Crossed doubled patellar tendon: A rare anatomical variant with potential clinical significance

Pulmonary azygous lobe is one of the common lung malformations. There is only few article about azygous lobe. Its a small accessory lobe sometimes found on the upper part of the right lung, separated from the rest of the upper lobe by a deep groove lodging the ayzygous vein. This reports describes the presence of azygous lobe, a rare anatomical variant, encountered during chest x-ray discussion. We describe here the anatomical basis and the clinical significance of azygous lobe.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.12(2) 2014: 151-152

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Side to side differences in patellar tendon kinetics of the support limb during maximal instep soccer kicking

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity ◽

10.29359/bjhpa.07.4.01 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 7-14

Author(s):

JONATHAN KENNETH SINCLAIR ◽

HANNAH SHORE ◽

STEPHEN ATKINS ◽

SARAH JANE HOBBS

Keyword(s):

Clinical Significance ◽

Patellar Tendon ◽

Tendon Injury ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Current Investigation ◽

Soccer Ball ◽

Paired Samples ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Bilateral Differences ◽

Kinetics Of

Background: Kicking actions have been implicated in the aetiology of soccer injuries, and the unilateral nature of kicking may influence this. The aim of the current investigation was to determine whether soccer players exhibit bilateral differences in support limb patellar tendon loads. Material/Methods: Fifteen male soccer players were examined whilst kicking a stationary soccer ball with both their dominant and non-dominant feet. Patellar tendon kinetics were obtained from each limb and then contrasted using paired samples t-tests. Results: Significant increases in patellar tendon kinetics were found when using the non-dominant limb. Conclusions: The findings from the current investigation have clinical significance and support the notion that kicking with the non-dominant limb may be associated with increased risk for patellar tendon injury aetiology.

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The Potential Roles of Cervical Plexus Abnormalities in Occipital Neuralgia: An Anatomic Variant Explored

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics12010139 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 139

Author(s):

Mitchell H. Mirande ◽

Heather F. Smith

Keyword(s):

Clinical Significance ◽

Degenerative Changes ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Occipital Neuralgia ◽

Cervical Plexus ◽

Anatomical Variant ◽

Occipital Nerve ◽

Potential Source ◽

Greater Occipital Nerve ◽

Possible Cause

Occipital neuralgia (ON) is a condition defined as a headache characterized by paroxysmal burning and stabbing pain located in the distribution of the greater occipital nerve (GON), lesser occipital nerve (LON), or third occipital nerves (TON). This condition can be severely impairing in symptomatic patients and is known to have numerous etiologies deriving from various origins such as trauma, anatomical abnormalities, tumors, infections, and degenerative changes. This study reports four cases of a previously undescribed anatomical variant in which the (spinal) accessory nerve (SAN) fuses with the LON before piercing the sternocleidomastoid (SCM). The fusion of these two nerves and their route through the SCM points to a potential location for nerve compression within the SCM and, in turn, another potential source of ON. This anatomical presentation has clinical significance as it provides clinicians with another possible cause of ON to consider when diagnosing patients who present with complaints of a headache. Additionally, this study explores the prevalence of piercing anatomy of the LON and GAN and discusses their clinical implications.

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750 Mitral annulus disjunction in consecutive patients undergoing cardiovascular magnetic resonance: arrhythmogenic substrate or anatomical variant?

European Heart Journal Supplements ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/suab132.018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (Supplement_G) ◽

Author(s):

Stefano Figliozzi ◽

Sara Bombace ◽

Kamil Stankowski ◽

Marzia Olivieri ◽

Ludovica Lofino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽

T2 Mapping ◽

Extracellular Volume ◽

Mitral Annulus ◽

Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽

Anatomical Variant ◽

Arrhythmogenic Substrate

Abstract Aims Mitral annulus disjunction (MAD) has been associated with sudden cardiac death in selected patients with arrhythmic presentation, while its clinical significance in unselected cohorts remains unknown. Our purpose was to assess the prevalence and clinical significance of MAD in consecutive patients referred to cardiovascular-magnetic-resonance (CMR). Methods and results Our population included 103 consecutive patients undergoing CMR at our Institution, between August and September 2021. MAD was defined as a ≥ 1 mm atrial displacement of the mitral leaflet hinge point in standard long-axis cine images during end-systole. MAD analysis was performed in 97 patients (feasibility = 94%) and resulted positive in 49 (51%). MAD—patients were more often males (75% vs. 57%; P = 0.045) and affected by ischaemic (35% vs. 12%, P = 0.01) and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (38% vs. 16%, P = 0.026) compared to MAD+ patients. No significant differences were found in terms of age, history of ventricular arrhythmias, bi-ventricular and bi-atrial volumes, bi-ventricular ejection fraction, native T1 and T2 mapping values, extracellular volume, and prevalence of late gadolinium enhancement (P > 0.05 for all) between MAD + vs. MAD—patients. MAD extent was higher in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP; n = 7), (3.5 ± 1.5 mm in MVP+ vs. 2.0 ± 1.0 mm in MVP– patients; P = 0.004). No significant differences were conversely found in MAD extent between patients with and without ventricular arrhythmias (2.5 ± 1.1 mm vs. 2.3 ± 1.1 mm; P = 0.815). Conclusions Our findings suggest a high prevalence of MAD in unselected cohorts of patients, with no clinical significance. Prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the interplay between MAD and malignant ventricular arrhythmias in unselected cohorts of patients.

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Tibial anatomy in normal small breed dogs including anisometry of various extracapsular stabilizing suture attachment sites

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.3415/vcot-14-12-0186 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (05) ◽

pp. 331-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P. G. Witte

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Patellar Tendon ◽

Individual Variation ◽

Tibial Plateau ◽

Attachment Site ◽

Tibial Tuberosity ◽

Attachment Sites ◽

Suture Placement ◽

Small Breed

SummaryObjectives: To investigate proximal tibial anatomy and its influence on anisometry of extracapsular stabilizing sutures in small dog breeds.Materials and methods: Mediolateral radiographs of the femora, stifles, and tibiae of 12 small breed dogs were acquired with the stifles positioned at various angles. Measurements taken included tibial plateau angle (TPA), diaphyseal: proximal tibial angle (DPA), patellar tendon angle (PTA), Z-angle, relative tibial tuberosity width (rTTW), and the distance between six combinations of two femoral and three tibial extra-capsular stabilizing suture (ECS) attachment sites. Theoretical strain through stifle range-of- motion was recorded.Results: The TPA (32° ± 5.8°), DPA (10.2° ± 7.3°), PTA (103.7° ± 6.2°), and Z-angle (70.4° ± 9.0°) were positively correlated with one another (R >0.7), but none were correlated with rTTW (0.93 ± 0.10). The F2-T1 combination of ECS attachment sites had lowest strain for nine stifles. The shortest attachment site separation was at a stifle flexion of 50° for nine stifles. Proximal tibial anatomy measurements could not predict optimal attachment site combination, optimal stifle angle for suture placement, or ECS strain.Clinical significance: There is individual variation in the optimal attachment site combination and stifle angle for suture placement, which may influence consistency of outcomes with ECS.

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