Tobacco control – An integral component of the national action plan on non communicable diseases in Pakistan

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sania Nishtar ◽  
Ehsan Lateef
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
National Action Plan ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Integral Component

scholarly journals National action plan for non-communicable diseases prevention and control in Iran; a response to emerging epidemic

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloofar Peykari ◽  
Hassan Hashemi ◽  
Rasoul Dinarvand ◽  
Mohammad Haji-Aghajani ◽  
Reza Malekzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
National Action Plan ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Rising prevalence of diabetes: evidence from the national registry in North Macedonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Stamenova ◽  
G Stevanovski ◽  
M Spasovski
Keyword(s):  
Late Onset ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Integrated Reporting ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background Disease reporting and data collection are key tools for the health care systems in order to identify opportunities to address burden of diseases. The country’s diabetes patients register was the first registry to be integrated with the e-health system in North Macedonia in 2017. We aimed to estimate type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence and effectiveness of diabetes control as one of the proposed national priorities in tackling the non-communicable diseases. Methods Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on patients entered in the National Diabetes Register in 2017/2018. Patients’ socio-demographic and anthropometric characteristics in association with diabetes’ complications and outcomes were determined by Pearson correlation coefficient (P < 0.0001, 95% CI). Results This study identified a total of 35541 patients with a diagnosis of diabetes, out of which 32888 with type 2. This corresponds to a prevalence rate of 1583.9 per 100,000 population. The prevalence increased with age (65+) and was higher among females than males (56.8% vs. 43.2%). Over 80% of type 2 patients were overweight out of which 34.5% obese (BMI>30kg/m2). Diabetic retinopathy is reported as first diagnosed complication in diabetic patients, followed by neuropathies and vascular complications. Patient’s low level of education and higher BMI were associated with increased number of early and late-onset complications. Conclusions Evidence accumulating suggests high burden of complications in type 2 diabetic patients, indicating that the patients understanding of diabetes care, treatment adherence and healthy lifestyle are important topics to be address by health professionals in order to avoid complications and premature deaths in people with diabetes. Key messages Integrated reporting of non-communicable diseases and risk factors is needed to complete current information gaps, from completeness of data to quality and comparability. The action plan for chronic diseases should specifically address diabetes control, as most of the patients with diabetes have high prevalence of comorbidities, complications and unfortunate outcomes.

Bridging the gap between science and public health: taking advantage of tobacco control experience in Brazil to inform policies to counter risk factors for non-communicable diseases

Addiction ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 1360-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Luiza da Costa e Silva ◽  
Daniela Pantani ◽  
Mônica Andreis ◽  
Robert Sparks ◽  
Ilana Pinsky
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Trends in premature mortality due to chronic non-communicable diseases in Brazilian federal units

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Guimarães Alves ◽  
Otaliba Libânio de Morais Neto
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have a high mortality rate, mainly in lower and middle income countries. The major groups are cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic respiratory disease (CRD), cancer and diabetes. The Action Plan to reduce NCDs in Brazil, 2011-2022 established a 2% yearly reduction in the NCD premature mortality rate as a goal. The aim of the study was to analyze trends in premature mortality rates and also show goal achievement scenarios for each Federal Unit (FU). A time series analysis of the standardized mortality rate between2000-2011 was performed using the linear regression model. The average annual rate of increase and the 95% confidence interval were estimated. Each FU was classified as being likely or unlikely to achieve the goal. The FUs likely to achieve the goal were: for CVD - Federal District, Santa Catarina, Mato Grosso, Rio Grande do Sul, Minas Gerais, Bahia, Espírito Santo and Paraná states; for CRD - Amazonas, Federal District and Paraná. For neoplasms and diabetes, none of the FUs are likely to achieve the goal. The articulation of the three levels of government will allow the strengthening of interventions to reduce the determinants of NCDs and to improve access and quality in health care.

scholarly journals The process of prioritization of non-communicable diseases in the global health policy arena

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 370-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Heller ◽  
Claire Somerville ◽  
L Suzanne Suggs ◽  
Sarah Lachat ◽  
Julianne Piper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Policy Community ◽  
Political Priority

Abstract Although non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, the global policy response has not been commensurate with their health, economic and social burden. This study examined factors facilitating and hampering the prioritization of NCDs on the United Nations (UN) health agenda. Shiffman and Smith’s (Generation of political priority for global health initiatives: a framework and case study of maternal mortality. The Lancet 370: 1370–9.) political priority framework served as a structure for analysis of a review of NCD policy documents identified through the World Health Organization’s (WHO) NCD Global Action Plan 2013–20, and complemented by 11 semi-structured interviews with key informants from different sectors. The results show that a cohesive policy community exists, and leaders are present, however, actor power does not extend beyond the health sector and the role of guiding institutions and civil society have only recently gained momentum. The framing of NCDs as four risk factors and four diseases does not necessarily resonate with experts from the larger policy community, but the economic argument seems to have enabled some traction to be gained. While many policy windows have occurred, their impact has been limited by the institutional constraints of the WHO. Credible indicators and effective interventions exist, but their applicability globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries, is questionable. To be effective, the NCD movement needs to expand beyond global health experts, foster civil society and develop a broader and more inclusive global governance structure. Applying the Shiffman and Smith framework for NCDs enabled different elements of how NCDs were able to get on the UN policy agenda to be disentangled. Much work has been done to frame the challenges and solutions, but implementation processes and their applicability remain challenging globally. NCD responses need to be adapted to local contexts, focus sufficiently on both prevention and management of disease, and have a stronger global governance structure.

scholarly journals The International Society for Behavioral Medicine (ISBM) and the Society of Behavioral Medicine (SBM) advocate for the inclusion of behavioral scientists in the implementation of the Global Action Plan for the prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Odukoya ◽  
Rina S Fox ◽  
Laura L Hayman ◽  
Frank J Penedo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Behavioral Medicine ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Global Action Plan

Abstract Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death and disability in the world with the majority of deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The financial implications of disease and disability due to NCDs, combined with the costs of long-term management, are major causes of impoverishment and serve as barriers to socio-economic development. The transition from infectious diseases to NCDs as leading causes of mortality in LMICs is driven by several factors, primarily increasing globalization, urbanization, ageing of populations and economic development. Responding to these challenges will require local and comprehensive primary and secondary prevention efforts. The World Health Organization’s Global Action Plan provides a road map and an array of policy options to achieve nine voluntary global targets by 2025. The primary responsibility of governments in responding to the challenge of NCDs includes international scientific cooperation to support national and local efforts. The implementation of such efforts to prioritize the prevention of NCDs will create an environment in which the rising trend of the NCD burden could be potentially halted and reversed. When developing NCD policies, stakeholders should consider evidence-based strategies which can be implemented by multidisciplinary teams that are led or have the participation of behavioral medicine scientists. Behavioral medicine strategies should be incorporated into the policy and intervention framework developed to target NCDs in LMICs.

scholarly journals Investor-State Dispute Settlement and Tobacco Control: Implications for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Consumption-Control Measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Plain Packaging ◽  
Philip Morris ◽  
Consumption Control

Public health advocates and policy makers have long considered how to translate the successes of tobacco control measures to address alcohol abuse and the excessive consumption of ultra-processed and nutrient-poor foods. Correspondingly, the strategies adopted by tobacco companies to prevent or delay regulation often parallel those adopted by the alcohol and food industries. Philip Morris, a leading tobacco company, has recently used investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) mechanisms as a new strategy to hinder or prevent tobacco control measures in the form of plain packaging requirements. The cases that followed may have implications for the development of novel consumption-control measures, like plain packaging laws, aimed at preventing non-communicable diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. This paper considers how the challenges to tobacco control measures through ISDS mechanisms could affect the development of consumption-control measures aimed at reducing alcohol abuse and unhealthy food consumption for non-communicable disease prevention. Using the recent ISDS challenges by Philip Morris as case studies, this paper draws out lessons and issues for the future development of consumption-control measures.

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