Diagnostic performance characteristics of a rapid field test for anthrax in cattle

Abstract Background : Presently, all malaria diagnostic methods like: microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDT) are invasive as they depend on blood samples for malaria diagnosis. Hence this study was aimed at comparing the diagnostic performance characteristics of the novel Urine Malaria Test (UMT) to the currently used Blood RDT, and to find out the efficacy of this UMT in detecting low parasitaemia in the study population. Methodology : A cross sectional study involving 200 febrile participants, with no signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and kidney diseases, no history of hematuria, >15/µl leucocytes and urobilinogens of > 1 mg/dl in their urine, were recruited from the month of April to August 2017 in the Limbe and Buea Regional Hospitals. The main samples requested for analyses were urine and blood. Results : Using the blood smear microscopy as standard, out of the 200 participants, 93 (46.5%) were positive for P . malaria. UMT had a sensitivity and specificity of 82.41% and 83.48 while that of RDT was 84.09% and 83.03 respectively falciparum (CI: 72.80 to 92.05%, Kappa 0.665, p =0.001). The UMT had a lowest limit of detection of 140 parasites/μl which was similar to RDT. The PPV and NPV of UMT and RDT were (81.74% and 85.98%) and (80.04% and 87.28%), respectively. There was a close agreement between the RDT and UMT when compared to microscopy (83.5% and 83.0% respectively). Conclusion : The UMT kit that was evaluated in comparison to the blood based RDT, showed a lot of similarities using the blood smear microscopy as gold standard. Hence, it can be recommended for the prompt and accurate diagnosis of malaria in febrile patients.

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An evaluation of the diagnostic performance characteristics of the Yellow Fever IgM immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic test kit from SD Biosensor in Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0262312 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. e0262312

Author(s):

Lawrence Henry Ofosu-Appiah ◽

Dodzi Kofi Amelor ◽

Bright Ayensu ◽

Ernest Akyereko ◽

Nafisah Issah Rabiwu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Test ◽

Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽

Yellow Fever ◽

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Yellow Fever Virus ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Test Kit

Yellow fever is endemic in Ghana and outbreaks occur periodically. The prodromal signs due to Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) infection are non-specific, making clinical signs unreliable as the sole criteria for diagnosis. Accurate laboratory confirmation of suspected yellow fever cases is therefore vital in surveillance programs. Reporting of ELISA IgM testing results by laboratories can delay due to late arrival of samples from the collection sites as well as limited availability of ELISA kits. In this study, the diagnostic performance characteristics of a rapid immunochromatographic Standard Q Yellow Fever IgM test kit (SD Biosensor) was evaluated for the rapid diagnosis of Yellow Fever infection in Ghana. A panel of 275 sera, comprising 81 confirmed YFV positives and 194 negatives were re-tested in this study using the Standard Q Yellow Fever IgM test kit. Using the CDC/WHO Yellow Fever IgM capture ELISA as a benchmark, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the Standard Q Yellow Fever test kit were 96.3%, 97.9% and 97.5%, respectively. The false positivity rate was 5.1% and there was no cross-reactivity when the Standard Q Yellow Fever test kit was tested against dengue, malaria and hepatitis B and C positive samples. In addition, inter-reader variability and invalid rate were both zero. The results indicate that the diagnostic performance of the Standard Q Yellow Fever IgM test kit on serum or plasma is comparable to the serum IgM detection by ELISA and can be used as a point of care rapid diagnostic test kit for YFV infection in endemic areas.

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Requisite Analytic and Diagnostic Performance Characteristics for the Clinical Detection of BRAF V600E in Hairy Cell Leukemia

Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology ◽

10.1097/pai.0000000000000024 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 590-600 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Noah A. Brown ◽

Helmut C. Weigelin ◽

Nathanael Bailey ◽

Julie Laliberte ◽

Kojo S. J. Elenitoba-Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Braf V600e ◽

Hairy Cell ◽

Cell Leukemia ◽

Clinical Detection

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Accurate Point-of-Care Detection of Ruptured Fetal Membranes: Improved Diagnostic Performance Characteristics with a Monoclonal/Polyclonal Immunoassay

Clinical Medicine Insights Reproductive Health ◽

10.4137/cmrh.s38386 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. CMRH.S38386 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Linda C. Rogers ◽

Laurie Scott ◽

Jon E. Block

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Test Sensitivity ◽

Vaginal Secretions ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

Point Of Care Detection

Objective Accurate and timely diagnosis of rupture of membranes (ROM) is imperative to allow for gestational age-specific interventions. This study compared the diagnostic performance characteristics between two methods used for the detection of ROM as measured in the same patient. Methods Vaginal secretions were evaluated using the conventional fern test as well as a point-of-care monoclonal/polyclonal immunoassay test (ROM Plus®) in 75 pregnant patients who presented to labor and delivery with complaints of leaking amniotic fluid. Both tests were compared to analytical confirmation of ROM using three external laboratory tests. Diagnostic performance characteristics were calculated including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy. Results Diagnostic performance characteristics uniformly favored ROM detection using the immunoassay test compared to the fern test: sensitivity (100% vs. 77.8%), specificity (94.8% vs. 79.3%), PPV (75% vs. 36.8%), NPV (100% vs. 95.8%), and accuracy (95.5% vs. 79.1%). Conclusions The point-of-care immunoassay test provides improved diagnostic accuracy for the detection of ROM compared to fern testing. It has the potential of improving patient management decisions, thereby minimizing serious complications and perinatal morbidity.

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Comparison of two immunoassays for measurement of faecal calprotectin in detection of inflammatory bowel disease: (pre)-analytical and diagnostic performance characteristics

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) ◽

10.1515/cclm-2013-0699 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Matthijs Oyaert ◽

Charlotte Trouvé ◽

Filip Baert ◽

Dieter De Smet ◽

Michel Langlois ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Faecal Calprotectin ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

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Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-enhanced Mammography: Comparison With MRI and Mammography

Journal of Breast Imaging ◽

10.1093/jbi/wbab028 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sabahattin Yüzkan ◽

Duygu Cengiz ◽

İlhan Hekimsoy ◽

Özlem Sezgin Okçu ◽

Ayşenur Oktay

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

False Positive ◽

Diagnostic Performance ◽

False Positive Rate ◽

False Negative ◽

False Negative Rate ◽

Performance Characteristics ◽

Histopathological Analysis ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Improved Performance

Abstract Objective To compare the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) with MRI and mammography (MG) based on histopathological results. Methods In this IRB-approved study, written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Images from 40 patients (62 lesions) with suspicious findings on US between March 2018 and August 2018 were evaluated. Sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of CEM, MRI, and MG were evaluated and compared within a 95% confidence interval. Maximum dimensions of lesions were measured and correlations of results were evaluated with Spearman’s Rho test. Results In the histopathological analysis, 66% (41/62) of lesions were malignant and 34% (21/62) lesions were benign. Contrast-enhanced mammography, MRI, and MG had sensitivities of 100% (41/41), 100% (41/41), and 80% (33/41), respectively. The sensitivity of CEM and MRI was significantly better than that of MG (P = 0.03). The NPVs of CEM (100%, 7/7) and MRI (100%, 14/14) were statistically higher than the NPV of MG (60%, 12/20) (P = 0.03). The false-positive rates for CEM, MRI, and MG were 33% (7/21), 66% (14/21), and 42% (9/21), respectively. Contrast-enhanced mammography had a significantly lower false-positive rate than MRI (P < 0.001). Mammography had the highest false-negative rate, missing 19% (8/41) of malignant lesions. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced mammography has similar performance characteristics to MRI and improved performance characteristics relative to MG. In particular, CEM and MRI have similar sensitivity and NPVs and both are superior in each of these metrics to MG.

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