Cross-Language Pattern Similarity in the Bilateral Fusiform Cortex Is Associated with Reading Proficiency in Second Language

Cross language influence in third language (L3) acquisition is related to the first (L1) and second language (L2) acquisition. Cross-language influence in third language acquisition studies can be analyzed from the first and second language role in the third language acquisition. Each acquisition Indonesian language as L3 is always English as L2 so that the role of English in acquiring Indonesian as B3 be worth studying. It is a qualitative approach based research. This study focuses on (1) the role of English of articulation and (2) the role of English as the provider acquiring vocabulary in Indonesian as L3. Data used in this research is the conversation conducted by the researcher and research subject; and sentence production based on picture by the research subject. Data analysis result finds 1) the role of English as an addition to the mastery of the sound that is not owned B1 of pemeroleh Indonesian as L3 and English influence language sounds in pronunciation Indonesian, and 2) The role of English as a provider of vocabulary in language acquisition Indonesia as B3 is as a language bridge in language acquisition Indonesia if the Indonesian pemeroleh not master words in Indonesian.

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Acquiring Pronouns in a Second Language: Evidence for Hypothesis Testing

Studies in Second Language Acquisition ◽

10.1017/s0272263100005027 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 215-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jeanette K. Gundel ◽

Nancy Stenson ◽

Elaine Tarone

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Second Language Acquisition ◽

Hypothesis Testing ◽

Direct Object ◽

French Immersion ◽

Direct Transfer ◽

Language Pattern ◽

English Speaking ◽

Three Stages ◽

L1 And L2

Gundel and Tarone (1981) studied the acquisition of pronouns by Chinese and Spanish speaking adults learning English. On the basis of this study it was proposed that when L1 and L2 differ in the relative order of object pronoun and verb, the acquisition of direct object pronouns proceeds in three stages: (1) direct transfer of the native language pattern; (2) zero anaphora, i.e. no overt form at all, in direct object position; (3) the correct L2 pattern. The present paper presents further evidence for this proposal, and hence for a hypothesis-testing view of second language acquisition, on the basis of longitudinal data from English speaking children learning French in the Toronto French Immersion Program.

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The Phonetics and Phonology of Bilingualism

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935345.013.72 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Miguel Simonet

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Language Learning ◽

Real Time ◽

Second Language Learning ◽

Central Idea ◽

Complex Interactions ◽

Cross Language

This chapter provides a selective overview of recent research on the phonetics and phonology of bilingualism. The central idea put forth in the chapter is that, in bilingualism and second-language learning, cross-language categories are involved in complex interactions that can take many forms, including assimilations and dissimilations. The sound categories of the two languages of a bilingual seem to coexist in a common representational network and appear to be activated simultaneously in the processing of speech in real time, but some degree of specificity is attested. The chapter then goes on to explore some of the characteristics of cross-language sound interactions, including the fact that these interactions are pliable and appear to be mediated by the structure of the lexicon.

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Research in cross‐language and second‐language speech perception and production: Issues, trends, and future directions

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America ◽

10.1121/1.424939 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 105 (2) ◽

pp. 1034-1034

Author(s):

Winifred Strange

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Speech Perception ◽

Future Directions ◽

Cross Language ◽

Speech Perception And Production

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The time course of cross-language activation in deaf ASL–English bilinguals

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s136672891500067x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 337-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

JILL P. MORFORD ◽

CORRINE OCCHINO-KEHOE ◽

PILAR PIÑAR ◽

ERIN WILKINSON ◽

JUDITH F. KROLL

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

Semantic Similarity ◽

Time Course ◽

Lexical Processing ◽

Language Activation ◽

Cross Language ◽

Rule Out

What is the time course of cross-language activation in deaf sign–print bilinguals? Prior studies demonstrating cross-language activation in deaf bilinguals used paradigms that would allow strategic or conscious translation. This study investigates whether cross-language activation can be eliminated by reducing the time available for lexical processing. Deaf ASL–English bilinguals and hearing English monolinguals viewed pairs of English words and judged their semantic similarity. Half of the stimuli had phonologically related translations in ASL, but participants saw only English words. We replicated prior findings of cross-language activation despite the introduction of a much faster rate of presentation. Further, the deaf bilinguals were as fast or faster than hearing monolinguals despite the fact that the task was in their second language. The results allow us to rule out the possibility that deaf ASL–English bilinguals only activate ASL phonological forms when given ample time for strategic or conscious translation across their two languages.

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The L2 perception of initial English /h/ and /ɹ/ by Brazilian Portuguese learners of English

Journal of Second Language Pronunciation ◽

10.1075/jslp.1.2.02osb ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 157-180

Author(s):

Denise Osborne

Keyword(s):

Second Language ◽

First Language ◽

Brazilian Portuguese ◽

Discrimination Test ◽

Identification Test ◽

L2 Perception ◽

Cross Language ◽

Language Assimilation

This study investigates how speakers who speak Brazilian Portuguese as their first language and English as their second language perceive the English phonemes /h/ and /ɹ/, and how they and monolingual Brazilian Portuguese speakers map these phonemes onto Portuguese sound categories. Participants took part in three experiments: an AXB discrimination test, an identification test, and a cross-language assimilation test, which was also taken by monolinguals. Lower and higher proficiency groups were able to hear the distinction acoustically, but only the higher proficiency group used the distinction to identify English words. Monolingual Brazilian Portuguese speakers and the higher proficiency group assimilated English /h/ primarily to Portuguese /h/. However, the phonological environment had an effect for monolinguals, but not for the higher proficiency group. The lower proficiency group, which one might expect to fall in between these two groups, showed a failure to assimilate English sounds to the Portuguese categories.

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