Passage rate of digesta through the equine gastrointestinal tract: A review

AbstractThe passage rate of solids and liquids through the gastrointestinal tract differs. Increased dietary nutrient solubility causes nutrients to shift from the solid to the liquid digesta fraction and potentially affect digesta passage kinetics. We quantified: (1) the effect of three levels of dietary nutrient solubility (8, 19 and 31 % of soluble protein and sucrose in the diet) at high feed intake level (S) and (2) the effect of lowv.high feed intake level (F), on digesta passage kinetics in forty male growing pigs. The mean retention time (MRT) of solids and liquids in the stomach and small intestine was assessed using TiO2and Cr-EDTA, respectively. In addition, physicochemical properties of digesta were evaluated. Overall, solids were retained longer than liquids in the stomach (2·0 h,P<0·0001) and stomach+small intestine (1·6 h,P<0·001). When S increased, MRT in stomach decreased by 1·3 h for solids (P=0·01) and 0·7 h for liquids (P=0·002) but only at the highest level of S. When F increased using low-soluble nutrients, MRT in stomach increased by 0·8 h for solids (P=0·041) and 0·7 h for liquids (P=0·0001). Dietary treatments did not affect water-binding capacity and viscosity of digesta. In the stomach of growing pigs, dietary nutrient solubility affects digesta MRT in a non-linear manner, while feed intake level increases digesta MRT depending on dietary nutrient solubility. Results can be used to improve predictions on the kinetics of nutrient passage and thereby of nutrient digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

Download Full-text

Disentangling digesta passage rate in the gastrointestinal tract of male and female growing goats fed varying feeding levels using multivariate and metanalytical approaches

Livestock Science ◽

10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104645 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104645

Author(s):

M Gindri ◽

L E Moraes ◽

I A M A Teixeira

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Passage Rate ◽

Male And Female ◽

Digesta Passage ◽

Growing Goats

Download Full-text

INTAKE, DIGESTA FILL AND FLOW KINETICS PRE- AND POSTPARTUM

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas84-161 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 68-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. R. POND ◽

L. GOODE ◽

E. S. LEONARD ◽

D. L. MANN

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Key Words ◽

Residence Time ◽

Mean Residence Time ◽

Passage Rate ◽

Voluntary Intake ◽

Key Words Gastrointestinal ◽

Key Words Gastrointestinal Tract

Voluntary intake of pellets increased from 45.99 to 73.15 g/BW0.75, gastrointestinal tract fill increased from 1.63 to 2.73%/BW and mean residence time for liquids was reduced by 3.5 and for particles by 6 h in ewes postpartum compared to prepartum. Key words: Gastrointestinal tract fill, passage rate sheep

Download Full-text

Isolated pectin (apple) and fruit pulp (mango) impact gastric emptying, passage rate and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production differently along the pig gastrointestinal tract

Food Hydrocolloids ◽

10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106723 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106723

Author(s):

Dorrain Yanwen Low ◽

Anton M. Pluschke ◽

Bernadine Flanagan ◽

Francesca Sonni ◽

Lucas J. Grant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Gastric Emptying ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽

Chain Fatty Acid ◽

Short Chain ◽

Fruit Pulp ◽

Passage Rate

Download Full-text

Functional interactions of manno-oligosaccharides with dietary threonine in chicken gastrointestinal tract. III. Feed passage rate

British Poultry Science ◽

10.1080/00071668.2010.518315 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 51 (5) ◽

pp. 677-685 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

S.H. Chee ◽

P.A. Iji ◽

M. Choct ◽

L.L. Mikkelsen ◽

A. Kocher

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Passage Rate ◽

Functional Interactions

Download Full-text

Rumen parameters and passage rate in cattle fed diets based on sugarcane hydrolyzed with calcium oxide

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n6p2783 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 2783

Author(s):

Fernando César Ferraz Lopes ◽

Mariana Magalhães Campos ◽

Ana Luiza Da Costa Cruz Borges ◽

Carlos Giovani Pancoti ◽

Ricardo Reis e Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Calcium Oxide ◽

Retention Time ◽

Mixed Models ◽

Passage Rate ◽

Fresh Matter ◽

Mean Retention Time ◽

The Mean ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Matter Basis

Nine non-lactating Holstein x Gyr cattle were fed with rations based on chopped sugarcane supplied in natura (control) or hydrolyzed (fresh matter basis) for 24 h with 1% or 2% calcium oxide (CaO), which corresponds to 3.1% or 6.2% CaO on a dry matter (DM) basis, respectively. Ruminal parameters (pH and ammonia N, acetate, propionate and butyrate concentrations) as well as the kinetics of fluid and particulate passage in the gastrointestinal tract from cattle were evaluated. A design using three 3 x 3 contemporaneous Latin Squares (LS) was adopted. The studies of kinetics of fluid and particulate passage were performed using the external markers cobalt-EDTA and chromium-mordanted-NDF, respectively. The ruminal parameters were analyzed according to a 3 x 3 LS replicated three times with repeated measures in time using mixed models that included the fixed effects of treatment (level of CaO), time of sampling and their interaction and the following random effects: LS, animal(LS), period of LS and period*animal (LS). The kinetic parameters of fluid and particulate passage were analyzed using mixed models with treatment as a fixed effect and period of LS, animal(LS) and LS as random effects. The linear and quadratic effects of the treatments were analyzed using orthogonal contrasts. Significant differences were declared at P ? 0.05. No treatment*time interaction was observed (P > 0.05) for any ruminal parameter. A linear effect (P = 0.0279) of CaO inclusion on ruminal pH was observed, but there were no effects (P > 0.05) of the treatments on the ammonia N, acetate, butyrate and total volatile fatty acid ruminal concentrations. There was a quadratic effect (P = 0.05) of the addition of CaO on the ruminal propionate concentration. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the treatments on the particulate rate of passage in the rumen as well as on the mean retention time in this compartment and in the total gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, the addition of CaO to sugarcane promoted a linear increase (P = 0.0258) in the particulate post-ruminal passage rate and, consequently, a linear reduction (P = 0.0363) of the mean retention time in the cecum-proximal colon. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the sugarcane hydrolysis with CaO on the ruminal parameters of the kinetics of fluid passage (dilution rate, retention time and turnover rate). The addition of 3.1% or 6.2% CaO on a DM basis (1% or 2% CaO on a fresh matter basis, respectively) of sugarcane does not improve ruminal fermentation, nor does it increase the fluid or particulate passage in the rumen of non-lactating Holstein x Gyr cattle.

Download Full-text

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s0195941700062603 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

Susan T. Bagley

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Surface Waters ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Opportunistic Pathogen ◽

Habitat Associations ◽

Habitat Association ◽

Klebsiella Species ◽

Almost All ◽

Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

Download Full-text