scholarly journals Long-term effects of a ten-year osteoporosis intervention program in a Swedish population—A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Ann-Charlotte Grahn Kronhed ◽  
Helena Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on disease recognition and utilisation of healthcare services in the older population in German: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Michalowsky ◽  
Wolfgang Hoffmann ◽  
Jens Bohlken ◽  
Karel Kostev
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background There is little evidence about the utilisation of healthcare services and disease recognition in the older population, which was urged to self-isolate during the COVID-19 lockdown. Objectives We aimed to describe the utilisation of physician consultations, specialist referrals, hospital admissions and the recognition of incident diseases in Germany for this age group during the COVID-19 lockdown. Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting 1,095 general practitioners (GPs) and 960 specialist practices in Germany. Subjects 2.45 million older patients aged 65 or older. Methods The number of documented physician consultations, specialist referrals, hospital admissions and incident diagnoses during the imposed lockdown in 2020 was descriptively analysed and compared to 2019. Results Physician consultations decrease slightly in February (−2%), increase before the imposed lockdown in March (+9%) and decline in April (−18%) and May (−14%) 2020 compared to the same periods in 2019. Volumes of hospital admissions decrease earlier and more intensely than physician consultations (−39 versus −6%, respectively). Overall, 15, 16 and 18% fewer incident diagnoses were documented by GPs, neurologists and diabetologists, respectively, in 2020. Diabetes, dementia, depression, cancer and stroke were diagnosed less frequently during the lockdown (−17 to −26%), meaning that the decrease in the recognition of diseases was greater than the decrease in physician consultations. Conclusion The data suggest that organisational changes were adopted quickly by practice management but also raise concerns about the maintenance of routine care. Prospective studies should evaluate the long-term effects of lockdowns on patient-related outcomes.

scholarly journals The long-term effects of occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer on microcirculation: a cross-sectional study 15 years after retirement

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e002785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Lopez ◽  
Alain Chamoux ◽  
Marion Tempier ◽  
Hélène Thiel ◽  
Sylvie Ughetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Long-term Effects of Adolescent Sport Concussion Across the Age Spectrum

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1420-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas N. Martini ◽  
James T. Eckner ◽  
Sean K. Meehan ◽  
Steven P. Broglio
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
P Values ◽  
Sport Concussion ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Auditory Tasks

Background: Research in sport concussion has increased greatly over the previous decade due to increased scientific interest as well as the media and political spotlight that has been cast on this injury. However, a dearth of literature is available regarding the long-term (>1 year after concussion) effects of adolescent concussion on cognitive and motor performance of high school athletes. Purpose: To evaluate the potential for long-term effects of concussion sustained during high school on cognitive and motor performance across the lifespan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Adults with (n = 30) and without (n = 53) a concussion history were recruited in 3 age groups: younger (18-30 years; n = 43), middle-aged (40-50 years; n = 18), and older (≥60 years; n = 22). Each participant completed a computerized neurocognitive assessment and continuous tracking and discrete temporal auditory tasks with the hand and foot. Root mean squared error and timing variability were derived from the tracking and temporal auditory tasks, respectively. Data were analyzed by regression analyses for each recorded variable. Results: The analysis revealed significant age effects on neurocognitive task, continuous tracking task, and discrete auditory timing task performance ( P values < .05). No concussion history or interaction (concussion history by age) effects were found for performance on any task ( P values > .05). Conclusion: While longitudinal investigations are still needed, this cross-sectional study failed to identify any observable effect of adolescent concussion history on cognition or motor performance with age.

scholarly journals Association between Household Exposure to Secondhand Smoke and Dental Caries among Japanese Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8623
Author(s):  
Hikari Saho ◽  
Ayano Taniguchi-Tabata ◽  
Daisuke Ekuni ◽  
Aya Yokoi ◽  
Kouta Kataoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Four Levels

The long-term effects of secondhand smoke (SHS) on dental caries among Japanese young adults remain unclear. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate whether household exposure to SHS is associated with dental caries in permanent dentition among Japanese young adults. The study sample included 1905 first-year university students (age range: 18–19 years) who answered a questionnaire and participated in oral examinations. The degree of household exposure to SHS was categorized into four levels according to the SHS duration: no experience (−), past, current SHS < 10 years, and current SHS ≥ 10 years. Dental caries are expressed as the total number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) score. The relationships between SHS and dental caries were determined by logistic regression analysis. DMFT scores (median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)) were significantly higher in the current SHS ≥ 10 years (median: 1.0 (0.0, 3.0)) than in the SHS—(median: 0.0 (0.0, 2.0)); p = 0.001). DMFT ≥ 1 was significantly associated with SHS ≥ 10 years (adjusted odds ratio: 1.50, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–1.87, p < 0.001). Long-term exposure to SHS (≥10 years) was associated with dental caries in permanent dentition among Japanese young adults.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study on the Impacts of Perceived Job Value, Job Maintenance, and Social Support on Burnout among Long-Term Care Staff in Hawaii

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Bum Jung Kim ◽  
Sun-young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Impact

Extensive research has demonstrated the factors that influence burnout among social service employees, yet few studies have explored burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii. This study aimed to examine the impact of job value, job maintenance, and social support on burnout of staff in long-term care settings in Hawaii, USA. This cross-sectional study included 170 long-term care staff, aged 20 to 75 years, in Hawaii. Hierarchical regression was employed to explore the relationships between the key independent variables and burnout. The results indicate that staff with a higher level of perceived job value, those who expressed a willingness to continue working in the same job, and those with strong social support from supervisors or peers are less likely to experience burnout. Interventions aimed at decreasing the level of burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii may be more effective through culturally tailored programs aimed to increase the levels of job value, job maintenance, and social support.

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