Water-assisted compounding of cellulose nanocrystals into polyamide 6 for use as a nucleating agent for microcellular foaming

In this study, the vibration and sound response characteristics of composites produced via injection molding applied with a microcellular foaming process (MCPs) were improved. The study was conducted using PA6 and glass fiber composites, which are representative thermoplastic engineering plastics. Two types of specimens were used: a plate specimen to confirm the basic sound and vibration characteristics, and a large roof-rack specimen from an actual vehicle with a complex shape. The frequency response function curve was calculated by conducting an impact test, and natural frequency and damping ratio were measured based on the curve. The results confirmed that, in the case of a specimen manufactured through the injection molding process to which MCPs were applied, the natural frequency was lowered, and the damping ratio decreased. The degree of change in the natural frequency and damping ratio was confirmed. To determine the cause of the change in the natural frequency and damping ratio, the mode shape at the natural frequency of each specimen was measured and the relationship was confirmed by measuring the density and the elastic modulus of the composite. In addition, the usability of the specimens to which MCPs were applied was verified by conducting impact strength and tensile strength tests.

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Modification of iPP microcellular foaming behavior by thermal history control and nucleating agent at compressed CO2

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids ◽

10.1016/j.supflu.2017.11.003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 133 ◽

pp. 383-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Xiaoli Zhang ◽

Benwei Li ◽

Xihuan Wang ◽

Kun Li ◽

Gang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal History ◽

Nucleating Agent ◽

Microcellular Foaming ◽

Foaming Behavior

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A New Promising Nucleating Agent for Polymer Foaming: Applications of Ordered Mesoporous Silica Particles in Polymethyl Methacrylate Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Microcellular Foaming

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ◽

10.1021/ie4018447 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (39) ◽

pp. 14169-14178 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Jintao Yang ◽

Lingqi Huang ◽

Yuefang Zhang ◽

Feng Chen ◽

Ping Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽

Mesoporous Silica ◽

Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽

Nucleating Agent ◽

Silica Particles ◽

Ordered Mesoporous Silica ◽

Microcellular Foaming ◽

Ordered Mesoporous ◽

Polymer Foaming

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A new promising nucleating agent for polymer foaming: effects of hollow molecular-sieve particles on polypropylene supercritical CO2 microcellular foaming

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c8ra03071e ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (36) ◽

pp. 20061-20067 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Chenguang Yang ◽

Mouhua Wang ◽

Zhe Xing ◽

Quan Zhao ◽

Minglei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Molecular Sieve ◽

Supercritical Co2 ◽

Nucleating Agent ◽

Microcellular Foaming ◽

Polymer Foaming

Hollow molecular-sieve particles were applied as a new nucleating agent in preparing PP foam with outstanding mechanical properties by using scCO2.

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A New Strategy for the Use of Post-Processing Vacuum Bags from Aerospace Supplies: Nucleating Agent to LLDPE Phase in PA6/LLDPE Blends

Recycling ◽

10.3390/recycling4020018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Gabriel Portilho Monteiro de Souza ◽

Erick Gabriel Ribeiro dos Anjos ◽

Larissa Stieven Montagna ◽

Orestes Ferro ◽

Fabio Roberto Passador

Keyword(s):

Plastic Material ◽

Low Cost ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Nucleating Agent ◽

Polyamide 6 ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Post Processing ◽

Crystallinity Degree ◽

New Strategy ◽

Twin Screw

In the aerospace industry, many composite parts are manufactured by processes using plastic vacuum bags made of polyamide 6 (PA6) as a consumable material. This implies that after demolding the part, this plastic material should be discarded, generating a considerable amount of waste. Tons of vacuum bags are discarded and incinerated per month by several companies in this sector, which highlights the need to recycle and/or reuse this material. PA6/linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) blends are of great technological interest because they can combine the excellent thermo-mechanical and oxygen barrier properties of the PA6 with high impact strength, good processability, and low cost of LLDPE. The replacement of neat PA6 by the post-processing vacuum bags residue PA6 may be a new strategy for the recycling of this material. In this work, PA6/LLDPE/maleic anhydride-grafted LLDPE (LLDPE-g-MA) (90/5/5) blends were prepared using a co-rotational twin-screw extruder and the neat PA6 was replaced by different contents of post-processing PA6 (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.%). The mechanical, thermal, and morphological characterization was evaluated. The increase in the content of post-processing PA6 caused an increase in the crystallinity degree of the LLDPE phase, acting as a nucleating agent to the LLDPE phase, reducing the toughening effect of this phase in the blends and, therefore, providing this phase to act as a reinforcing agent.

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Influence of heat treatment on the structure and properties of polyamide 6/ halloysite nanocomposites

Archives of Mechanical Technology and Materials ◽

10.2478/amtm-2019-0002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 7-10

Author(s):

Kinga Mencel ◽

Łukasz Kemnitz

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Silicone Oil ◽

Annealing Treatment ◽

Nucleating Agent ◽

Polyamide 6 ◽

Weight Percent ◽

Halloysite Nanotubes ◽

Standard Test ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Twin Screw

Abstract The nanocomposites of polyamide 6 (PA6) with halloysite nanotubes (HNT) were prepared by extrusion using co-rotating twin-screw extruder and then the standard test specimens were injected using a screw injection moulding machine. The content of HNT in the nanocomposites was 5 or 10 weight percent. The heat treatment of unmodified PA6 and nanocomposites was carried out in silicone oil in temp. 150±2°C. The samples were annealed for 3 hours and then cooled at a rate of 4 K/min. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) causes annealing to increase the crystallinity of the polyamide matrix. After an annealing treatment a nanocomposite with better mechanical properties was obtained. Halloysite nanotubes in polyamide matrix play the role of a nucleating agent.

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Significantly Enhanced Crystallization of Poly(ethylene succinate-co-1,2-propylene succinate) by Cellulose Nanocrystals as an Efficient Nucleating Agent

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym14020224 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 224

Author(s):

Siyu Pan ◽

Zhiguo Jiang ◽

Zhaobin Qiu

Keyword(s):

Crystal Structure ◽

Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽

Crystallization Behavior ◽

Crystallization Process ◽

Crystallization Rate ◽

Nucleating Agent ◽

Melt Crystallization ◽

Crystalline Morphology ◽

Poly Ethylene

Poly(ethylene succinate-co-1,2-propylene succinate) (PEPS) is a novel aliphatic biodegradable polyester with good mechanical properties. Due to the presence of methyl as a side group, the crystallization rate of PEPS is remarkably slower than that of the poly(ethylene succinate) homopolymer. To promote the potential application of PEPS, the effect of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) on the crystallization behavior, crystalline morphology, and crystal structure of PEPS was investigated in this research with the aim of increasing the crystallization rate. CNC enhanced both the melt crystallization behavior of PEPS during the cooling process and the overall crystallization rate during the isothermal crystallization process. The crystallization rate of PEPS became faster with an increase in CNC content. The crystalline morphology study directly confirmed the heterogeneous nucleating agent role of CNC. The crystal structure of PEPS remained unchanged in the composites. On the basis of the interfacial energy, the nucleation mechanism of PEPS in the composites was further discussed by taking into consideration the induction of CNC.

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