Age-Related Changes in Morphology and Function of Scapular Muscles in Asymptomatic People

PM&R ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 892-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhei Morise ◽  
Takayuki Muraki ◽  
Hiroaki Ishikawa ◽  
Shin-Ichi Izumi
Keyword(s):  
Age Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Physical activity in elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Cvecka ◽  
Veronika Tirpakova ◽  
Milan Sedliak ◽  
Helmut Kern ◽  
Winfried Mayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Irreversible Process ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Aging is a multifactorial irreversible process associated with significant decline in muscle mass and neuromuscular functions. One of the most efficient methods to counteract age-related changes in muscle mass and function is physical exercise. An alternative effective intervention to improve muscle structure and performance is electrical stimulation. In the present work we present the positive effects of physical activity in elderly and a study where the effects of a 8-week period of functional electrical stimulation and strength training with proprioceptive stimulation in elderly are compared.

scholarly journals Regenerative Medicine Approaches for Age-Related Muscle Loss and Sarcopenia: A Mini-Review

Gerontology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Naranjo ◽  
Jenna L. Dziki ◽  
Stephen F. Badylak
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Sarcopenia is a complex and multifactorial disease that includes a decrease in the number, structure and physiology of muscle fibers, and age-related muscle mass loss, and is associated with loss of strength, increased frailty, and increased risk for fractures and falls. Treatment options are suboptimal and consist of exercise and nutrition as the cornerstone of therapy. Current treatment principles involve identification and modification of risk factors to prevent the disease, but these efforts are of limited value to the elderly individuals currently affected by sarcopenia. The development of new and effective therapies for sarcopenia is challenging. Potential therapies can target one or more of the proposed multiple etiologies such as the loss of regenerative capacity of muscle, age-related changes in the expression of signaling molecules such as growth hormone, IGF-1, myostatin, and other endocrine signaling molecules, and age-related changes in muscle physiology like denervation and mitochondrial dysfunction. The present paper reviews regenerative medicine strategies that seek to restore adequate skeletal muscle structure and function including exogenous delivery of cells and pharmacological therapies to induce myogenesis or reverse the physiologic changes that result in the disease. Approaches that modify the microenvironment to provide an environment conducive to reversal and mitigation of the disease represent a potential regenerative medicine approach that is discussed herein.

scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in Thymic Central Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayashree Srinivasan ◽  
Jessica N. Lancaster ◽  
Nandini Singarapu ◽  
Laura P. Hale ◽  
Lauren I. R. Ehrlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Central Tolerance ◽  
Adult Transition ◽  
Treg Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Age Related Changes

Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and hematopoietic antigen presenting cells (HAPCs) in the thymus microenvironment provide essential signals to self-reactive thymocytes that induce either negative selection or generation of regulatory T cells (Treg), both of which are required to establish and maintain central tolerance throughout life. HAPCs and TECs are comprised of multiple subsets that play distinct and overlapping roles in central tolerance. Changes that occur in the composition and function of TEC and HAPC subsets across the lifespan have potential consequences for central tolerance. In keeping with this possibility, there are age-associated changes in the cellular composition and function of T cells and Treg. This review summarizes changes in T cell and Treg function during the perinatal to adult transition and in the course of normal aging, and relates these changes to age-associated alterations in thymic HAPC and TEC subsets.

Neuroimaging Approaches for Elderly Studies

2017 ◽  
pp. 1576-1617
Author(s):  
Charis Styliadis ◽  
Panagiotis Kartsidis ◽  
Evangelos Paraskevopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Cerebral Structure ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Elderly Populations ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Advances in the field of neuroimaging have allowed for the examination of the effects of age-related changes on cognitive capacity in elderly populations. Structural techniques are now routinely used to report cortical atrophic rates in aging and particularly within the context of the Alzheimer's disease, and may be integrated with functional techniques which examine the functional characteristics of the cortex at rest and during the performance of a task. Despite advancing age cognitive function remains highly plastic, allowing for interventions that aim to maintain or even remediate its capacity and the mechanisms by which structure and function are altered among seniors. Overall, information on the integrity of the cerebral structure and function aid in the early detection and treatment of the Alzheimer's disease as well as the evaluation and track of the disease's progression. In this chapter, neuroimaging methods are presented along with findings that are particularly relevant for the study of neuroplasticity in the aging brain.

Managing expectations: How stress, social support, and aging attitudes affect awareness of age-related changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 986-1007
Author(s):  
Erica L. O’Brien ◽  
Neika Sharifian
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aging Attitudes ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk ◽  
And Function ◽  
Gains And Losses ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Age Related Changes

The degree to which social support (SS) moderates the effects of stress on self-perceptions of aging may depend on individual differences in general aging attitudes. We examined how stress, different types of SS, and general expectations regarding aging (ERA) affect awareness of age-related changes (AARCs). The sample included 137 adults (21–76 years; 56.2% women) who took an online survey on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Regression analyses showed differential moderation of stress effects due to ERA and the SS measure (perceived and received) and function (emotional and instrumental). Received emotional SS was only associated with AARC losses, whereas perceived support—both emotional and instrumental—was associated with AARC gains and losses. Findings may help guide future work aimed at promoting health and well-being in adulthood.

scholarly journals Age-related changes in retrobulbar circulation: a literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta P. Wiącek ◽  
Monika Modrzejewska ◽  
Daniel Zaborski
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Colour Doppler Imaging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Retrobulbar Blood Flow ◽  
Circulation Parameters ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract Introduction The advances in research methods used in ophthalmology allow for an increasingly accurate examination of the eyes, as well as the morphology and function of the vessels. Colour Doppler imaging is still the first-line method for the analysis of parameters of retrobulbar circulation. Therefore, the aim of this work was to present the current state of knowledge about anatomical and functional age-related changes in retrobulbar arteries. Methods A literature search was performed mainly based on the PubMed database. Results The anatomy of retrobulbar arteries, histological background of age-related vascular changes, age-related changes in retrobulbar blood flow in the ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, short posterior ciliary arteries, and the reference values for the age-dependent retrobulbar circulation parameters measured by colour Doppler imaging are discussed in this review. Conclusion The age of the subject should always be taken into account when interpreting the parameters of retrobulbar blood flow measured by colour Doppler imaging.

Age-related changes of mitochondrial structure and function in Caenorhabditis elegans

2006 ◽  
Vol 127 (10) ◽  
pp. 763-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayo Yasuda ◽  
Takamasa Ishii ◽  
Hitoshi Suda ◽  
Akira Akatsuka ◽  
Philip S. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Structure ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes
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