Influence of Mediterranean diet adherence, physical activity patterns, and weight status on cardiovascular response to cardiorespiratory fitness test in Chilean school children

We aimed to assess the influence of the Mediterranean Diet adherence and physical activity (PA) on body composition, with a particular focus on bone health, in young patients with celiac disease (CD). The CD group (n = 59) included children with CD with a long (>18 months, n = 41) or recent (<18 months, n = 18) adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). The non-celiac group (n = 40) included non-celiac children. After adjusting for potential confounders, the CD group showed lower body weight (p = 0.034), lean mass (p = 0.003), bone mineral content (p = 0.006), and bone Z-score (p = 0.036) than non-celiac children, even when the model was further adjusted for adherence to a GFD for at least 18 months. Among CD children, spending greater time in vigorous physical activity was associated with higher lean mass (p = 0.020) and bone mineral density with evidence of statistical significance (p = 0.078) regardless of the time they followed a GFD. In addition, a greater Mediterranean Diet adherence was associated with a higher bone Z-score (p = 0.020). Moreover, lean mass was strongly associated with bone mineral density and independently explained 12% of its variability (p < 0.001). These findings suggest the importance of correctly monitoring lifestyle in children with CD regarding dietary habits and PA levels to improve lean mass and, consequently, bone quality in this population.

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Physical Activity Patterns in Secondary School Children

European Journal of Physical Education ◽

10.1080/1740898000050203 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 147-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Joanne Welsman ◽

Neil Armstrong

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Secondary School ◽

School Children ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Physical Activity Patterns

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Diet and Physical Activity Patterns of Obese and Nonobese Elementary School Children

Research Quarterly American Association for Health Physical Education and Recreation ◽

10.1080/10671188.1968.10613439 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 922-928 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Charles B. Corbin ◽

Philip Pletcher

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Elementary School ◽

School Children ◽

Elementary School Children ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Diet And Physical Activity

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Domain-specific physical activity patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness among the working population: Findings from the cross-sectional German Health Interview and Examination Survey

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034610 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. e034610

Author(s):

Johannes Zeiher ◽

Maurice Duch ◽

Lars E Kroll ◽

Gert B M Mensink ◽

Jonas D Finger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Occupational Physical Activity ◽

Working Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Domain Specific

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate associations between occupational physical activity patterns (physical work demands linked to job title) and leisure time physical activity (assessed by questionnaire) with cardiorespiratory fitness (assessed by exercise test) among men and women in the German working population.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study.SettingTwo-stage cluster-randomised general population sample selected from population registries of 180 nationally distributed sample points. Information was collected from 2008 to 2011.Participants1296 women and 1199 men aged 18–64 from the resident working population.Outcome measureEstimated low maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max), defined as first and second sex-specific quintile, assessed by a standardised, submaximal cycle ergometer test.ResultsLow estimatedV˙O2maxwas strongly linked to low leisure time physical activity, but not occupational physical activity. The association of domain-specific physical activity patterns with lowV˙O2maxvaried by sex: women doing no leisure time physical activity with high occupational physical activity levels were more likely to have lowV˙O2max(OR 6.54; 95% CI 2.98 to 14.3) compared with women with ≥2 hours of leisure time physical activity and high occupational physical activity. Men with no leisure time physical activity and low occupational physical activity had the highest odds of lowV˙O2max(OR 4.37; 95% CI 2.02 to 9.47).ConclusionThere was a strong association between patterns of leisure time and occupational physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness within the adult working population in Germany. Women doing no leisure time physical activity were likely to have poor cardiorespiratory fitness, especially if they worked in physically demanding jobs. However, further investigation is needed to understand the relationships between activity and fitness in different domains. Current guidelines do not distinguish between activity during work and leisure time, so specifying leisure time recommendations by occupational physical activity level should be considered.

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Presence of Hypertension Is Reduced by Mediterranean Diet Adherence in All Individuals with a More Pronounced Effect in the Obese: The Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS)

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12030853 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 853 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emmanuella Magriplis ◽

Demosthenes Panagiotakos ◽

Ioannis Kyrou ◽

Costas Tsioufis ◽

Anastasia-Vasiliki Mitsopoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Health Survey ◽

Weight Status ◽

Adult Population ◽

A Priori ◽

Age Groups ◽

Nutrition And Health ◽

Diet Adherence ◽

Mediterranean Diet Adherence

Hypertension is a major risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study’s aim was to examine associations between hypertension and a priori known lifestyle risk factors, including weight status and Mediterranean diet adherence. The study included a representative sample of the adult population (N = 3775 (40.8% males)), from the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS), which took place from September 2013 to May 2015. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected using validated questionnaires, and blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed for the two main metropolitan areas (N = 1040; 41.1%). Hypertension diagnosis was according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) guidelines. Weighted proportions, extended Mantel–Haenszel (M–H) analyses, and multiple logistic regressions (for the survey data) were performed. Mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were 118.6 mmHg and 72.2 mmHg respectively, with both values being higher in males compared to females in all age groups (p < 0.001). Study participants with hyperlipidemia or diabetes, and those overweight, were almost twice as likely to be hypertensives, with the odds increasing to 4 for those obese (p for all, < 0.05). Stricter Mediterranean diet adherence significantly decreased the likelihood of hypertension by 36% (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.439, 0.943), and a significant interaction was found between Mediterranean diet adherence and weight status on hypertension. The presence of hypertension is clustered with comorbidities, but is significantly associated with modifiable risk factors, including Mediterranean diet and weight status, underlining the need for personalized medical nutritional treatment.

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