Cytogenetic analysis of nasal mucosa cells and lymphocytes from high-level long-term formaldehyde exposed workers and low-level short-term exposed waiters

2005 ◽  
Vol 588 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Ye ◽  
Wensheng Yan ◽  
Hong Xie ◽  
Meiying Zhao ◽  
Chenjiang Ying
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals An Examination of the Processes by Which Construal Level Affects the Implicit Evaluation of Goal Relevant Stimuli

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Rees
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Multinomial Processing Tree ◽  
Multinomial Processing Tree Model ◽  
High Level

Previous research has found that construal level—how abstractly or concretely people represent events—can impact implicit evaluations. Abstract high-level construal (vs. concrete low-level construal) promotes evaluative responses consistent with global (strongly held, long-term) rather than local (short-term, situational) goals. It remains unclear by what cognitive process(es) this occurs. In this paper, we examine two possibilities. High-level construal might enhance the unintended influence of activated evaluative associations or facilitate the detection and implementation of intentional responses. To examine these possibilities, the current study applies a multinomial processing tree model to data from Fujita and Han (2009). Results suggest that high-level construal facilitates goal-consistent evaluations by increasing both the unintentional influence of activated goal-consistent positive associations and the intentional detection of and implementation of accurate responding to goal-relevant stimuli. These findings extend our understanding of how construal level promotes goal consistent evaluations.

From Users’ Intentions to IF-THEN Rules in the Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Fulvio Corno ◽  
Luigi De Russis ◽  
Alberto Monge Roffarello
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Original Intention ◽  
Recommendation Accuracy ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In the Internet of Things era, users are willing to personalize the joint behavior of their connected entities, i.e., smart devices and online service, by means of trigger-action rules such as “IF the entrance Nest security camera detects a movement, THEN blink the Philips Hue lamp in the kitchen.” Unfortunately, the spread of new supported technologies makes the number of possible combinations between triggers and actions continuously growing, thus motivating the need of assisting users in discovering new rules and functionality, e.g., through recommendation techniques. To this end, we present , a semantic Conversational Search and Recommendation (CSR) system able to suggest pertinent IF-THEN rules that can be easily deployed in different contexts starting from an abstract user’s need. By exploiting a conversational agent, the user can communicate her current personalization intention by specifying a set of functionality at a high level, e.g., to decrease the temperature of a room when she left it. Stemming from this input, implements a semantic recommendation process that takes into account ( a ) the current user’s intention , ( b ) the connected entities owned by the user, and ( c ) the user’s long-term preferences revealed by her profile. If not satisfied with the suggestions, then the user can converse with the system to provide further feedback, i.e., a short-term preference , thus allowing to provide refined recommendations that better align with the original intention. We evaluate by running different offline experiments with simulated users and real-world data. First, we test the recommendation process in different configurations, and we show that recommendation accuracy and similarity with target items increase as the interaction between the algorithm and the user proceeds. Then, we compare with other similar baseline recommender systems. Results are promising and demonstrate the effectiveness of in recommending IF-THEN rules that satisfy the current personalization intention of the user.

scholarly journals A Framework for Property Developers to Survive in a Recession

10.29007/cfr2 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zunoon Parambath ◽  
Nilupa Udawatta
Keyword(s):  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Property Development ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level ◽  
Property Developers

Recession is considered as a major threat to the economy as it slows down economic activities. The property development sector is extremely responsive to these economic conditions. Thus, it is crucial to understand causes, effects and strategies for property developers to survive in a recession without any ill effects. Thus, this research aimed to develop a framework for property developers to identify appropriate survival strategies in recession. A comprehensive literature review was conducted in this research to achieve the above mentioned aim. The results of this study indicated that recession prompts negative impacts on property development sector resulting in unemployment, lower demand, production and revenue, decline in resources and high level of competition. According to the results, the survival strategies were classified into short-term and long-term strategies. The short term strategies include: implementing management tactics, cut down of operating costs, keeping financing lines set up, timely repayment of debts, setting vital new objectives for the future, undertaking shorter time span developments, specialisation in favoured market, renegotiating deals and contracts. The long-term strategies include retrenchment, restructuring, investment and ambidextrous strategies. Similarly, attention should be paid to predict any changes in the economic environment that can influence property development activities and it is necessary to carefully evaluate investment activities to increase sales, profits and market shares of property developers. Preparing for a crisis is doubtlessly the ideal approach as it can facilitate both survival and growth. Thus, the property developers can implement these suggested strategies in their businesses to enhance their practices.

scholarly journals Learning Long- and Short-Term User Literal-Preference with Multimodal Hierarchical Transformer Network for Personalized Image Caption

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (05) ◽  
pp. 9571-9578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Yue Ying ◽  
Pan Lu ◽  
Hongyuan Zha
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Natural Extension ◽  
Target Image ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Image Representations ◽  
High Level ◽  
Image Descriptions ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Image Caption

Personalized image caption, a natural extension of the standard image caption task, requires to generate brief image descriptions tailored for users' writing style and traits, and is more practical to meet users' real demands. Only a few recent studies shed light on this crucial task and learn static user representations to capture their long-term literal-preference. However, it is insufficient to achieve satisfactory performance due to the intrinsic existence of not only long-term user literal-preference, but also short-term literal-preference which is associated with users' recent states. To bridge this gap, we develop a novel multimodal hierarchical transformer network (MHTN) for personalized image caption in this paper. It learns short-term user literal-preference based on users' recent captions through a short-term user encoder at the low level. And at the high level, the multimodal encoder integrates target image representations with short-term literal-preference, as well as long-term literal-preference learned from user IDs. These two encoders enjoy the advantages of the powerful transformer networks. Extensive experiments on two real datasets show the effectiveness of considering two types of user literal-preference simultaneously and better performance over the state-of-the-art models.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Strains Isolated during Ciprofloxacin Therapy from a Patient with Bronchiectasis

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1419-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela G. de la Campa ◽  
María-José Ferrandiz ◽  
Fe Tubau ◽  
Román Pallarés ◽  
Federico Manresa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACT Five Spain9V-3 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were isolated from a patient with bronchiectasis who had received long-term ciprofloxacin therapy. One ciprofloxacin-susceptible strain was isolated before treatment, and four ciprofloxacin-resistant strains were isolated during treatment. The resistant strains were derived from the susceptible strain either by a parC mutation (low-level resistance) or by parC and gyrA mutations (high-level resistance). This study shows that ciprofloxacin therapy in a patient colonized by susceptible S. pneumoniae may select fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants.

Growing without Pains? Explaining Liberal Democrat MPs' Behaviour

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Cole
Keyword(s):  
Group Composition ◽  
National Party ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Contextual Data ◽  
Liberal Democrats ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
Over Time

Recent academic studies and wider commentary on the behaviour of Liberal Democrat MPs have recognised their relatively high level of cohesiveness on whipped votes when compared to that of Labour and the Conservatives, and to the Liberal Democrats' own reputation; but while this trend continues, few studies have focused upon its causes. This article uses the MPs' voting records, personal papers, interviews and wider contextual data to chart the extent of that unity over time, and to explore its origins, including group composition, structure, patronage, relations with the extra-parliamentary party and other parties as well as national party image. It finds the key to this unity in a combination of medium and long-term features of the Liberal and Liberal Democrat group of MPs, rather than a short-term singular determinant.

scholarly journals Methodology of making organizational and technological decisions at the stage of operational management of construction operations based on the forecasting system

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (2) ◽  
pp. 022114
Author(s):  
L Zelentsov ◽  
L Mailyan ◽  
D Pirko
Keyword(s):  
Software Package ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Construction Operations ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cost Parameters

Abstract The article discusses the issues of forecasting two key parameters of an investment and construction project: time and cost, while the building company is considered as a complex dynamic system. Taking into account the long-term nature of the creation of construction products and, as a consequence, the high level of work in progress, the need to use forecasting models is justified, both at short-term planning intervals (week, month) and at longer intervals (quarter, year). The article examines the formalized forecasting methods, gives a characteristic of the methods most widely used in practice. These methods include forecasting based on ARIMA models. DSTU has developed a pilot software package for an intelligent construction management system, which includes a software package for forecasting the time and cost parameters of a construction object at the stages of operational and current management.

scholarly journals Factors associated with high-risk low-level viremia leading to virologic failure: 16-year retrospective study of a Chinese antiretroviral therapy cohort

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Haibo Ding ◽  
Minghui An ◽  
Xiaonan Wang ◽  
Wen Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Virologic Failure ◽  
Baseline Viral Load ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background: Low level viremia (LLV) often occurs during antiretroviral therapy (ART) against HIV-1. However, its impact on virologic failure (VF) is controversial because of non-uniform definitions of LLV and VF. Methods: A long-term first line regimen ART cohort from 2002–2018 from Shenyang, northeast China, was retrospectively studied. All participants were followed up every 3 to 6 months to evaluate the treatment effect. The high-risk LLV subgroups leading to VF (with strict standards) were explored with Cox proportional hazards model and linear mixed-effect model. The association factors of high-risk LLV were further explored using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 2155 HIV-1 infected participants were included; of these, 38.8% showed LLV. Both high level LLV (HLLV) and any other level LLV coupled with high level blip (HBL) showed higher risk of VF (hazards ratios, HRHLLV=5.93, and HRHBL=2.84, p<0.01 respectively). Moreover, HR increased with prolonged duration of LLV. Independent factors associated with high-risk LLV included the zenith baseline viral load (VL) above 6 log copies/ml (aOR=3.49, p=0.002), nadir baseline CD4+T cell counts below 200 cells/ml (aOR=1.78, p=0.011), Manchu (aOR=2.03, p=0.003), ART over 60 months (aOR=1.81, p=0.004), AZT+3TC+NVP (aOR=2.26, p<0.001) or DDI-based regimen (aOR=9.96, p<0.001), and subtype B’ infection (aOR=8.22, p=0.001). Conclusions: In case of VF with strict standards, high-risk LLV leading to VF includes VL above 400 copies/ml, occurring at least once. Serious laboratory indicators or advanced stage of infection, long term ART and subtype B’ infection might also predict the occurrence of high-risk LLV.

scholarly journals Plasticity versus stability across the human cortical visual connectome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen V. Haak ◽  
Christian F. Beckmann
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Visual Hierarchy ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Open Question ◽  
The Brain

AbstractWhether and how the balance between plasticity and stability varies across the brain is an important open question. Within a processing hierarchy, it is thought that plasticity is increased at higher levels of cortical processing, but direct quantitative comparisons between low- and high-level plasticity have not been made so far. Here, we addressed this issue for the human cortical visual system. By quantifying plasticity as the complement of the heritability of functional connectivity, we demonstrate a non-monotonic relationship between plasticity and hierarchical level, such that plasticity decreases from early to mid-level cortex, and then increases further of the visual hierarchy. This non-monotonic relationship argues against recent theory that the balance between plasticity and stability is governed by the costs of the “coding-catastrophe”, and can be explained by a concurrent decline of short-term adaptation and rise of long-term plasticity up the visual processing hierarchy.

scholarly journals Factors associated with high-risk low-level viremia leading to virologic failure: 16-year retrospective study of a Chinese antiretroviral therapy cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Haibo Ding ◽  
Minghui An ◽  
Xiaonan Wang ◽  
Wen Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Virologic Failure ◽  
Baseline Viral Load ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background: Low level viremia (LLV) often occurs during antiretroviral therapy (ART) against HIV-1. However, whether LLV increases the risk of virologic failure (VF) is controversial because of the non-uniform definitions of LLV and VF. Methods: A long-term first line regimen ART cohort from 2002–2018 from Shenyang, northeast China, was retrospectively studied. All participants were followed up every 3 to 6 months to evaluate the treatment effect. The high-risk LLV subgroups leading to VF (with strict standards) were explored with Cox proportional hazards model and linear mixed-effect model. The association factors of high-risk LLV were further explored using multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 2155 HIV-1 infected participants were included; of these, 38.7% showed LLV. Both high level LLV (HLLV) and any other level LLV coupled with high level blip (HLB) showed higher risk of VF (hazards ratios, HRHLLV=5.93, and HRHLB=2.84, p<0.05 respectively). Moreover, HR increased with prolonged duration of LLV. Independent factors associated with high-risk LLV included the zenith baseline viral load (VL) above 6 log copies/ml (aOR=3.49, p=0.002), nadir baseline CD4+T cell counts below 200 cells/mm3 (aOR=1.78, p=0.011), Manchu (aOR=2.03, p=0.003), ART over 60 months (aOR=1.81, p=0.004), AZT+3TC+NVP (aOR=2.26, p<0.001) or DDI-based regimen (aOR=9.96, p=0.002), and subtype B’ infection (aOR=8.22, p=0.001). Conclusions: In case of VF with strict standards, high-risk LLV leading to VF includes VL above 400 copies/ml, occurring at least once. Serious laboratory indicators or advanced stage of infection, long term ART and subtype B’ infection might also predict the occurrence of high-risk LLV.

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