Higher dietary acid load is weakly associated with higher adiposity measures and blood pressure in Japanese adults: The National Health and Nutrition Survey

Abstract Objectives We examined whether IL6 single nucleotide genetic polymorphism modified the association between dietary acid load (DAL) and blood pressure among postmenopausal women in Malaysia. Methods A total of 211 community-dwelling postmenopausal women were recruited. Dietary intakes of participants were assessed using a validated interview-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire while DAL was estimated using potential renal acid load (PRAL). Agena® MassARRAY genotyping analysis was used to identify the IL6 genotype and blood pressure was measured using a Digital Automatic BP monitor (OMRON HEM-907, Japan). Interaction between DAL and IL6 -572 G/C polymorphism was assessed using linear regression test. Results There was a significant interaction between DAL and IL6 -572 G/C polymorphism on systolic blood pressure (SBP) (Pinteraction = 0.041). A significant positive association between DAL and SBP with stronger relationship in CG and GG genotype carriers compare to CC carriers were observed. On the other hand, there was no significant diet-gene interaction effect on diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the association between DAL and SBP might be influenced by IL6 -572 G/C polymorphism among postmenopausal women. Further work on how IL6 -572 G/C polymorphism influences the association with DAL on hypertension are warranted. Funding Sources Supported by Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS), Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia, and Putra Grant UPM.

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Dietary Acid Load and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12113419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3419

Author(s):

Joanna Ostrowska ◽

Justyna Janiszewska ◽

Dorota Szostak-Węgierek

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Significant Positive Association ◽

Dietary Acid Load ◽

Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽

Dietary Acid ◽

Acid Load

The Western, diet rich in acidogenic foods (e.g., meat, fish and cheese) and low in alkaline foods (e.g., vegetables, fruits and legumes), is deemed to be a cause of endogenous acid production and elevated dietary acid load (DAL), which is a potential cause of metabolic acidosis. Multiple authors have suggested that such a dietary pattern increases the excretion of calcium and magnesium, as well as cortisol secretion. In addition, it is associated with decreased citrate excretion. All of these seem to increase blood pressure and insulin resistance and may contribute to the development of cardiometabolic disorders. However, there are inconsistencies in the results of the studies conducted. Therefore, this narrative literature review aims to present the outcomes of studies performed in recent years that investigated the association between DAL and the following cardiometabolic risk factors: blood pressure, hypertension, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid profile. Study outcomes are divided into (i) statistically significant positive association, (ii) statistically significant inverse association, and (iii) no statistically significant association.

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Consumption of meals prepared away from home is related to the inadequacy of dietary fibre and minerals intake among Japanese adults aged 18-64 years: analysis from the 2015 National Health and Nutrition Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-31265/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mai Matsumoto ◽

Aki Saito ◽

Chika Okada ◽

Emiko Okada ◽

Ryoko Tajima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fiber ◽

National Health ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Nutritional Intake ◽

Dietary Reference Intake ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Japanese Adults ◽

Dietary Record

Abstract Background: Consumption of home-prepared meals may lead to better nutritional intake. Few studies have examined the association between the frequency of consuming meals prepared away from home and the adequacy of nutritional intake based on nutritional standards. We therefore aimed to investigate this issue among Japanese adults.Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of the 2015 National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan, involving 921 men and 1300 women aged 18–64 years, conducted as a cross-sectional survey. The frequency of consuming meals prepared away from home was defined using two questions inquiring about the frequency of eating out and take-away meals. Data on dietary intake were collected using a one-day semi-weighed household dietary record. The inadequacy of each nutrient intake was assessed by comparing estimated average requirement (EAR) level for 14 nutrients and the range of the dietary goal (DG) for seven nutrients according to the 2015 version of the Dietary Reference Intake for Japanese. Participants were stratified into three groups based on the frequency of consumption of home-prepared meals. Group differences in nutrients inadequacy were assessed using the covariate and logistic regression analysis, respectively.Results: The proportion of participants who consumed home-prepared meals almost every day were 34.9% among men and 46.8% among women, and the proportion of those rarely consuming were 14.7% and 6.3%, respectively.A higher frequency of consuming meals prepared away from home was associated with lower intake and adequacy of dietary fiber and minerals (iron, calcium, potassium etc.), and with lower intake of vegetables and lower intake of oils.Conclusions: High frequency of consuming meals prepared away from home was associated with insufficient intake of dietary fiber and multiple mineral intakes among Japanese adults. Dietary fiber and mineral intake may be the potential target of interventions aimed at improving nutrient intake in individuals who predominantly eat food prepared away from home.

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