Factors associated with childbirth self-efficacy: a multicenter cross-sectional study in China

Midwifery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 102883
Author(s):  
Yuxin Zhao ◽  
Jianxiong Wu ◽  
Heping Yang ◽  
Xiaoxv Yin ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Factors associated with physical inactivity among female and male rural adolescents in Borneo – a cross-sectional study

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whye Lian Cheah ◽  
Hazmi Helmy ◽  
Ching Thon Chang
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Rural communities have shown marked increase in metabolic syndrome among young people, with physical inactivity as one of the main contributing factors. This study aimed to determine factors associated with physical inactivity among male and female rural adolescents in a sample of schools in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 145 students aged 13–15 years. Data on socio-demographic, health-related, and psychosocial factors (perceived barriers, self-efficacy, social influences) were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Anthropometric measurement was taken to generate body mass index (BMI)-for-age, while physical activity (PA) level was assessed using pedometers. The mean steps per day was 6251.37 (SD=3085.31) with males reported as being more active. About 27% of the respondents were either overweight or obese, with more females in this group. There was no significant difference in steps among males and females (p=0.212), and nutritional status (BMI-for-age) (p=0.439). Females consistently scored higher in most items under perceived barriers, but had significantly lower scores in self-efficacy’s items. Males were more influenced by peers in terms of PA (p<0.001) and were more satisfied with their body parts (p=0.047). A significantly higher body size discrepancy score was found among females (p=0.034, CI –0.639, –0.026). PA level was low and almost one-third of the respondents were overweight and obese. Female students faced more barriers and had lower self-efficacy with regards PA. Based on the findings, it is recommended that interventions focus on reducing barriers while increasing support for PA. This is particularly important in improving the health status of the youth, especially among the females.

scholarly journals Self-management and its associated factors among people living with diabetes in Blantyre, Malawi: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Chimwemwe Kwanjo Banda ◽  
Belinda T. Gombachika ◽  
Moffat J. Nyirenda ◽  
Adamson Sinjani Muula
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Self-management is key to the control of glycaemia and prevention of complications in people with diabetes. Many people with diabetes in Malawi have poorly controlled glucose and they experience diabetes-related complications. This study aimed to assess diabetes self-management behaviours and to identify factors associated with it among people with diabetes at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 510 adults attending a diabetes clinic at a teaching referral hospital in southern Malawi. The social cognitive theory was applied to identify factors associated with following all recommended self-management behaviours. Data on participants’ demographics, clinical history, diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, social support, environmental barriers and diabetes self-management were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with following all self-management behaviours. Results: The mean age of participants was 53.6 (SD 13.3) years. The majority (82%) were females. Self-reported medication adherence within the last seven days was 88.6%; 77% reported being physically active for at least 30 minutes on more than three days in the previous seven days; 69% reported checking their feet every day and inspecting inside their shoes; 58% reported following a healthy diet regularly. Only 33% reported following all the self-management behaviours regularly.  Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was the only social cognitive factor associated with following all the self-management practices (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Participants in our study were not consistently achieving all self-management practices with dietary practices being the least adhered to behaviour by many. To improve self-management practices of people with diabetes, current health education programs should not only aim at improving diabetes related knowledge but also self-efficacy. Adopting interventions that promote self-efficacy in diabetes patients such as exposure to role models, peer education, providing positive feedback, and counselling is recommended.

scholarly journals Factors associated with patient activation in inflammatory arthritis: a multisite cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii35-ii44
Author(s):  
Bethan Jones ◽  
Mwidimi Ndosi ◽  
Andrew Hunt ◽  
Diana Harcourt ◽  
Emma Dures
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Patient Activation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Rheumatic Conditions ◽  
Multivariable Analyses

Abstract Objectives Patient activation covers the skills, abilities and behaviour that impact how able and willing someone is to take an active role in self-managing their health. This study explored clinical and psychosocial factors associated with patient activation in rheumatology patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study using postal survey methods. Participants with inflammatory rheumatic conditions were from six rheumatology centres in England. Patient activation was captured using the Patient Activation Measure (PAM). Twenty-nine explanatory factors were tested for potential association with patient activation in univariable and multivariable analyses. In preliminary multivariable analyses, factors found to have an association with patient activation at a P &lt; 0.1 level were entered into the final multivariable model. Those that remained significant at a P &lt; 0.05 level were considered associated with patient activation. Results The sample comprised 251 participants (74% female) with a mean age of 59.31 years (s.d. 12.69), disease duration of 14.48 years (s.d. 12.52) and a PAM score of 58.3 (s.d. 11.46). Of the 29 candidate factors, 25 were entered into a preliminary multivariable analysis. In the final multivariable analysis, four factors (self-efficacy, the illness belief that treatment will control participants’ condition and two dimensions of health literacy) were significantly associated with patient activation. This final model accounted for 40.4% of the variance in PAM scores [F(4, 246) = 41.66, P &lt; 0.001]. Conclusions Patient activation is important in managing rheumatic conditions. Our data confirm that self-efficacy and health literacy are particular targets for patient activation interventions.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the mental health status of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Japan

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e043728
Author(s):  
Makiko Arima ◽  
Yusuke Takamiya ◽  
Atsuko Furuta ◽  
Kris Siriratsivawong ◽  
Shizuma Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial impact on university students, including those in medical schools, with disruption in routine education causing significant psychological distress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with psychological distress among medical students during the period of enforced home quarantine from March through May 2020.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingOne Japanese medical school.Participants571 medical students.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSelf-administered electronic questionnaires including the K-6 scale for psychological distress, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) for self-esteem and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) for self-efficacy were distributed. To assess the determinant factor for psychological distress, variables such as sex, grade in school, living conditions, and RSES and GSES scores were evaluated in regression analysis.Results163 respondents (28.5%) scored ≥5 on the K-6 scale, indicating a significant degree of psychological distress. Logistic regression revealed that a higher score on RSES (p<0.001) and GSES (p<0.01) was an independent factor associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Multiple regression analysis focusing on students with a K-6 score ≥5 revealed that higher scores on RSES correlated with lower levels of psychological distress. By contrast, those with higher GSES scores also scored higher for indicators of psychological distress.ConclusionsThis study identified that self-efficacy and self-esteem were both influential factors for predicting psychological distress during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Medical schools should provide support for mental health and educational initiatives directed at enhancing self-esteem and self-efficacy, with a focus on improving personal resilience. In emergency situations, such as that faced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, initial programmes might target students with higher levels of self-efficacy. By contrast, under routine situations, these efforts should be directed towards students with lower self-esteem as primary means to prevent depression.

scholarly journals Assessment of Level of HIV/AIDS Preventive Self-Efficacy and Associated Factors Among Regular Undergraduate Students of Madda Walabu University, Southeast Ethiopia, 2020. A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chala Kene ◽  
Haweni Adugna ◽  
Kalkidan Lemessa ◽  
Leul Deribe
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Southeast Ethiopia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Self-efficacy for HIV prevention is described as a person’s belief in his/her capacity to carry out necessary actions to perform a specific behavior for HIV prevention. This study aimed to assess level of HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy and associated factors among regular undergraduate students of Madda Walabu University, Southeast Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15 to 20, 2020. Four hundred forty-two study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was entered to Epi Data version 4.6.0.2 and analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed and p value less than 0.05 was used to determine the level of significance. Result: The mean level of HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy among regular undergraduate students of Madda Walabu University was found to be 74.58+19.98. Being female [AOR=1.76(1.04-2.81)], in field of health science [AOR= 1.92(1.10-3.36)], second year of study [AOR=2.77(1.55-4.94)] and drinking alcohol [AOR=2.9(1.61- 5.23)] were found to be factors associated with higher HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy. Whereas, exposed to pornography [AOR=0.53(0.33-0.85)] was found to be factor associated with lower HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy.Conclusion: The mean HIV /AIDS preventive self-efficacy of the participants in this study area were found to be low. Sex, field and year of study, drinking alcohol and ever had watched pornography were factors found to be significantly associated with HIV/AIDS preventive self-efficacy. Staffs should be cooperative in educating their students to boost their self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Self-management and its associated factors among people living with diabetes in Blantyre, Malawi: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Chimwemwe Kwanjo Banda ◽  
Belinda T. Gombachika ◽  
Moffat J. Nyirenda ◽  
Adamson Sinjani Muula
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Self-management is key to the control of glycaemia and prevention of complications in people living with diabetes. Many people living with diabetes in Malawi have poorly controlled glucose and they experience diabetes-related complications. This study aimed to assess diabetes self-management behaviours and to identify factors associated with it among people living with diabetes at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), Blantyre, Malawi. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 510 adults attending a diabetes clinic at a teaching referral hospital in southern Malawi. The social cognitive theory was applied to identify factors associated with following all recommended self-management behaviours. Data on participants’ demographics, clinical history, diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, social support, environmental barriers and diabetes self-management were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with following all self-management behaviours. Results: The mean age of participants was 53.6 (SD 13.3) years. Self-reported medication adherence within the last seven days was 88.6% (n=494); 77% reported being physically active for at least 30 minutes on more than three days in the previous seven days; 69% reported checking their feet every day and inspecting inside their shoes; 58% reported following a healthy diet regularly. Overall, only 33% reported following all the self-management behaviours regularly.  Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was the only social cognitive factor associated with following all the self-management practices (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Participants in our study were not consistently achieving all self-management practices with dietary practices being the least adhered to behaviour by many. To improve self-management practices of people living with diabetes, current health education programs should not only aim at improving diabetes related knowledge but also self-efficacy. Adopting interventions that promote self-efficacy in diabetes patients such as exposure to role models, peer education, providing positive feedback, and counselling is recommended.

Etiologies, Clinical Manifestations, and Factors Associated with Severe Symptomatic Hyponatremia among Hospitalized Hyponatremia Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background: Hyponatremia is associated with unfavorable outcomes in many cases. The mainstay of hyponatremia treatment depends on its symptoms and etiology. However, etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia have been rarely reported. Objective: To analyze and report etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia. Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, the authors enrolled hospitalized patients with hyponatremia who had consulted a nephrologist between October 1, 2017, and October 31, 2018. Their baseline characteristics and clinical manifestations were recorded. Etiologies were confirmed by the attending nephrology staff. Factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: One hundred patients were included in this study. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use were the leading hyponatremia etiologies. Hyponatremia etiologies differed between patients with community-acquired hyponatremia (n=50) and those with hospital-associated hyponatremia (n=50). Patients with communityacquired hyponatremia were older, presented with a higher frequency of severe symptomatic hyponatremia, and showed lower SNa-levels. Low SNa-levels were significantly associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia (p=0.014). Conclusion: Hyponatremia remains an important health problem. SIAD, hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use are among the leading etiologies of hyponatremia. Low SNa-levels are associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia; thus, physicians should pay close attention to low SNa-levels in hospitalized patients. Keywords: Hyponatremia, Symptomatic Hyponatremia, Community-acquired hyponatremia, Hospital-associated hyponatremia

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