Brassica oleracea resistance-related proteins identified at an early stage of black rot disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Gonzaga Ribeiro ◽  
Gabriela Corassa Rodrigues da Cunha ◽  
Cristiane dos Santos ◽  
Luciano Paulino Silva ◽  
Osmundo Brilhante de Oliveira Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Related Proteins

New source of black rot disease resistance in Brassica oleracea and genetic analysis of resistance

Euphytica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Saha ◽  
Pritam Kalia ◽  
Munish Sharma ◽  
Dinesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Early Defense Mechanisms of Brassica oleracea in Response to Attack by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2705
Author(s):  
Lu Lu ◽  
Sokrat G. Monakhos ◽  
Yong Pyo Lim ◽  
So Young Yi
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Induced Expression ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

Black rot disease, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), results in significant yield losses in Brassica oleracea crops worldwide. To find black rot disease-resistant cabbage lines, we carried out pathogenicity assays using the scissor-clipping method in 94 different B. oleracea lines. By comparing the lesion areas, we selected a relatively resistant line, Black rot Resistance 155 (BR155), and a highly susceptible line, SC31. We compared the two cabbage lines for the Xcc-induced expression pattern of 13 defense-related genes. Among them, the Xcc-induced expression level of PR1 and antioxidant-related genes (SOD, POD, APX, Trx H, and CHI) were more than two times higher in BR155 than SC31. Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB) staining analysis showed that BR155 accumulated less Xcc-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) than did SC31. In addition, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays showed that BR155 had higher antioxidant activity than SC31. This study, focused on the defense responses of cabbage during the early biotrophic stage of infection, indicated that Xcc-induced ROS might play a role in black rot disease development. We suggest that non-enzymatic antioxidants are important, particularly in the early defense mechanisms of cabbage against Xcc.

Vascular stem resistance to black rot in Brassica oleracea

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ignatov ◽  
Y Kuginuki ◽  
K Hida
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Alternative Mechanism ◽  
Stem Resistance ◽  
Systemic Spread ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

The stem vascular system of several accessions of cultivated Brassica oleracea L. showed resistance to black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pammel) Dowson. Resistance prevented systemic spread of the pathogen in the vascular system of stem. It was race nonspecific and effective at the early stage of seedling growth. A major dominant gene (Rs; resistant in stem), responsible for expression of compete stem resistance in adult plants (more than six true leaves), was found in a Chinese kale line SR1. At least one more dominant gene with additive interaction was necessary to provide complete resistance in seedlings. In progeny of a cross with a cabbage line PI436606, kale SR1 stem resistance segregated independently of race-specific resistance from a PI436606. It can be considered as an alternative mechanism of plant defense, and a highly valuable feature for crops systemically infected by black rot during propagation in commercial nurseries.Key words: black rot, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Brassica oleracea, disease resistance, cabbage, kale, broccoli.

scholarly journals Black Rot Disease Decreases Young Brassica oleracea Plants’ Biomass but Has No Effect in Adult Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Carmen Vega-Álvarez ◽  
Marta Francisco ◽  
Pilar Soengas
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adult Plants

Black rot disease, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Pammel) Dowson (Xcc), causes important yield losses in Brassica oleracea L. crops worldwide. In temperate areas, yield losses are mostly due to the discarding of those plants showing chlorotic and necrotic lesions, since they may be unmarketable. However, the biomass loss caused by the diversion of resources from the primary to the secondary defense metabolism could also affect the final crop yield. In this work, we have focused on studying the impact of Xcc race 1 invasion on the biomass production of young and adult B. oleracea plants. The results have shown that Xcc infection reduces biomass and photosynthesis in the aerial parts of seedlings and modifies their water percentage in a time-dependent manner. When adult plants were inoculated in the field, no effect was detected on the leaves or the biomass of marketable products. This was probably due to a better immune response when compared to seedlings. Since the first developmental stages of B. oleracea crops are especially vulnerable to Xcc, plant disease control should be increased in order to avoid yield losses of marketable products at the adult stage.

Effect of Ozone onAspergillus nigerCausing Black Rot Disease in Onion

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Vijayanandraj ◽  
D. Nagendra Prasad ◽  
N. Mohan ◽  
M. Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Black Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Application of Bacillus pumilus isolates for management of black rot disease in strawberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Abd-El-Kareem ◽  
Ibrahim E. Elshahawy ◽  
Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Growth Area ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Black root rot of strawberry plants caused by Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, and Pythium sp. is a serious disease in Egypt. Biocontrol agents have frequently proved to possess paramount and safe tools against many diseases. The impact of soil treatments with 3 Bacillus pumilus isolates on black root rot disease of strawberry plants caused by R. solani, F., and Pythium sp. under laboratory and field conditions was examined herein on the commonly used ‘Festival’ strawberry cultivar. To increase the bacterial adhesion and distribution on the roots, each seedling was dipped in bacterial cell suspension at 1 × 108 colony-forming units/ml of each separate bacterial isolate for 30 min then mixed with 5% Arabic gum. Results The tested B. pumilus isolates significantly reduced the growth area of these 3 fungi. The two bacterial isolates Nos. 2 and 3 reduced the growth area by more than 85.2, 83.6, and 89.0% for R. solani, F. solani, and Pythium sp., respectively. Likewise, the 3 bacterial isolates significantly (P ≤ 0.05) inhibited the disease under field conditions. Isolates Nos. 2 and 3 suppressed the disease incidence by 64.4 and 68.9% and disease severity by 65.3 and 67.3%, respectively. The fungicide Actamyl had effect similar to that of the 2 isolates. B. pumilus isolates significantly enhanced growth parameters and yields of strawberry plants; isolates Nos. 2 and 3 raised the yield by 66.7 and 73.3%, respectively. Conclusions Bacillus pumilus isolates could effectively manage the black rot disease in strawberry herein. Due to the significant impact of the root rot disease on strawberry yield, B. pumilus should be further tested to manage the disease on strawberry on large scale in Egypt.

scholarly journals Plasma-borne indicators of inflammasome activity in Parkinson’s disease patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith L. Anderson ◽  
Katharine M. von Herrmann ◽  
Angeline S. Andrew ◽  
Yuliya I. Kuras ◽  
Alison L. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Inflammasome Activity

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms and loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. Inflammation and cell death are recognized aspects of PD suggesting that strategies to monitor and modify these processes may improve the management of the disease. Inflammasomes are pro-inflammatory intracellular pattern recognition complexes that couple these processes. The NLRP3 inflammasome responds to sterile triggers to initiate pro-inflammatory processes characterized by maturation of inflammatory cytokines, cytoplasmic membrane pore formation, vesicular shedding, and if unresolved, pyroptotic cell death. Histologic analysis of tissues from PD patients and individuals with nigral cell loss but no diagnosis of PD identified elevated expression of inflammasome-related proteins and activation-related “speck” formation in degenerating mesencephalic tissues compared with controls. Based on previous reports of circulating inflammasome proteins in patients suffering from heritable syndromes caused by hyper-activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, we evaluated PD patient plasma for evidence of inflammasome activity. Multiple circulating inflammasome proteins were detected almost exclusively in extracellular vesicles indicative of ongoing inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. Analysis of plasma obtained from a multi-center cohort identified elevated plasma-borne NLRP3 associated with PD status. Our findings are consistent with others indicating inflammasome activity in neurodegenerative disorders. Findings suggest mesencephalic inflammasome protein expression as a histopathologic marker of early-stage nigral degeneration and suggest plasma-borne inflammasome-related proteins as a potentially useful class of biomarkers for patient stratification and the detection and monitoring of inflammation in PD.

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