scholarly journals Genome Editing Strategies Towards Enhancement of Rice Disease Resistance

Rice Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Rukmini Mishra ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Raj Kumar Joshi ◽  
Zhao Kaijun
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Rice Disease

scholarly journals Citizen views on genome editing: effects of species and purpose

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesa Busch ◽  
Erin Ryan ◽  
Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk ◽  
Daniel M. Weary
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us

AbstractPublic opinion can affect the adoption of genome editing technologies. In food production, genome editing can be applied to a wide range of applications, in different species and with different purposes. This study analyzed how the public responds to five different applications of genome editing, varying the species involved and the proposed purpose of the modification. Three of the applications described the introduction of disease resistance within different species (human, plant, animal), and two targeted product quality and quantity in cattle. Online surveys in Canada, the US, Austria, Germany and Italy were carried out with a total sample size of 3698 participants. Using a between-subject design, participants were confronted with one of the five applications and asked to decide whether they considered it right or wrong. Perceived risks, benefits, and the perception of the technology as tampering with nature were surveyed and were complemented with socio-demographics and a measure of the participants’ moral foundations. In all countries, participants evaluated the application of disease resistance in humans as most right to do, followed by disease resistance in plants, and then in animals, and considered changes in product quality and quantity in cattle as least right to do. However, US and Italian participants were generally more positive toward all scenarios, and German and Austrian participants more negative. Cluster analyses identified four groups of participants: ‘strong supporters’ who saw only benefits and little risks, ‘slight supporters’ who perceived risks and valued benefits, ‘neutrals’ who showed no pronounced opinion, and ‘opponents’ who perceived higher risks and lower benefits. This research contributes to understanding public response to applications of genome editing, revealing differences that can help guide decisions related to adoption of these technologies.

Genome Editing to Develop Disease Resistance in Crops

2021 ◽  
pp. 224-252
Author(s):  
Kashaf Zafar ◽  
Azka Noureen ◽  
Muhammad Jawad Akbar Awan ◽  
Naveed Anjum ◽  
Muhammad Qasim Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Genome Editing

scholarly journals Efficient CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in a salmonid fish cell line using a lentivirus delivery system

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remi L. Gratacap ◽  
Tim Regan ◽  
Carola E. Dehler ◽  
Samuel A.M. Martin ◽  
Pierre Boudinot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Fish Cell ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Lentivirus Transduction

1AbstractGenome editing is transforming bioscience research, but its application to non-model organisms, such as farmed animal species, requires optimisation. Salmonids are the most important aquaculture species by value, and improving genetic resistance to infectious disease is a major goal. However, use of genome editing to evaluate putative disease resistance genes in cell lines, and the use of genome-wide CRISPR screens is currently limited by a lack of available tools and techniques. In the current study, an optimised protocol using lentivirus transduction for efficient integration of constructs into the genome of a Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshwaytcha) cell line (CHSE-214) was developed. As proof-of-principle, two target genes were edited with high efficiency in an EGFP-Cas9 stable CHSE cell line; specifically, the exogenous, integrated EGFP and the endogenous RIG-I locus. Finally, the effective use of antibiotic selection to enrich the successfully edited targeted population was demonstrated. The optimised lentiviral-mediated CRISPR method reported here increases possibilities for efficient genome editing in salmonid cells, in particular for future applications of genome-wide CRISPR screens for disease resistance.

scholarly journals Genome editing for plant disease resistance: applications and perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1767) ◽  
pp. 20180322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangquan Yin ◽  
Jin-Long Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Genome Modifications ◽  
Global Food

Diseases severely affect crop yield and quality, thereby threatening global food security. Genetic improvement of plant disease resistance is essential for sustainable agriculture. Genome editing has been revolutionizing plant biology and biotechnology by enabling precise, targeted genome modifications. Editing provides new methods for genetic improvement of plant disease resistance and accelerates resistance breeding. Here, we first summarize the challenges for breeding resistant crops. Next, we focus on applications of genome editing technology in generating plants with resistance to bacterial, fungal and viral diseases. Finally, we discuss the potential of genome editing for breeding crops that present novel disease resistance in the future. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Biotic signalling sheds light on smart pest management’.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of genes frequently responsive to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Magnaporthe oryzae infections in rice

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwen Kong ◽  
Li Ding ◽  
Xue Xia
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Go Enrichment ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Rice Disease

Abstract Background Disease resistance is an important factor that impacts rice production. However, the mechanisms underlying rice disease resistance remain to be elucidated. Results Here, we show that a robust set of genes has been defined in rice response to the infections of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Magnaporthe oryzae (Mor). We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the available microarray data from a variety of rice samples with inoculation of Xoo and Mor. A set of 12,932 genes was identified to be regulated by Xoo and another set of 2709 Mor-regulated genes was determined. GO enrichment analysis of the regulated genes by Xoo or Mor suggested mitochondrion may be an arena for the up-regulated genes and chloroplast be another for the down-regulated genes by Xoo or Mor. Cytokinin-related processes were most frequently repressed by Xoo, while processes relevant to jasmonic acid and abscisic acid were most frequently activated by Xoo and Mor. Among genes responsive to Xoo and Mor, defense responses and diverse signaling pathways were the most frequently enriched resistance mechanisms. InterPro annotation showed the zinc finger domain family, WRKY proteins, and Myb domain proteins were the most significant transcription factors regulated by Xoo and Mor. KEGG analysis demonstrated pathways including ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’, ‘biosynthesis of antibiotics’, ‘phenylalanine metabolism’, and ‘biosynthesis of secondary metabolites’ were most frequently triggered by Xoo and Mor, whereas ‘circadian rhythm-plant’ was the most frequent pathway repressed by Xoo and Mor. Conclusions The genes identified here represent a robust set of genes responsive to the infections of Xoo and Mor, which provides an overview of transcriptional reprogramming during rice defense against Xoo and Mor infections. Our study would be helpful in understanding the mechanisms of rice disease resistance.

scholarly journals Potential Candidate Genes for Improving Rice Disease Resistance

Rice ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Delteil ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Philippe Lessard ◽  
Jean-Benoit Morel
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Rice Disease

CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing of banana for disease resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Tripathi ◽  
Valentine O Ntui ◽  
Jaindra N Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Genome Editing

scholarly journals Improvement of Disease Resistance in Livestock: Application of Immunogenomics and CRISPR/Cas9 Technology

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2236
Author(s):  
Md. Aminul Islam ◽  
Sharmin Aqter Rony ◽  
Mohammad Bozlur Rahman ◽  
Mehmet Ulas Cinar ◽  
Julio Villena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Genomic Locations

Disease occurrence adversely affects livestock production and animal welfare, and have an impact on both human health and public perception of food–animals production. Combined efforts from farmers, animal scientists, and veterinarians have been continuing to explore the effective disease control approaches for the production of safe animal-originated food. Implementing the immunogenomics, along with genome editing technology, has been considering as the key approach for safe food–animal production through the improvement of the host genetic resistance. Next-generation sequencing, as a cutting-edge technique, enables the production of high throughput transcriptomic and genomic profiles resulted from host-pathogen interactions. Immunogenomics combine the transcriptomic and genomic data that links to host resistance to disease, and predict the potential candidate genes and their genomic locations. Genome editing, which involves insertion, deletion, or modification of one or more genes in the DNA sequence, is advancing rapidly and may be poised to become a commercial reality faster than it has thought. The clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) [CRISPR/Cas9] system has recently emerged as a powerful tool for genome editing in agricultural food production including livestock disease management. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated insertion of NRAMP1 gene for producing tuberculosis resistant cattle, and deletion of CD163 gene for producing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) resistant pigs are two groundbreaking applications of genome editing in livestock. In this review, we have highlighted the technological advances of livestock immunogenomics and the principles and scopes of application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted genome editing in animal breeding for disease resistance.

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