Dynamic wake tracking using a cost-effective LiDAR and Kalman filtering: design, simulation and full-scale validation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Hou Lio ◽  
Gunner Chr. Larsen ◽  
Gunhild R. Thorsen
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Full Scale

scholarly journals Design framework for DEM-supported prototyping of grabs including full-scale validation

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Dingena Schott ◽  
Javad Mohajeri ◽  
Jovana Jovanova ◽  
Stef Lommen ◽  
Wilbert de Kluijver
Keyword(s):  
Scale Validation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Design Framework

Full‐scale shake‐table tests on two unreinforced masonry cavity‐wall buildings: effect of an innovative timber retrofit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Miglietta ◽  
Nicolò Damiani ◽  
Gabriele Guerrini ◽  
Francesco Graziotti
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unreinforced Masonry ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cavity Wall ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Shake Table ◽  
Earthquake Excitation ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

AbstractTwo full-scale building specimens were tested on the shake-table at the EUCENTRE Foundation laboratories in Pavia (Italy), to assess the effectiveness of an innovative timber retrofit solution, within a comprehensive research campaign on the seismic vulnerability of existing Dutch unreinforced masonry structures. The buildings represented the end-unit of a two-storey terraced house typical of the North-Eastern Netherlands, a region affected by induced seismicity over the last few decades. This building typology is particularly vulnerable to earthquake excitation due to lack of seismic details and irregular distribution of large openings in masonry walls. Both specimens were built with the same geometry. Their structural system consisted of cavity walls, with interior load-bearing calcium-silicate leaf and exterior clay veneer, and included a first-floor reinforced concrete slab, a second-floor timber framing, and a roof timber structure supported by masonry gables. A timber retrofit was designed and installed inside the second specimen, providing an innovative sustainable, light-weight, reversible, and cost-effective technique, which could be extensively applied to actual buildings. Timber frames were connected to the interior surface of the masonry walls and completed by oriented strands boards nailed to them. The second-floor timber diaphragm was stiffened and strengthened by a layer of oriented-strand boards, nailed to the existing joists and to additional blocking elements through the existing planks. These interventions resulted also in improved wall-to-diaphragm connections with the inner leaf at both floors, while steel ties were added between the cavity-wall leaves. The application of the retrofit system favored a global response of the building with increased lateral capacities of the masonry walls. This paper describes in detail the bare and retrofitted specimens, compares the experimental results obtained through similar incremental dynamic shake-table test protocols up to near-collapse conditions, and identifies damage states and damage limits associated with displacements and deformations.

Z-drive escort tug manoeuvrability modelling: From model-scale to full-scale validation

2021 ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
B. Piaggio ◽  
M. Viviani ◽  
M. Martelli ◽  
M. Figari
Keyword(s):  
Scale Validation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Model Scale

Full-scale validation of an air scour control system for energy savings in membrane bioreactors

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hèctor Monclús ◽  
Montserrat Dalmau ◽  
Sara Gabarrón ◽  
Giuliana Ferrero ◽  
Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Full Scale

Cost Effective Fabrication of Large Diameter High Strength Titanium Catenary Riser

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Marie Horn ◽  
Mons Hauge ◽  
Per-Arne Ro̸stadsand ◽  
Bjarne Bjo̸rnbakk ◽  
Peer Dahlberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Main Challenge

A large diameter high strength titanium free-hanging catenary riser was evaluated by the Demo 2000 Ti-Rise project, from initiative of the Kristin Field development license. In order to reduce the uncertainties related to the schedule, cost, and special technical issues identified in the work related to a similar riser for future installation on the A˚sgard B semi-submersible platform, a fabrication qualification of a full scale riser in titanium was run. Several full-scale production girth welds were made in an in-situ fabrication environment. The welding was performed on extruded titanium grade 23 (ASTM) pipes with an ID of 25.5″) and wall thickness of 30 mm. The main challenge was to develop a highly productive TIG orbital welding procedure, which produced welds with as low pore content as possible. It is well known that sub-surface pores often are initiation sits for fatigue cracks in high strength titanium welds. This paper describes how a greatly improved productivity was obtained in combination with a high weld quality. NDT procedures were developed whit the main on the reliability to detect and locate possible sub-surface weld defects, volumetric defects such as pores and tungsten particles and planar defects such as lack of fusion. The results from the actual Non Destructive Testing (NDT), the mechanical testing, and the fatigue testing of the subjected welds are presented. The response of the catenary is optimised by varied distribution of weight coating along the riser’s length. A satisfactory weight coating with sufficient strength, bond strength, and wear properties was developed and qualified. The riser is planned to be fabricated from extruded titanium pipes, welded together onshore to one continuous piece. The field coating is added and the riser is loaded into the sea and towed offshore and installed.

Combined hydraulic and biological modelling and full-scale validation of SBR process

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keller ◽  
Z. Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Scale Validation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Biological Modelling ◽  
Soluble Components

The biological reactions during the settling and decant periods of Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs) are generally ignored as they are not easily measured or described by modelling approaches. However, important processes are taking place, and in particular when the influent is fed into the bottom of the reactor at the same time (one of the main features of the UniFed process), the inclusion of these stages is crucial for accurate process predictions. Due to the vertical stratification of both liquid and solid components, a one-dimensional hydraulic model is combined with a modified ASM 2d biological model to allow the prediction of settling velocity, sludge concentration, soluble components and biological processes during the non-mixed periods of the SBR. The model is calibrated on a full-scale UniFed SBR system with tracer breakthrough tests, depth profiles of particulate and soluble compounds and measurements of the key components during the mixed aerobic period. This model is then validated against results from an independent experimental period with considerably different operating parameters. In both cases, the model is able to accurately predict the stratification and most of the biological reactions occurring in the sludge blanket and the supernatant during the non-mixed periods. Together with a correct description of the mixed aerobic period, a good prediction of the overall SBR performance can be achieved.

Development and Qualification of Pipeline Welding Procedures for Strain Based Design

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin W. Hukle ◽  
Dan B. Lillig ◽  
Brian D. Newbury ◽  
John Dwyer ◽  
Agnes Marie Horn
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Offshore Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Welding ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Procedure Development

This paper reviews the specific testing methodologies implemented for the qualification of mechanized pulsed gas metal arc welding (PGMAW) procedures for strain based design applications. The qualified welding procedures were used during recent construction of an offshore pipeline subject to potential ice scour with an initial design target of 4% tensile strain capacity. This paper addresses the integrated development of linepipe specifications, large scale validation testing, weld procedure development, and finally, the verification of robustness through full scale pressurized testing of actual girth welds on project pipe material. The qualification sequence, from linepipe specification development through final full scale girth weld proof test is described.

Measurement and Modeling of the Motions of a High-Speed Catamaran in Waves

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Fu ◽  
A. M. Fullerton ◽  
E. Terrill ◽  
W. Faller ◽  
G. Lada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Ship Motions ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Incoming Wave ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Rough Water ◽  
Ship Speed

Wetdeck slamming can be defined as a large vertical acceleration event that occurs when ship motions cause an impact between the cross deck and the ocean’s surface. The use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and other simulation tools to accurately predict wetdeck slamming loads and ship motions has become the objective of a number of efforts (Hess, et al, 2007; Lin, et al, 2007; Faller et al, 2008; for example). The Sea Fighter, FSF-1, is a high-speed research vessel developed by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR). Christened in 2005, she is an aluminum catamaran propelled by four steerable water jets capable of speeds up to 50 knots. In 2006, Sea Fighter underwent a series of rough water trials to assess its operational profile in high sea states (Fu, et. al., 2007). Along with this assessment, ONR sponsored an effort to obtain full-scale qualitative and quantitative wave slamming and ship motion data. One of these rough water trials took place 18–20 April 2006 as the ship transited from Esquimalt, British Columbia, Canada to San Diego, California, USA. During this trial, the significant wave height ranged from 1.5 to 2.7 m and the ship speed ranged from 20 to 40 knots. This paper describes the results of the effort to characterize the Sea Fighter’s motion in waves. To provide suitable full-scale validation data, the incoming ambient waves had to be characterized. A Light Detecting and Ranging, (LiDAR) system, an array of ultrasonic distance sensors, and several video cameras were used to characterize the incoming wave field. In addition, three fiber optic gyro motion units were deployed to record ship motions. Additionally, a GPS unit was utilized to measure ship speed, pitch, roll, and heading. Several slam and near slam events are discussed over the range of ship’s speed, heading, and sea states tested. Similarities and differences between these events are also noted. Additionally, this data was used to develop a simulation of the Sea Fighter’s motion in waves similar to previous work done utilizing model test data (Hess, et al, 2007; Faller et al, 2008).

Practical experience with full-scale structured sheet media (SSM) integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) systems for nitrification

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Jia Zhu ◽  
James J Flamming ◽  
Jack O'Connell ◽  
Michael Shrader
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Contact Process ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
The Usa

Many wastewater treatment plants in the USA, which were originally designed as secondary treatment systems with no or partial nitrification requirements, are facing increased flows, loads, and more stringent ammonia discharge limits. Plant expansion is often not cost-effective due to either high construction costs or lack of land. Under these circumstances, integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) systems using both suspended growth and biofilms that grow attached to a fixed plastic structured sheet media are found to be a viable solution for solving the challenges. Multiple plants have been retrofitted with such IFAS systems in the past few years. The system has proven to be efficient and reliable in achieving not only consistent nitrification, but also enhanced bio-chemical oxygen demand removal and sludge settling characteristics. This paper presents long-term practical experiences with the IFAS system design, operation and maintenance, and performance for three full-scale plants with distinct processes; that is, a trickling filter/solids contact process, a conventional plug flow activated sludge process and an extended aeration process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document