Association of metabolic phenotypes, grip strength and diabetes risk: The 15-year follow-up of The North West Adelaide Health Study, Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 536-541
Author(s):  
Alline M. Beleigoli ◽  
Sarah L. Appleton ◽  
Tiffany K. Gill ◽  
Catherine L. Hill ◽  
Robert J. Adams
BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e030079
Author(s):  
Yohannes Adama Melaku ◽  
Tiffany K Gill ◽  
Sarah L Appleton ◽  
Catherine Hill ◽  
Mark A Boyd ◽  
...  

IntroductionStudies examining potential factors of all-cause mortality comprehensively at community level are rare. Using long-term community-based follow-up study, we examined the association of sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics, metabolic and chronic conditions, and medication and health service utilisation with all-cause mortality.MethodsWe followed 4056 participants, aged 18–90 years, for 18 years in the North West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS). Mortality data were obtained from South Australian (SA) public hospitals and registries including SA births, deaths and marriages, the National Death Index and the NWAHS follow-up. Predictors of all-cause mortality were explored using Cox proportional hazard model, adjusting for potential confounders. We performed subgroup analyses by sex and age.ResultsMean (SD) age at baseline was 50.4 (16.4) years. Less than half (47.8%) of the participants were men. A total of 64 689.7 person-years from 4033 participants with 18.7 years of follow-up were generated. The median follow-up time was 17.7 years; 614 deaths were recorded. The overall crude death rate was 9.6 (95% CI 8.9 to 10.4) per 1000 person-years. After adjusting for potential confounders, a reduced risk of mortality was significantly associated with being separated or divorced, being in the highest Socioeconomic Indexes for Areas quintile, engaging in moderate exercise, being overweight (body mass index: 25.0–29.9 kg/m2) and per 10% increase in per cent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s. We found that the most important predictors of all-cause mortality were sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics. Sociodemographic factors were more important predictors of all-cause mortality in young age bracket compared with older people.ConclusionsSocioeconomic factors were found to be the most important predictors of all-cause mortality. The study highlights the need to address the social inequalities and strengthen behavioural interventions for different subgroups of population to prevent premature deaths.


2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
N Potts ◽  
D Wilson ◽  
A Taylor ◽  
T Gill ◽  
G Schrader ◽  
...  

Curationis ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Shai-Mahoko

The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical conditions brought to indigenous healers by people in the rural areas in search of health care. The demographic variables and preventive, promotive, curative and follow-up activities of indigenous healers were investigated. Data were collected from a simple random sample of 35 indigenous healers. A questionnaire designed by Mogoba (1984) for investigation of training and functioning of traditional doctors in Southern Africa was modified and used to collect data.


1959 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 38-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Ward-Perkins

The excavations here described were undertaken by the British School at Rome on behalf of the Superintendency of Antiquities for Southern Etruria, through the courtesy of its Superintendent, Professor Renato Bartoccini, who has done so much to foster active archaeological research within an area that is undergoing drastic and archaeologically disastrous change, and with the active and cordial collaboration of his staff. The purpose of the excavations was the strictly limited one of examining, while there was yet time, one of the few remaining stretches of the defences of Veii where ploughing in recent years had revealed (and is now rapidly destroying) substantial remains of the ancient walls. In the course of the work such other features as came to light were examined and recorded so far as this limited purpose permitted; but no attempt was, or could be, made to follow up the larger implications of these discoveries, which must await another occasion and other hands.The work was undertaken in two short campaigns, each of between two and four weeks' duration. The first of these, in November and December 1957, was hampered by the ravages of Asian influenza, the work of supervision being shared in succession by Mrs. Selina Tomlin (now Mrs. Ballance), Mr. Guy Duncan and Mr. Michael Ballance; and it is greatly to their credit that, despite these difficulties, a satisfactory and coherent result was obtained. The second campaign took place in October-November 1958, and was supervised throughout by Mrs. P. W. Murray Threipland. Both in the field and the work-room a great deal of volunteer help was received both from students of the School and from friends and visitors, outstanding among the latter being Mrs. Anne Kahane and Mrs. Betty Eastwood and, during the second campaign, Mr. Eric Gray.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 1394-1394
Author(s):  
M.Q. Thompson ◽  
O. Theou ◽  
S.C. Yu ◽  
K. Lange ◽  
R. Adams ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONIA COLE ◽  
TIFFANY K. GILL ◽  
E. MICHAEL SHANAHAN ◽  
PATRICK PHILLIPS ◽  
ANNE W. TAYLOR ◽  
...  

Objectives.To assess the association of shoulder pain and/or stiffness and diabetes mellitus in a population based cohort.Methods.Participants were randomly recruited from the North West Adelaide Health Study, a longitudinal, population based study. In the second stage, 3128 participants were assessed for diabetes mellitus and shoulder complaints via questionnaires, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), physical assessment, blood sampling for fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1c levels.Results.Overall, 682 (21.8%) participants experienced shoulder pain and/or stiffness and 221 participants (7.1%) fulfilled criteria for diabetes mellitus. Those with diabetes had a higher prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness (27.9% vs 21.3%; p = 0.025), and poorer SPADI disability subscore (p = 0.01) and total SPADI score (p = 0.02). After controlling for age, sex, obesity, and current smoking, the prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness did not differ significantly between those with diabetes and those without (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.76–1.45), nor were there significant differences in the SPADI disability subscore (p = 0.39) or total SPADI score (p = 0.32) between the 2 groups. After adjustment for covariates, there was no association between higher levels of HbA1c and shoulder pain and/or stiffness (p > 0.8). Range of shoulder movement was significantly reduced in those with diabetes (p < 0.05).Conclusions.There is a higher prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness in people with diabetes mellitus. The differences observed between those with diabetes and those without can largely be explained by the confounding factors of age, sex, obesity, and current smoking.


2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Naylor

Abstract Aim During the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the BOA recommended that upper limb surgery for trauma should be avoided if possible, or performed as day-case if unavoidable, to reduce the risk of COVID-19 related negative outcomes. This audit assessed compliance with recommendations and impact on proportion of injuries managed conservatively due to COVID-19 risks, inpatient stay duration, COVID-19 infections, and corrective surgical intervention rates. Method Data was collected for all referrals to orthopaedics for upper limb fractures/dislocations at a large NHS teaching hospital in the North West over a 10-week period from April 4th to June 12th. Follow up was performed to 6 months after date of injury. Care was audited against the “British Orthopaedic Association Standard in Trauma: Management of patient with urgent orthopaedic conditions and trauma during the coronavirus pandemic”. Results A total of 112 patients were referred. 76% of patients were discharged from Emergency Department, with surgery indicated in 48%. Of those, 11% (n = 6) were not operated on due to COVID-19 risks and 1 patient from this group (16.7%) has required secondary corrective surgery. Surgery was completed as day-case procedure in 50%. COVID-19 swabs were not taken in 46% of referrals, 50% had a negative test and 4% positive. No patients tested positive after discharge following treatment. Conclusions Few cases were managed conservatively based on COVID-19 risk, and only 1 patient has required secondary surgery. More upper limb injuries may be managed conservatively, as per BOAST standards, with day-case procedures better utilised as an alternative.


2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Q Thompson ◽  
Olga Theou ◽  
Solomon Yu ◽  
Robert J Adams ◽  
Graeme R Tucker ◽  
...  

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