Working time and wage rate differences: Revisiting the role of preferences and labor scarcity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Contensou ◽  
Radu Vranceanu
Keyword(s):  
Wage Rate ◽  
Working Time

A. J. BROWN, “PHILLIPS’S CURVE,” AND ECONOMIC NETWORKS IN THE 1950S

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Button
Keyword(s):  
Wage Rate ◽  
Phillips Curve ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Rate Change ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Great Inflation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Ordinal Interpretation

This paper examines the role of the English economist Arthur (A. J.) Brown in the 1950s debate surrounding the wage-rate change/unemployment relationship. While the publication of William (Bill) Phillips’s 1958 paper and the subsequent moniker of the “Phillips Curve” attracted a wealth of attention, Brown’s book on the subject, The Great Inflation, and his later work on inflation have received much less. Here, the focus is on redressing this situation somewhat by looking at Brown’s work to see how much it predates Phillips’s paper, and what differences there are to it. We also consider this within the changing institutional structure of English economic networks in the 1950s that led to a relatively rapid acceptance of Phillips’s analysis and, in many cases, to a strong, ordinal interpretation of the Phillips Curve that overshadowed Brown’s work.

scholarly journals PENGARUH CURAHAN WAKTU KERJA WANITA TANI TEMBAKAU TERHADAP PENERIMAAN KELUARGA DI KECAMATAN JUMO KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Rizki Iqbal Maulana ◽  
Siwi Gayatri ◽  
Tutik Dalmiyatun
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Tobacco Seed ◽  
Family Acceptance ◽  
Female Farmers ◽  
Simple Regression Analysis

The purpose of this study was to analyze 1) How the time spent by female farm laborers in tobacco commodities in Jumo District, Temanggung Regency 2) What is the contribution of women's acceptance to family acceptance 3) What is the effect of the outpouring of women's working time on tobacco plantations on family acceptance. This research was conducted in February - March 2018 in Jumo District, Temanggung Regency. The research method was survey. The method of determining the sample was done by Slovin method with a total of 82 samples. The analysis was descriptive analysis and simple regression analysis. The activities of women tobacco farmers are divided from planting land preparation, tobacco seed preparation, tobacco seed nursery, planting, maintenance, harvesting, and post-harvest. The results showed that the average HKSP of female farmers was 764 hours/activity, the average income of women tobacco farmers in Jumo District was Rp.5,596,451. Family welfare can be seen from the dual role of women farmers as housewives and as tobacco farming women to increase family acceptance. There is no significant effect between the working time of female farmers on the acceptance of women tobacco farmers in Jumo District Temanggung Regency because the acceptance of female farmers is given based on activities. There are reasons that keep women farmers working for example their role in to fill busy life and become a side job in addition to their role in domestic sector as housewife.

FLEXIBLE FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT. A PANORAMIC VIEW OF THE ISSUES FROM PERSPECTIVE OF LABOUR LAW

2021 ◽  
Vol specjalny (XXI) ◽  
pp. 147-157
Author(s):  
Jerzy Wratny
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Panoramic View ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Role Of The State

The notion and the classification of the flexible forms of employment including working time solutions and work carried out under civil law contracts have been presented in the study. The premises of the growing flexibility of employment in technological, economic and social aspects have been discussed as well. According to the opinion of the author flexibility of employment is an ambiguous fenomenon having at the same time chances and threats both. Although the role of the state and legal system is to protect workers from negative results of some solutions.

Where Criminal Law Meets Labour Law

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-94
Author(s):  
Catherine Barnard ◽  
Sarah Fraser Butlin
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Time Limits ◽  
Employment Agency ◽  
Employment Agencies

This chapter provides a detailed examination of the politics of criminalization in four key areas: the enforcement of working time rights by the Health and Safety Executive, the enforcement of National Minimum Wage entitlements by Her Majesty’s Revenue and Customs (HMRC), the enforcement role of the Employment Agencies Standards Inspectorate, and the licensing regime administered by the Gangmasters and Labour Abuse Authority. It examines these diverse regimes through an enforcement lens. The Gangmasters and Labour Abuse Authority regime provides for a system of licensing for ‘gangmasters’ in specific sectors of economic activity. The Employment Agency Standards Inspectorate statutory framework specifies that a failure of employment agencies to comply with the certain specified standards itself constitutes a criminal offence. The National Minimum Wage framework provides for a composite mechanism of civil and criminal enforcement. Finally, the various working time limits in the Working Time Regulations are enforced through criminal offences.

From "collective" to "individual" reductions in working time ?

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Lehndorff
Keyword(s):  
Working Life ◽  
Working Time ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
The Past ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Female Labour Market Participation

A survey of working time trends in the countries of the European Union over the past twenty years reveals the diminishing role of general collectively agreed working time reductions. The increasing importance of part-time work is interpreted less as a shift in emphasis from "collective" to "individual" working time reductions than as a concomitant of increasing, female labour market participation which may represent a transition to equal status of men and women in working life. On the basis of the European experiences reported in the other articles contained in this issue, the author discusses possible paths to a revival of collective bargaining and statutory policy in the working time field.

Immigrant–native wage gap in Europe: the role of cognitive skills and their use at work

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna Tverdostup ◽  
Tiiu Paas
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Wage Rate ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Wage Penalty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Final Population

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the role of cognitive skills and extent of skill use at work in explaining the immigrant–native wage gap in Europe. The study targets immigrant–native disparities in literacy and numeracy cognitive skills, as important, yet not exhaustive factor behind immigrants’ wage penalty. Design/methodology/approach The research relies on the Program of International Assessment of Adult Competencies data for 15 European countries. The empirical analysis employs multivariate regression analysis and incorporates the full set of plausible values for each skill domain, to correctly measure cognitive skills. To estimate standard errors, the authors employ Jackknife replication methodology with 80 replication weights and final population weight. Findings The authors document that, on average, immigrants achieve substantially worse scores in literacy and numeracy test domains. Only highly educated immigrants tend to improve their skills over time in host countries. The results of wage gap analysis indicate that having cognitive skills, demographic profile and occupation category comparable to natives does not yield comparable wage rate. The remaining wage gap results from the systematic differences in skills application at work, as immigrants use their skills to lower extent, relative to natives. Originality/value The research employs a novel measure of productive human capital, which accounts for cognitive skills in literacy and numeracy domains, and frequencies of skill use at work. It allows to more precisely evaluate the immigrant–native disparity in human capital application and its reflection on the wage rate.

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