Herd-level seroprevalence and associated risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil

Abstract The aim of this survey was to identify spatial clustering of bovine cysticercosis-positive herds in the state of Paraíba. The state was divided into three sampling groups: sampling stratum 1 (Sertão mesoregion), sampling stratum 2 (Borborema mesoregion) and sampling stratum 3 (Zona da Mata and Agreste mesoregions), and 2382 cows aging ≥ 24 months from 474 farms were sampled. Serological diagnoses of bovine cysticercosis were initially done by means of indirect ELISA, and positive serum samples were confirmed by a immunoblot test. Herds were deemed positive for cysticercosis if they presented at least one positive animal in herds of up to 29 females, and two positive animals in herds with more than 29 females. The spatial clustering was assessed using the Cuzick-Edwards k-nearest neighbor method and spatial scan statistics. A significant clustering of positive herds was detected in the southern part of the Borborema mesoregion. Given that serological tests for bovine cysticercosis are not widely available, and also that replacement and maintenance of herds through animal purchases is common in the region, it can be concluded that prevention measures should be applied at herd level.

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Prevalence and associated risk factors for bovine brucellosis in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n5supl2p3413 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽

pp. 3413

Author(s):

Erivânia Camelo de Almeida ◽

Aderaldo Alexandrino Freitas ◽

Késia Alcântara Queiroz Pontual ◽

Marcília Maria Alves Souza ◽

Marcos Amaku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Complement Fixation Test ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

The State ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Bovine Brucellosis ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Positive Animal

This study was conducted to characterize the epidemiology of bovine brucellosis in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The state was divided into three regions, and in each region, approximately 300 properties were randomly sampled. From these selected properties, a pre-established number of animals were randomly selected and blood serum samples were obtained. A total of 3,901 animals were selected from 900 properties. For each selected property, an epidemiological questionnaire was administered to assess the type of farming, the animal husbandry practices and the sanitary practices that could be associated with the presence of brucellosis infection. The testing protocol consisted of screening the samples with a buffered acidified plate antigen test and retesting the positive samples with a complement fixation test (CF). One positive animal was enough to define an infected herd. The prevalence rates of infected herds and animals in the state were 4.5% [3.2; 6.4%] and 1.4% [0.7; 2.7%], respectively. By region, the prevalence rates of infected herds and animals, respectively, were as follows: Zona da Mata, 3.3% [1.8; 6.1%] and 1.7% [0.5; 3.0%]; Agreste, 7.4% [4.9; 10.9%] and 1.9% [0.8; 3.0%]; and Sertão, 1.3% [0.5; 3.5%] and 0.7% [0.0; 1.6%]. Flooded pastures (OR = 2.86 [1.37; 6.42]) and the presence of 13 or more females in the herd (3rd quartile) (OR = 2.65 [1.19; 5.89]) were identified as risk factors. The existence of veterinary care emerged as a protective factor against bovine brucellosis in the state of Pernambuco (OR = 0.24 [0.10; 0.58]).

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Hepatitis C virus genotypes and associated risk factors in the state of Pará, Northern Brazil

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.bjid.2020.06.010 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 304-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Geison Luiz Costa de Castro ◽

Ednelza da Graça Silva Amoras ◽

Mauro Sérgio Moura de Araújo ◽

Simone Regina Souza da Silva Conde ◽

Antonio Carlos R. Vallinoto

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

The State ◽

Virus Genotypes ◽

Northern Brazil ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Prevalence and herd-level risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Goiás, Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n5supl2p3625 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽

pp. 3625 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Willian Vilela Rocha ◽

Valéria De Sá Jayme ◽

Ana Lourdes Arrais de Alencar Mota ◽

Wilia Marta Elsner Diederichsen de Brito ◽

Glauciane Ribeiro de Castro Pires ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Management Practices ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Livestock Production ◽

The State ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Strong Concentration ◽

Herd Level

Bovine tuberculosis results in economic losses in livestock production and poses a risk to public health. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological status of bovine tuberculosis in adult cows in the state of Goiás, Brazil. The state was divided into three sampling strata, corresponding to different livestock production circuits. A total of 18,659 animals were tested with the comparative cervical tuberculin test (CCT), in 300 randomly sampled bovine herds per stratum. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to identify health and management practices that may be associated with the presence of tuberculosis infection in the herd. In Stratum 1, dominated by beef cattle, no animals reacted to the CCT. In Stratum 2, which covers the main dairy regions of the state, the prevalence was estimated at 8.67% [5.73 to 12.74%] for herds and at 0.9% [0.21 to 1.58%] for animals. In Stratum 3, characterized by a mix of dairy, beef and dual-purpose herds, the prevalence was estimated at 1.00% [0.21 to 2.89] for herds and 0.30% [0.10 to 0.49 %] for animals. The overall prevalence in the state of Goiás was 3.43% [2.20 to 4.67%] for herds and 0.30% [0.10 to 0.49%] for animals. The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that herd-level risk factors associated with the presence of the bovine tuberculosis are: the location of the herd in Stratum 2 (OR = 12.05 [3.52 to 41.28]) and the number of times a cow is milked per day (OR = 6.27 [2.72 to 14.44]). Regular veterinary care was identified as a protective factor (OR = 0.38 [0.15-0.94]). These results indicate that bovine tuberculosis is endemic in the state; its spatial distribution is heterogeneous with a strong concentration in dairy regions. The most intensive dairy farms are those with the highest risk, which is consistent with what other authors’ found elsewhere in Brazil. The epidemiological information generated by this study provides information for planning of risk-based surveillance actions, and justifies the adoption of free-herd certification programs for bovine tuberculosis in the main dairy regions of Goiás.

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Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infections in swine of non-tecnified rearing farms of the northeastern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil and associated risk factors

Parasite Epidemiology and Control ◽

10.1016/j.parepi.2018.e00080 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. e00080

Author(s):

Gabriela Capriogli Oliveira ◽

Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida ◽

Raissa Saran Sartori ◽

Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi ◽

Luis Guilherme de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

São Paulo ◽

Northeastern Region ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Risk factors of occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii among horses in the state of Alagoas, Brazil

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2015-0100 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sandra R. Fonseca de Araújo Valença ◽

Rômulo M. Barreto Valença ◽

José Wilton Pinheiro Júnior ◽

Pedro P. Feitosa de Albuquerque ◽

Orestes L. Souza Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Immunofluorescence Assay ◽

The State ◽

Cutoff Point ◽

First Report ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

And Storage

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii among horses and its associated risk factors in Alagoas, Brazil. In total, 440 samples from 36 properties in 23 districts of the state of Alagoas were studied, covering the Leste, Agreste and Sertão mesoregions. Risk factors were evaluated through the application of an investigative questionnaire that focused on the productive, reproductive and sanitary management of herds. T. gondii infection were assayed using the immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with a cutoff point of 64; 14.4% (95% CI: 11.0%-17.8%) of - horses were seropositive. A significant association was determined between anti-T. gondii antibody presence and the consumption and storage of hay (OR = 2.08 / 95% CI: 1.20-3.62). This is the first report of T. gondii infection among horses in the state of Alagoas, Brazil.

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FAKTOR RESIKO DAN KElADIAN LEPTOSPIROSIS DI KABUPATEN PONOROGO (Studi Kasus Di Wilayah Kecamatan Ngrayun Dan Kecamatan Badegan Tahun 2014)

GEMA LINGKUNGAN KESEHATAN ◽

10.36568/kesling.v12i2.61 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Rahma Ika Pratiwi ◽

Siti Surasri ◽

Koerniasari .

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

The State ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Final Conclusion ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Counseling And Testing ◽

Biological Environment ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

First Time

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with rodents (rat), pigs, cows, goats, sheep, horses, dogs, cats,birds, insectivores (hedgehogs, bats, squirrels) acting as the reservoir that have been infected by theagent of the disease leptospiroses leptospira bacteria. leptospiroses outbreak in Ponorogo namely inNgrayun Sub District in 2011 until 2013 marked the highest the number of cases. In 2013 an incident ofleptospiroses involved 20 patients in Ngrayun sub district and 7 people in the district Badegan subdistrictand in 2013 leptospiroses appeared for the first time in Badegan. The purpose of this study was todetermine the risk factors and the occurrence of leptospirosis cases in Ngrayun and Badegan subdistrictsof Ponorogo in 2014.The type of this research is descriptive with case study design to assessand describe the conditionof the cases and the associated risk factors . The research subjects were leptospiroses patients and theirhomes. Research variables in this study were the physical environment, biological environment, socialenvironment, and behavioral factors.Results of the observations and interviews using Guttman scale factors included the state of thephysical environment, poor water storage, poor use of river/weill, and the distance of the waste collection.Biological environment factors included the presenceof rats, the presence of farm animals or pets. Socialenvironmental factors included the level of education and type of occupation, they were also poor.Behavioral factors which included the habit of bathing, washing hands, use of footwear, treatment ofwounds, were all in poor state.The final conclusion is that the state of the risk factors, that include the physical environment.biological/ social and behavioral factors are in poor state. These call for counseling and testing of ROTtoimprove knowledge and insiqhts and to change people's behavior and to review the leptospirosesprevention program

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Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia: Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors in Gudeya Bila and Boneya Boshe Districts of East Wollega Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia

Ethiopian Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/evj.v24i1.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tolesa Neggasa ◽

Feyissa Begna ◽

Moti Wakgari ◽

Sisay Shibashi ◽

Eshetu Gezahegn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Condition Score ◽

Previous History ◽

Individual Animal ◽

Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia ◽

African Countries ◽

Herd Level ◽

Mycoplasma Mycoides ◽

History Of ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) remains a huge threat to cattle production in sub Saharan African countries in general and in Ethiopia in particular. A cross sectional study was conducted between November, 2017 and June, 2018 to estimate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of CBPP in the Gudeya Bila and Boneya Boshe districts of East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State. The study was conducted on 384 cattle with no history of vaccination against CBPP, using systematic random sampling technique. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of each animal and tested by competitive ELISA. Information on risk factors influencing the occurrence of CBPP was collected using questionnaire survey. Data obtained from both serological and questionnaire surveys were analyzed by using SPSS software version 20. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association of exposure variables with anti-mycoplasma mycoides subspecies small colony antibodies. The results indicated that, the overall seroprevalence of CBPP at individual animal-level and herd-level was 8.6% and 26.3%, respectively. There was a statistically significant association in the sero-prevalence of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC (MMmsSC) antibody (P< 0.05) with the poor body condition score, origin of animals (purchasing from outside of herd) and previous history of CBPP disease at individual animal and large herd size at herd level. This study showed that the overall prevalence of CBPP in study area was high. This warrants the implementation of appropriate preventive and control practice. Keywords: Boneya Boshe, Bovine, CBPP, c-ELISA, Ethiopia, Gudeya Bila, Sero-prevalence

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