Oxygen and oxidative stress in the perinatal period

Objective: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Lonicera japonica extract (LJE) on milk production, rumen fermentation and blood biomarkers of energy metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress during the perinatal period of Holstein dairy cows.Methods: Eighteen Holstein dairy cows were used in a complete randomized design experiment with 3 dietary treatments and 6 cows per treatment. All cows received the same basal total mixed ration (TMR) including a prepartal diet (1.35 Mcal of net energy for lactation [NEL]/kg of dry matter [DM], 13.23% crude protein [CP]) from –60 d to calving and a postpartal diet (1.61 Mcal of NEL/kg of DM, 17.39% CP) from calving to 30 days in milk (DIM). The 3 dietary treatments were TMR supplemented with LJE at 0 (control), 1 and 2 g/kg DM, respectively. LJE was offered from 21 d before calving to 30 DIM. Dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production were measured daily after calving. Milk and rumen fluid samples were collected on 29 and 30 d after calving. On –10, 4, 14, and 30 d relative to calving, blood samples were collected to analyze the biomarkers of energy metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress.Results: Compared with control diet, LJE supplementation at 1 and 2 g/kg DM increased DMI, milk yield and reduced milk somatic cell count. LJE supplementation also decreased the concentrations of blood biomarkers of pro-inflammation (interleukin-1β [IL-1β], IL-6, and haptoglobin), energy metabolism (nonesterified fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid) and oxidative stress (reactive oxygen metabolites), meanwhile increased the total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase concentrations in blood. No differences were observed in rumen pH, volatile fatty acid, and ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentrations between LJE supplemented diets and the control diet.Conclusion: Supplementation with 1 and 2 g LJE/kg DM could increase DMI, improve lactation performance, and enhance anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities of dairy cows during perinatal period.

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Abstract 135: Obesity Accelerates the Deterioration of Renal Function in Developmental Programming of Hypertension. Role of Angiotensin Ii and Oxidative Stress

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.68.suppl_1.135 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Antonio Tapia ◽

Juan M Moreno ◽

Maria T Llinas ◽

F. Javier Salazar

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Renal Function ◽

Angiotensin Ii ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Developmental Programming ◽

Ang Ii ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Renal Vascular ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Numerous studies have shown gender-dependent differences in the deterioration of renal function in models of developmental programming of hypertension (DPH). It is also known that obesity is associated to changes in renal function and that both angiotensin II (Ang II) and oxidative stress are involved in the renal alterations that occur in obesity and in animals with DPH. The main objectives were to examine whether the increment of arterial pressure (AP) and the deterioration of renal function are accelerated as a consequence of obesity in SD rats with DPH; whether these changes are gender-dependent; and to evaluate the role of Ang II and oxidative stress in these AP and renal function changes. A high fat diet (60%) was given during the first 4 months of age and DPH was induced by an AT receptor antagonist during nephrogenic period (ARAnp). Systolic AP (mmHg) was greater (P<0.05) in ARAnp-obese rats (167 ± 3 in ♂; 146 ± 4 in ♀) than in ARAnp (155 ± 3 in ♂; 137 ± 3 in ♀); obese (147 ± 2 in ♂; 137 ± 2 in ♀) or control (127 ± 1 in ♂; 119 ± 2 in ♀) rats. Three days administration of candesartan (7 mg/kg/day) led to a decrease in AP that was greater (P<0.05) in ARAnp-obese rats (55 ± 3 in ♂; 45 ± 4 in ♀) than in ARAnp (40 ± 3 in ♂; 37 ± 4 in ♀); obese (38 ± 4 in ♂; 27 ± 4 in ♀) or control (12 ± 2 in ♂; 14 ± 3 in ♀) rats. The acute Ang II infusion (30 ng/kg/min) induced an increase in renal vascular resistance (mmHg/ml/min/gr kw) that was also greater in ARAnp-obese rats (217 ± 45% in ♂; 145 ± 38% in ♀) than in ARAnp (103 ± 9% in ♂; 97 ± 8% in ♀); obese (106 ± 14% in ♂; 106 ± 17 in ♀) or control (51 ± 7% in ♂; 51 ± 10% in ♀) rats. The response to candesartan or Ang II infusion in ARAnp-obese rats was gender-dependent and may be explained by an enhanced oxidative stress. The expression of P67phox in the renal cortex was greater (P<0.05) in ARAnp-obese rats (3,00 ± 0,05 in ♂; 2,60 ± 0,04 in ♀) than in ARAnp (1,16 ± 0,04 in ♂; 1,66 ± 0,03 in ♀); obese (0,94 ± 0,06 in ♂; 1,02 ± 0,02 in ♀) or control (1,00 ± 0,02 in ♂; 1,02 ± 0,023 in ♀) rats. The results of this study suggest that obesity at an early age enhances the hypertension and accelerates the deterioration of renal function that occurs when cardiovascular disease is programmed during the perinatal period. It is also shown that Ang II and oxidative stress seems to play an important role in these AP and renal function changes.

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BRAIN DAMAGE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE PERINATAL PERIOD: MELATONIN AS A NEUROPROTECTIVE NEW DRUG

Journal of the Siena Academy of Sciences ◽

10.4081/jsas.2011.34 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

S. Perrone ◽

S. Bertrando ◽

S. Cornacchione ◽

S. Negro ◽

M.L. Tataranno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Brain Damage ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

New Drug ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Anti-oxidants and oxidative stress injuries to the brain in the perinatal period

Seminars in Neonatology ◽

10.1016/s1084-2756(98)80025-0 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 75-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ernest M. Graham ◽

O.P. Mishra ◽

Maria Delivoria-Papadopoulos

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Stress Injuries ◽

The Brain ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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1638: Erectile Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress-Media Ted Cavernosal Cell Death in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(18)38846-3 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 171 (4S) ◽

pp. 433-433

Author(s):

Steven Kuntz ◽

Steven White ◽

Michael Alba ◽

Mahadevan Rajasekaran

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Death ◽

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Association between calcitriol and paricalcitol with oxidative stress in patients with hemodialysis

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000641 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Hasan Haci Yeter ◽

Berfu Korucu ◽

Elif Burcu Bali ◽

Ulver Derici

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Stress Index ◽

Total Oxidant Status ◽

Vitamin D Analog ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Oxidant Status ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Abstract. Background: The pathophysiological basis of chronic kidney disease and its complications, including cardiovascular disease, are associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. We investigated the effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) and synthetic vitamin D analog (paricalcitol) on oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was composed of 83 patients with a minimum hemodialysis vintage of one year. Patients with a history of any infection, malignancy, and chronic inflammatory disease were excluded. Oxidative markers (total oxidant and antioxidant status) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were analyzed. Results: A total of 47% (39/83) patients were using active or analog vitamin D. Total antioxidant status was significantly higher in patients with using active or analog vitamin D than those who did not use (p = 0.006). Whereas, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were significantly higher in patients with not using vitamin D when compared with the patients who were using vitamin D preparation (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004, respectively). On the other hand, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index were similar between patients who used active vitamin D or vitamin D analog (p = 0.6; p = 0.4 and p = 0.7, respectively). Conclusion: The use of active or selective vitamin D analog in these patients decreases total oxidant status and increases total antioxidant status. Also, paricalcitol is as effective as calcitriol in decreasing total oxidant status and increasing total antioxidant status in patients with chronic kidney disease.

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