scholarly journals Longitudinal Brain Atlases of Early Developing Cynomolgus Macaques from Birth to 48 Months of Age

NeuroImage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 118799
Author(s):  
Tao Zhong ◽  
Jingkuan Wei ◽  
Kunhua Wu ◽  
Liangjun Chen ◽  
Fenqiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cynomolgus Macaques ◽  
Brain Atlases

scholarly journals Standardizing human brain parcellations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross M. Lawrence ◽  
Eric W. Bridgeford ◽  
Patrick E. Myers ◽  
Ganesh C. Arvapalli ◽  
Sandhya C. Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Coordinate Space ◽  
The Past ◽  
File Storage ◽  
Statistical Inferences ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Storage Format ◽  
Labeling Scheme ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Brain Atlases

AbstractUsing brain atlases to localize regions of interest is a requirement for making neuroscientifically valid statistical inferences. These atlases, represented in volumetric or surface coordinate spaces, can describe brain topology from a variety of perspectives. Although many human brain atlases have circulated the field over the past fifty years, limited effort has been devoted to their standardization. Standardization can facilitate consistency and transparency with respect to orientation, resolution, labeling scheme, file storage format, and coordinate space designation. Our group has worked to consolidate an extensive selection of popular human brain atlases into a single, curated, open-source library, where they are stored following a standardized protocol with accompanying metadata, which can serve as the basis for future atlases. The repository containing the atlases, the specification, as well as relevant transformation functions is available in the neuroparc OSF registered repository or https://github.com/neurodata/neuroparc.

Effects of transdermal mirtazapine on hyporexic rhesus and cynomolgus macaques ( Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis )

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Kriscelle A. Mendoza ◽  
Diane E. Stockinger ◽  
Mira J. Cukrov ◽  
Jeffrey A. Roberts ◽  
Granger G.C. Hwa
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Cynomolgus Macaques

scholarly journals Age-specific Structural Fetal Brain Atlases Construction and Cortical Development Quantification for Chinese Population

NeuroImage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 118412
Author(s):  
Jiangjie Wu ◽  
Taotao Sun ◽  
Boliang Yu ◽  
Zhenghao Li ◽  
Qing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Population ◽  
Cortical Development ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Brain Atlases

scholarly journals Implementation of a non-human primate model of Ebola disease: Infection of Mauritian cynomolgus macaques and analysis of virus populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Géraldine Piorkowski ◽  
Frédéric Jacquot ◽  
Gilles Quérat ◽  
Caroline Carbonnelle ◽  
Delphine Pannetier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primate Model ◽  
Cynomolgus Macaques ◽  
Human Primate

scholarly journals Limbic Expression of mRNA Coding for Chemoreceptors in Human Brain—Lessons from Brain Atlases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6858
Author(s):  
Fanny Gaudel ◽  
Gaëlle Guiraudie-Capraz ◽  
François Féron
Keyword(s):  
G Proteins ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trace Amines ◽  
Chemical Senses ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Human Brains ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Atlases

Animals strongly rely on chemical senses to uncover the outside world and adjust their behaviour. Chemical signals are perceived by facial sensitive chemosensors that can be clustered into three families, namely the gustatory (TASR), olfactory (OR, TAAR) and pheromonal (VNR, FPR) receptors. Over recent decades, chemoreceptors were identified in non-facial parts of the body, including the brain. In order to map chemoreceptors within the encephalon, we performed a study based on four brain atlases. The transcript expression of selected members of the three chemoreceptor families and their canonical partners was analysed in major areas of healthy and demented human brains. Genes encoding all studied chemoreceptors are transcribed in the central nervous system, particularly in the limbic system. RNA of their canonical transduction partners (G proteins, ion channels) are also observed in all studied brain areas, reinforcing the suggestion that cerebral chemoreceptors are functional. In addition, we noticed that: (i) bitterness-associated receptors display an enriched expression, (ii) the brain is equipped to sense trace amines and pheromonal cues and (iii) chemoreceptor RNA expression varies with age, but not dementia or brain trauma. Extensive studies are now required to further understand how the brain makes sense of endogenous chemicals.

scholarly journals Interleukin-1β mediates alterations in mitochondrial fusion/fission proteins and memory impairment induced by amyloid-β oligomers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre F. Batista ◽  
Tayná Rody ◽  
Leticia Forny-Germano ◽  
Suzana Cerdeiro ◽  
Maria Bellio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Mitochondrial Fusion ◽  
Synapse Loss ◽  
Cynomolgus Macaques ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The lack of effective treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) reflects an incomplete understanding of disease mechanisms. Alterations in proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics, an essential process for mitochondrial integrity and function, have been reported in AD brains. Impaired mitochondrial dynamics causes mitochondrial dysfunction and has been associated with cognitive impairment in AD. Here, we investigated a possible link between pro-inflammatory interleukin-1 (IL-1), mitochondrial dysfunction, and cognitive impairment in AD models. Methods We exposed primary hippocampal cell cultures to amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) and carried out AβO infusions into the lateral cerebral ventricle of cynomolgus macaques to assess the impact of AβOs on proteins that regulate mitochondrial dynamics. Where indicated, primary cultures were pre-treated with mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (mdivi-1), or with anakinra, a recombinant interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) antagonist used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Cognitive impairment was investigated in C57BL/6 mice that received an intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of AβOs in the presence or absence of mdivi-1. To assess the role of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in AβO-induced alterations in mitochondrial proteins and memory impairment, interleukin receptor-1 knockout (Il1r1−/−) mice received an i.c.v. infusion of AβOs. Results We report that anakinra prevented AβO-induced alteration in mitochondrial dynamics proteins in primary hippocampal cultures. Altered levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion and fission were observed in the brains of cynomolgus macaques that received i.c.v. infusions of AβOs. The mitochondrial fission inhibitor, mdivi-1, alleviated synapse loss and cognitive impairment induced by AβOs in mice. In addition, AβOs failed to cause alterations in expression of mitochondrial dynamics proteins or memory impairment in Il1r1−/− mice. Conclusion These findings indicate that IL-1β mediates the impact of AβOs on proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and that strategies aimed to prevent pathological alterations in those proteins may counteract synapse loss and cognitive impairment in AD.

Obstructive Protein Cast Nephropathy in Cynomolgus Monkeys Treated with Small Organic Molecules

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 945-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Guzman ◽  
K. Datta ◽  
N. K. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Obstructive Nephropathy ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Cast Material ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys ◽  
Cast Nephropathy ◽  
Cynomolgus Macaques ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Tubular Dilatation

We have observed a renal toxicity consistent with an obstructive protein cast nephropathy in cynomolgus macaques but not in other species treated with different therapeutic candidates having a common carboxylic acid moiety, suggesting a species-specific sensitivity. Here, we present renal toxicity findings consistent with a protein cast nephropathy in a 2–week safety study in cynomolgus monkeys. Light microscopic changes consisted of intratubular cast formation, tubular dilatation, interstitial inflammation, and expansion of the medullary interstitium. Tubular cast material was identified as Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) and, on ultrastructure, crystalloid material was present in vacuoles of tubular epithelium. It is hypothesized that microcrystal formation in the urinary tubular spaces induces aggregation of THP protein and cast formation in monkeys. Drug-induced obstructive nephropathy is not identified as a major problem in humans; thus, the clinical relevance of the above findings in monkeys is not clear.

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