Amino acid substitutions and intron polymorphism of acetylcholinesterase1 associated with mevinphos resistance in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Chia Yeh ◽  
Chia-Li Lin ◽  
Cheng Chang ◽  
Hai-Tung Feng ◽  
Shu-Mei Dai
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Intron Polymorphism

scholarly journals Cloning and Characterization of the Crystal Protein-Encoding Gene of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. yunnanensis

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 408-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Periasamy Balasubramanian ◽  
R. Jayakumar ◽  
Prashant Shambharkar ◽  
N. Unnamalai ◽  
S. Karutha Pandian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Encoding Gene

ABSTRACT Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel cry gene, cry32Aa, of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. yunnanensis was carried out. The Cry32Aa protein was predicted to have a molecular mass of 139.2 kDa and was found to have an unusual 42-amino-acid-long tail at the C terminus. The cry32Aa gene was localized on the 103-MDa plasmid of the organism. Bioassays showed no toxicity against several moths and mosquitoes. However, it exhibited weak toxicity against larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella.

scholarly journals Chimeric Investigations into the Diamide Binding Site on the Lepidopteran Ryanodine Receptor

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13033
Author(s):  
Ewan Richardson ◽  
Bartek J. Troczka ◽  
Oliver Gutbrod ◽  
Ulrich Ebbinghaus-Kintscher ◽  
Martin S. Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Ryanodine Receptor ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Voltage Sensor ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Interaction Site ◽  
Main Site ◽  
Chimeric Construct

Alterations to amino acid residues G4946 and I4790, associated with resistance to diamide insecticides, suggests a location of diamide interaction within the pVSD voltage sensor-like domain of the insect ryanodine receptor (RyR). To further delineate the interaction site(s), targeted alterations were made within the same pVSD region on the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) RyR channel. The editing of five amino acid positions to match those found in the diamide insensitive skeletal RyR1 of humans (hRyR1) in order to generate a human–Plutella chimeric construct showed that these alterations strongly reduce diamide efficacy when introduced in combination but cause only minor reductions when introduced individually. It is concluded that the sites of diamide interaction on insect RyRs lie proximal to the voltage sensor-like domain of the RyR and that the main site of interaction is at residues K4700, Y4701, I4790 and S4919 in the S1 to S4 transmembrane domains.

Recombinant Variants of Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Containing Amino Acid Substitutions in the Finger Domain

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (06) ◽  
pp. 672-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Yahara ◽  
Keiji Matsumoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Maruyama ◽  
Tetsuya Nagaoka ◽  
Yasuhiro Ikenaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Plasma Clot ◽  
Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator

SummaryTissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) is a fibrin-specific agent which has been used to treat acute myocardial infarction. In an attempt to clarify the determinants for its rapid clearance in vivo and high affinity for fibrin clots, we produced five variants containing amino acid substitutions in the finger domain, at amino acid residues 7–9, 10–14, 15–19, 28–33, and 37–42. All the variants had a prolonged half-life and a decreased affinity for fibrin of various degrees. The 37–42 variant demonstrated about a 6-fold longer half-life with a lower affinity for fibrin. Human plasma clot lysis assay estimated the fibrinolytic activity of the 37–42 variant to be 1.4-fold less effective than that of the wild-type rt-PA. In a rabbit jugular vein clot lysis model, doses of 1.0 and 0.15 mg/kg were required for about 70% lysis in the wild-type and 37–42 variant, respectively. Fibrinogen was degraded only when the wild-type rt-PA was administered at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg. These findings suggest that the 37–42 variant can be employed at a lower dosage and that it is a more fibrin-specific thrombolytic agent than the wild-type rt-PA.

Effects of rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Robson Thomaz Thuler ◽  
Fernando Henrique Iost Filho ◽  
Hamilton César De Oliveira Charlo ◽  
Sergio Antônio De Bortoli
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
Kluyvera Ascorbata ◽  
And Behavior

Plant induced resistance is a tool for integrated pest management, aimed at increasing plant defense against stress, which is compatible with other techniques. Rhizobacteria act in the plant through metabolic changes and may have direct effects on plant-feeding insects. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of cabbage plants inoculated with rhizobacteria on the biology and behavior of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Cabbage seeds inoculated with 12 rhizobacteria strains were sowed in polystyrene trays and later transplanted into the greenhouse. The cabbage plants with sufficient size to support stress were then infested with diamondback moth caterpillars. Later, healthy leaves suffering injuries were collected and taken to the laboratory to feed P. xylostella second instar caterpillars that were evaluated for larval and pupal viability and duration, pupal weight, and sex ratio. The reduction of leaf area was then calculated as a measure of the amount of larval feeding. Non-preference for feeding and oviposition assays were also performed, by comparing the control treatment and plants inoculated with different rhizobacterial strains. Plants inoculated with the strains EN4 of Kluyvera ascorbata and HPF14 of Bacillus thuringiensis negatively affected the biological characteristics of P. xylostella when such traits were evaluated together, without directly affecting the insect behavior.

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