scholarly journals Positive and Negative Affect are Associated With Salivary Cortisol in the Everyday Life of Older Adults: A Quantitative Synthesis of Four Aging Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 105403
Author(s):  
Theresa Pauly ◽  
Johanna Drewelies ◽  
Karolina Kolodziejczak ◽  
Martin Katzorreck ◽  
Anna J. Lücke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Aging Studies ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Quantitative Synthesis

scholarly journals The Sunday Effect: How Church Attendance is Related to Daily Pain and Affect in Older Adults with Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 922-922
Author(s):  
Shelley Condon ◽  
Katherine Cheesman ◽  
Dylan Smith ◽  
Patricia Parmelee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Church Attendance ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Daily Pain

Abstract Attending church is related to elevated mood (Law & Sbarra, 2009), greater social connectivity (Obst & Tham, 2009), and purpose in life (Robbins & Francis, 2000). More research is needed on how these relationships function among older adults, especially those living with chronic pain. The current study aimed to explore the effects of attending church on Sunday on the daily pain and affect of older adults with arthritis pain. Using a subset of 185 participants living in Alabama from the Everyday Quality of Life (EQUAL) project, the current study utilized multilevel modeling to examine (1) the main effects of church attendance and day of week (Sunday vs other) on daily pain and affect (positive and negative), and (2) the interaction [Sunday] effect of church attendance and day of week on those outcomes, controlling for sociodemographic variables (i.e., employment status, sex, race, and age). Preliminary covariate analyses revealed that church attendance was higher among participants who were unemployed, female, African American, and older. For the multilevel models predicting daily positive and negative affect, significant main effects were found for day of week and church attendance; however, the interaction effect was not significant. Interestingly, no main or interaction effects were found for the models predicting daily pain. Thus, while church attendance and day of week significantly predicted daily ratings of positive and negative affect, there was no support for the Sunday Effect on those outcomes. Implications and ideas for future research are discussed. (R01-AG041655, P. Parmelee & D. Smith, Co-PIs).

scholarly journals Association of Affect and Gait Performance in Dual-Task Walking in Non-Demented Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 287-287
Author(s):  
Deepan Guharajan ◽  
Roee Holtzer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Task Conditions

Abstract Aging populations are at increased risk to experience mobility disability, which is associated with falls, frailty, and mortality. Previous studies have not examined the concurrent associations of both positive and negative affect with gait velocity. We examined whether individual differences in positive and negative affect predicted dual-task performance decrements in velocity in a dual-task (DT) paradigm in non-demented older adults. We hypothesize that positive affect would be associated with lower DT costs, and negative affect would be associated with higher DT costs. Participants (N = 403; mean age, = 76.22 (6.55); females = 56%) completed the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and a DT paradigm that involved three task conditions: Single-Task-Walk (STW), Alpha (cognitive interference requiring participants to recite alternate letters of the alphabet), and Dual-Task-Walk (DTW) requiring participant to perform the two single tasks concurrently. Gait velocity was assessed via an instrumented walkway. As expected, results of a linear mixed effects model (LME) showed a significant decline in gait velocity (cm/s) from STW to DTW (estimate = -11.79; 95%CI = -12.82 to -10.77). LME results further revealed that negative affect was associated with greater decline in gait velocity from STW to DTW (ie., worse DT cost) (estimate = -0.38; 95%CI = -0.73 to -0.03). Positive affect did not, however, predict DT costs in gait velocity (estimate = -0.09; 95%CI = -0.23 to 0.05). These findings suggest that increased negative affect interferes with the allocation of attentional resources to competing task demands inherent in the DT paradigm.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENT EQUIVALENCE OF THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE AFFECT SCHEDULE BETWEEN YOUNG-MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S705-S705
Author(s):  
Jeongwoo Lee ◽  
En-Jung Shon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Middle Aged

Abstract A Short form of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS-SF) has been widely used to measure of affect in diverse cultural groups. Limited studies have been evaluated the measurement equivalence test of PANAS-SF in diverse age groups. This study examined whether parameters in the measurement model (two-factor model: positive and negative affect) is equivalent across the two age generations (young-middle aged: <65 years [n=1,122]; older adults : ≥65 years [n=1,817]). The sample was obtained from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study and Multiple Group Analysis was performed. The five items of determined, enthusiastic, inspired, alert, and excited reflected positive affect; and the five items of afraid, upset, scared, nervous, and distressed reflected negative affect. The configural model reported acceptable fit (X2= 904.98 [df = 64, p < .001], X 2/df =14.14, CFI =.93, GFI=.94, RMSEA=.06 [90% CI=.06 - .07]). When all factor loadings were constrained, it indicated measurement non-invariance status between young-middle aged and older adults (ΔX 2 = 56.03, Δdf = 8, p< .001, CFI=.93, ΔCFI=.004). Given findings of non-invariance on the full constrained model, the invariance test of each factor loading was performed additionally. Majority of negative items (Afraid, upset, scared, and nervous) and several positive items (determined and excited) were nonequivalent between the two groups. Variances in the measure between two age groups raise a number of issues for future research on affect assessment, suggesting cautious using of PANAS-SF in older adults.

The Association of Positive and Negative Affect and Exercise Self-Efficacy in Older Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn V. Ostir ◽  
Jiska Cohen-Mansfield ◽  
Suzanne Leveille ◽  
Stefano Volpato ◽  
Jack M. Guralnik
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Independent Association

This study investigated whether positive or negative affect has an independent association with exercise self-efficacy. Participants (N= 324) age 75-85 were classified as high or at-risk performers, and three exercise-self-efficacy items (scored 1-10) were assessed. For at-risk performers, positive affect was significantly associated with confidence in the ability to perform strength and flexibility (b= 0.83,SE= 0.23,p= .001) and aerobic exercise (b= 0.59,SE= 0.28,p= .04) and with the perception that exercise would not worsen preexisting symptoms (b= 0.73,SE= 0.24,p= .001). Among high performers, nonsignificant associations were found for positive and negative affect and exercise-self-efficacy. For at-risk performers, higher positive affect was associated with an increased odds ratio of 2.72 for scoring 10 on the muscle strength and flexibility item, 4.08 on the aerobic item, and 2.94 on the item assessing preexisting symptoms. The results suggest that improving at-risk older adults’ positive affect might increase their participation in exercise.

scholarly journals LINKS BETWEEN POSITIVE AFFECT AND DISENGAGEMENT FROM NEGATIVE STIMULI IN YOUNGER AND OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S307-S307
Author(s):  
Kathryn L Ossenfort ◽  
Derek M Isaacowitz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Attentional Disengagement ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Negative Stimuli

Abstract Older adults attend to more positive than negative content compared to younger adults; this “age-related positivity” effect is often thought of as a way older adults may be regulating their moods. However, attentional disengagement abilities decline with age, which may make positive looking more challenging for older adults in some cases. To evaluate links between early attentional processes and affect, 48 younger adult and 49 older adult participants reported levels of positive and negative affect on the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and completed a spatial cueing task evaluating attentional orienting and disengagement from emotional stimuli. Participants were tasked with responding to the location of a spatial target after seeing a cue (emotional image) that either appeared on the same (orienting) or opposite (disengagement) side of the screen. Multilevel modeling analyses were conducted using age and self-reported affect from the PANAS as predictors at level-2, and trial characteristics as predictors at level-1. Positive affect (PA) was unrelated to task performance for younger adults. Older adults reporting higher PA responded more slowly overall, and higher PA scores predicted similar response times to positive and negative stimuli on both trial types. Older adults reporting lower PA oriented attention more quickly to positive stimuli, but took longer to disengage from negative. These results suggest that there may be a relationship between the ability to flexibly disengage from negative content and PA for older, but not younger adults, and also highlight the importance of teasing apart specific attentional processes when evaluating positivity effects.

I Feel You, We Can Do This

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Hannah M. Schade ◽  
Johanna Drewelies ◽  
Gizem Hülür ◽  
Christiane A. Hoppmann ◽  
Nilam Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Relationship Functioning ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Older Couples ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Length Of Relationship

Abstract. We investigated whether similarity between partners in positive and negative affect is associated with the perception that one manages everyday life well together as a couple (dyadic mastery). To this end, we used data from 99 older couples (mean age = 75 years; mean length of relationship = 45 years) obtained 5 times a day over 7 consecutive days as participants went about their everyday lives. Analyses using actor-partner interdependence models revealed that higher (average and momentary) similarity in negative affect between partners, but not positive affect between partners, was associated with higher levels of dyadic mastery among both men and women. Our results point to the significance of emotional similarity between partners for smooth relationship functioning.

What’s exotic about The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel? Cinema, everyday life and the materialisation of ageing

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Sally Chivers
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Racial Politics ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
The Everyday

This chapter examines The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel cinema franchise (UK, 2011 & 2015) in relation to the care home franchise it represents. The films characterize the British seniors’ choice to outsource their retirement to India as both economically sensible and personally extraordinary, while glossing over the everyday life of Jaipur residents. The films try to make exotic the everyday (white) life of old age, including a need for new collective living situations, offering a unique perspective on contemporary aging as embodied and highly material without diminishing the potential value of older adults. However, the exoticism relies on what should be an uncomfortable racism arising from making one person’s everyday into another person’s exotic, offering a canny perspective on the disturbing and under-analyzed racial politics of contemporary aging.

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