Zhang

Keyword(s):

Urban Planning ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Growth Management ◽

Land Resources ◽

The Past ◽

The World ◽

Management Approaches ◽

Urban Growth Management ◽

Made In

Chinese cities expanded and developed at an astounding rate of growth during the past three decades. The consequence rise in exorbitant consumption of land resources and the impacts on the environment were recognized accordantly. Urban growth management, as one of the effective approaches to solve the problems caused by urban sprawl, has become a subject for broad discussion in the field of urban planning in the world. It is necessary to shape a union framework of growth management between national and local government. And it is recognized that these urban growth management decisions must be made in a more comprehensive and consistent intergovernmental manner. The purpose of this study is to contribute to current planning thought and practice by providing some insights into how urban growth management can be utilized to contribute to a more sustainable urban future in China.

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Implementation of Transit Oriented Development in Handling Congestion Effect on Urban Sprawl Phenomenon and Traffic Growth in Banda Aceh

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/434/1/012200 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 434 ◽

pp. 012200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N Fadhly ◽

R Matondang

Keyword(s):

Urban Sprawl ◽

Transit Oriented Development ◽

Traffic Growth ◽

Congestion Effect ◽

Banda Aceh

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Urban Sprawl Modeling using RS and GIS Technique in Kirtipur Municipality

Journal on Geoinformatics, Nepal ◽

10.3126/njg.v12i0.9073 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 50-56

Author(s):

Bikash Kumar Karna ◽

Umesh Kumar Mandal ◽

Ashutosh Bhardwaj

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Large Scale ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Urban Land Use ◽

Remotely Sensed Data ◽

Rs And Gis ◽

Trend Pattern ◽

Gis Technique

Urban sprawl refers to the urbanization extent, which is mainly caused by population growth and large scale migration and it is a global phenomenon. In developing countries like Nepal, where the population growth and internal migration rate in urban area is high, it has posed serious implication on the resources of the region. Effective and efficient infrastructure planning of an urban environment require information related to the rate of urban growth along with its trend, pattern and extent of urban sprawl. The pattern and extent of urban sprawl is identified and modeled using remotely sensed data along with collateral data. RS and GIS are used to analyze and interpret the urban land use changes. Cellular Automate Markov (CA-Markov) process is used to urban sprawl modeling to identify possible pattern of sprawl and subsequently predict the nature of future sprawl Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics -12, 2070 (2013AD): 50-56

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URBAN GROWTH EXTERNALITIES AND NEIGHBORHOOD INCENTIVES: ANOTHER CAUSE OF URBAN SPRAWL?*

Journal of Regional Science ◽

10.1111/jors.12008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 332-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Matthias Cinyabuguma ◽

Virginia McConnell

Keyword(s):

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth

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URBAN SPRAWL PATTERN AND EFFECTIVE FACTORS ON THEM: THE CASE OF URMIA CITY, IRAN

Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis ◽

10.37043/jura.2012.4.1.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jamal MOHAMMADI ◽

Asghar ZARABI ◽

Omid MOBARAK

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Large Scale ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Uses ◽

Effective Factors ◽

Substitution Process ◽

Urban Contexts ◽

The City

Urban sprawl has become a remarkable characteristic of urban development worldwide in the last decades. Urban sprawl refers to the extent of urbanization, which is a global phenomenon mainly driven by population growth and large scale migration. In developing countries like Iran, urban sprawl is taking its toll on the natural resources at an alarming pace. The purpose of this paper is to study urban growth and effective factors on them in the city of Urmia, Iran. We used quantitive data of the study area from the period between 1989 and 2007, and population censuses of Urmia. To measure the model of urban growth, Holderness and Shannon’s entropy were employed. The Urmia case is interesting for several reasons: first, it is a case of very fast urban growth even for a developing country; second, it illustrates how the fastest rates of urban sprawl may correspond to middle size cities rather than to large centers. Third, it portrays a land substitution process in which agricultural land is not the primary provider of urban land which is relatively rare in urban contexts, and fourth, it also illustrates how urban sprawl may also hide important internal land uses such as the presence of agricultural plots within urban boundaries.

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Modeling Urban Growth and Land Use Transition Using SLEUTH Model: The Case of Dilla City, Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-129793/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanit Mekonnen ◽

Abel Hailu

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Development ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Input Image ◽

Urban Transport ◽

Growth Trend ◽

Land Use Transition ◽

Sleuth Model

Abstract Urban growth / urban sprawl are the extension of a residential region into the surrounding area. The negative face of urban development is urban sprawl, criticizing the cause of environmental deterioration, growing inequality and diminishing the viability of aesthetic and urban areas. An effective and efficient planning of urban development and changes in land use and its effects on the environment needs, among other important details, details on development trends and patterns. Over the years, several models of urban growth have been developed and used to predict trends of growth. SLEUTH models are used to simulate and predict urban growth and land use transition for 2020-2050 in the City of Dilla (Ethiopia) in the analysis of Geographic Information System (GIS). The word SLEUTH was derived from the model's input image specifications: slope, land cover, exclusion, urban, transport, and Hill shade. Input data preparation used a cumulative time series dataset of 30 years, i.e. 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019, such as historical topographical maps and satellite imagery. The SLEUTH model uses the parameters of the best fit growth rule by narrowing coefficients in the calibration mode and passing them down to forecast potential urban growth trends, creating different probability maps and LULC maps. The models generated future urban growth pattern predicted in the 31 years' from 2019, there will be nearly 41.14% urban rise in 2020, 52.95% in 2030, 59.91% in 2040 and 64.30% in 2050. In general, the extension of the urban growth trend introduces new spreading centers that are indicative of urban growth.

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Dynamics and forecasting of population growth and urban expansion in Srinagar City – A Geospatial Approach

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-709-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol XL-8 ◽

pp. 709-716 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. Farooq ◽

M. Muslim

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Geographical Information Systems ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Srinagar City

The urban areas of developing countries are densely populated and need the use of sophisticated monitoring systems, such as remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS). The urban sprawl of a city is best understood by studying the dynamics of LULC change which can be easily generated by using sequential satellite images, required for the prediction of urban growth. Multivariate statistical techniques and regression models have been used to establish the relationship between the urban growth and its causative factors and for forecast of the population growth and urban expansion. In Srinagar city, one of the fastest growing metropolitan cities situated in Jammu and Kashmir State of India, sprawl is taking its toll on the natural resources at an alarming pace. The present study was carried over a period of 40 years (1971–2011), to understand the dynamics of spatial and temporal variability of urban sprawl. The results reveal that built-up area has increased by 585.08 % while as the population has increased by 214.75 %. The forecast showed an increase of 246.84 km<sup>2</sup> in built-up area which exceeds the overall carrying capacity of the city. The most common conversions were also evaluated.

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Monitoring Metropolitan Growth Dynamics for Achieving Sustainable Urbanization (SDG 11.3) in Kolkata Metropolitan Area, India

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13214423 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 4423

Author(s):

Sk Mithun ◽

Mehebub Sahana ◽

Subrata Chattopadhyay ◽

Brian Alan Johnson ◽

Khaled Mohamed Khedher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metropolitan Area ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Metropolitan Areas ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Support Vector ◽

Sustainable Urbanization

The mass accumulation of population in the larger cities of India has led to accelerated and unprecedented peripheral urban expansion over the last few decades. This rapid peripheral growth is characterized by an uncontrolled, low density, fragmented and haphazard patchwork of development popularly known as urban sprawl. The Kolkata Metropolitan Area (KMA) has been one of the fastest-growing metropolitan areas in India and is experiencing rampant suburbanization and peripheral expansion. Hence, understanding urban growth and its dynamics in these rapidly changing environments is critical for city planners and resource managers. Furthermore, understanding urban expansion and urban growth patterns are essential for achieving inclusive and sustainable urbanization as defined by the United Nations in the Sustainable Development Goals (e.g., SDGs, 11.3). The present research attempts to quantify and model the urban growth dynamics of large and diverse metropolitan areas with a distinct methodology considering the case of KMA. In the study, land use and land cover (LULC) maps of KMA were prepared for three different years (i.e., for 1996, 2006, and 2016) through the classification of Landsat imagery using a support vector machine (SVM) classification approach. Then, change detection analysis, landscape metrics, a concentric zone approach, and Shannon’s entropy approach were applied for spatiotemporal assessment and quantification of urban growth in KMA. The achieved classification accuracies were found to be 89.75%, 92.00%, and 92.75%, with corresponding Kappa values of 0.879, 0.904, and 0.912 for 1996, 2006, and 2016, respectively. It is concluded that KMA has been experiencing typical urban sprawl. The peri-urban areas (i.e., KMA-rural) are growing rapidly, and are characterized by leapfrogging and fragmented built-up area development, compared to the central KMA (i.e., KMA-urban), which has become more compact in recent years.

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