scholarly journals Experimental Design for the Investigation of the Environmental Factors Effects on Organic Materials (Project INVENVORG). The Case of Paper

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Spiros Zervos ◽  
Konstantinos Choulis ◽  
Georgios Panagiaris
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Organic Materials

Optimal Physical Pretreatment Conditions for the Release of Carbohydrate and Protein from Dairy Manure

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 383-389
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Sun ◽  
Jun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions

Various physical factors including particle size, pH, temperature and so on may influence the release of organic materials from dry dairy manure. The effect of these factors on release of protein and carbohydrate was investigated in this study using Box-Behnken Experimental Design with three factors (particle size, temperature and pH) at three levels. Test results suggested that particle size of 0.15-0.25 mm accounted for almost half of the dry manure particles and the optimum condition for release of protein and carbohydrate were pH 2, particle size 1.0-1.4 mm under reaction temperature of 90 oC, under which the protein and carbohydrate release rates could reach 1570.57 and 2813.29 mg l-1, respectively. The degree to which these factors affected organics release was in the order from high to low of temperature > particle size > pH.

scholarly journals Effects of Certain Environmental Factors and Sex on Poult Growth with Reference to Future Experimental Design

1958 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1051-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Atkinson ◽  
K.R. Bennett ◽  
E.W. Callenbach
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Factors

scholarly journals Uso de diferentes pontas de pulverização no controle de doenças no trigo

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Alicia Baumhardt Dorneles ◽  
Eduardo Leonel Bottega ◽  
Zanandra Boff de Oliveira ◽  
Alberto Eduardo Knies ◽  
Clarissa Moraes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
State University ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Grain Contamination

Unstable environmental factors contribute to the incidence of diseases and pests, causing reduced yield and grain contamination, especially the attack by Giberela (Fusarium graminerum). In this scenario, appropriate management techniques are needed. Strategies such as choosing the suitability of the spray tip for chemical control are indispensable. The aim of this study was to use four spray tips: CVI 11002, ADI ISO 11002, TVI ISO 8002 and ATR 8002. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of The State University of Rio Grande do Sul, in the district of Três Vendas, in Cachoeira do Sul-RS. The cultivar used was TBIO SELETO. The fungicide used was Nativo®. A completely randomized experimental design with 4 replicates and a control plot was adopted. The following parameters were evaluated: weight of one thousand grains (PMG, %), hectoliter weight (PH; kg hL-1) and yield (PRD; kg ha-1). The variance was tested by applying the Snedcor F test (p<0.05) and the means were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.05). The weight of one thousand grains, hectoliter weight and yield were not influenced by the use of different spray tips adopted in the wheat phytosanitary control.

scholarly journals Impact of temperature and photoperiod on survival and biomarkers of senescence in common woodlouse

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Depeux ◽  
Ascel Samba-Louaka ◽  
Christine Braquart-Varnier ◽  
Jérôme Moreau ◽  
Jean-François Lemaître ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMost living organisms display a decline in physiological performances when ageing, a process called senescence that is most often associated with increased mortality risk. Previous researches have shown that both the timing and the intensity of senescence vary a lot within and among species, but the role of environmental factors in this variation is still poorly understood. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated the impact of environmental conditions on the strength of senescence using an experimental design applied to a population of common woodlouse Armadillidium vulgare intensively monitored in the lab. Cellular senescence biomarkers are available in woodlouse and are age-related. These biomarkers provide relevant biomarkers to test the impact of environmental conditions, through changes in temperature and photoperiod, on individuals of the same age maintained in different environmental conditions. We found different effects of the environmental changing: the increasing of day light modification leaded the same effect as age on our senescence biomarkers while temperature modifications leaded the opposite effect as age on the β-galactosidase activity and cell size. We also demonstrated the existence of sex-specific responses to changes in environmental conditions. By using an experimental approach and biomarkers of senescence in woodlouse, we show that environmental conditions and sex both shape the diversity observed in senescence patterns of woodlouse and underline the importance of identifying senescence biomarkers to understand how environmental conditions influence the evolution of senescence.

Insights into microbiome research 2: Experimental design, sample collection, and shipment

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1419-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio E Baranzini
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Standard Practices

Conducting a robust experiment is not trivial in microbiome research, and as with any study, experimental methods, environmental factors, and analysis methods can affect results. Standards for data collection and analysis are still emerging in the field, and notably, many of the most fundamental issues that concern microbiome studies arise from statistical and experimental design issues. The most important challenge for the field is to integrate new approaches that are unique to microbiome studies, while remembering standard practices that are broadly applicable to all scientific studies. In this section, attention is focused on sample collection, storage and shipping of microbiome-related samples, and how careful, purposeful design can increase the statistical power of these studies.

scholarly journals Struktur Komunitas Mikroartropoda Tanah di Lahan Pertanian Organik dan Anorganik di Desa Batur Kecamatan Getasan Salatiga

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Shifa Aulia Husna ◽  
Mochamad Hadi ◽  
Rully Rahadian
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Soil Microarthropods ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors

Soil microarthropods is a arthropods that have an important role in decomposing organic materials and soil nutrients. On the farmland there is organic materials content and soil nutrients that abundants enough, because the addition of manure as a source of energy in the ground. The research was conducted in August-October 2015 took place in the field of organic and inorganic farmland in the Batur Village, Getasan Sub-district, Salatiga. This study aimed to examine the soil microarthropods community structure in organic and inorganic farmland as well as the effect of chemical and physical environmental factors to community structure of soil microarthropods. The study was conducted with samples of soil sampling method (PCT) and extracted using Barlese Funnel Extractor. Statistically show that diversity of soil microarthropods between organic and inorganic farmland are not significantly different. There is found 28 taxa of soil microarthropods in organic farmland and 23 taxa in inorganic. The highest total individual density of the taxa are exist in the organic farmland (2260 individual/ m²). The highest abundance of soil microarthropods taxa in inorganic farmland are Carabidae (26,55%) dan Prostigmata (13,27%), while in inorganic farmland are Carabidae (17,24%) dan larva Coleoptera (13,79%). The evenness of soil microarthropods taxa in organic farmland are much low compared with inorganicfarmland, because there is a dominant taxa (Carabidae). There is an influence relation between the chemical and physical environmental factors including water content, porosity, nutrient, and organic materials with community structure of soil microarthropods. Key words:Community structure, Soil microarthropods, Organic and inorganic farmland

scholarly journals Crioconservación de yemas de microtubérculos de papa Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena mediante desecado de tejidos

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Ángela Liliana Rivera Calderón ◽  
Raúl Iván Valbuena Benavides ◽  
Rigoberto Hidalgo Hidalgo ◽  
José Dílmer Moreno Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Main Step ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

<p class="Corpoica"><span lang="ES-CO">En la Corporación de Investigación Agropecuaria Corpoica, C.I. Tibaitatá, se evaluó la crioconservación de yemas de microtubérculos en dos accesiones de papa Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena de la Colección Central Colombiana: C.C.C. 4318 (carriza) y C.C.C. 4981 (guata negra) mediante la metodología del desecado de yemas. Esta metodología tuvo dos etapas: la preliminar o de ajuste y la principal. En la principal, el secado se hizo con flujo de aire estéril durante 30 minutos, crioconservación en nitrógeno líquido a -196°C durante un día, descongelamiento en baño maría a 37°C durante 3 minutos y recuperación en medio de cultivo (100% MS + 8% sacarosa + 2 g/L carbón activado) durante siete días en oscuridad; luego, el medio de cultivo se cambió (100% MS + 0,04 mg/L kinetina + 0,1mg/L ácido giberélico). El diseño experimental fue al azar: dos accesiones, cuatro tratamientos, diez repeticiones y diez yemas. </span>Se evaluó sobrevivencia a 7, 14 y 30 días. <span lang="ES-CO">Paralelamente se adaptó la prueba de tetrazolio en semillas al 0,5% a 25°C durante 24 horas, y se evaluó a los 14 y 30 días; en esta prueba se dificultó la evaluación de la sobrevivencia de las yemas posiblemente por efecto del medio de cultivo y los factores ambientales; el resultado final fue pérdida de sobrevivencia a los 30 días, posiblemente porque las condiciones de recuperación no fueron aptas. </span></p><p class="Corpoica"><span lang="ES-CO"> </span></p><p class="Corpoica"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Cryoconservation of buds of potato’s microtubers Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena by means of drying tissues</span></strong></p><p class="Corpoica">At the Corporación de Investigación Agropecuaria Corpoica, C.I. Tibaitatá, the cryoconservation of microtubers buds was evaluated in two potato accessions of Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena, C.C.C. 4318 (carriza) and C.C.C. 4981 (guata negra), from the Colombian Central Collection by using the dried bud methodology. This methodology had two steps, the preliminary one or adjustment and the main one. In the main step, the tissue drying was made with sterile air flow for 30 minutes, cryoconservation in liquid nitrogen at -196°C during 1 day, water bath thawing at 37°C for 3 minutes and recuperation culture medium (100% MS + 8% sucrose + 2 g/L activated charcoal) during 7 days in dark, then the cultured medium was changed (100% MS + 0.04 mg/L kinetin + 0.1mg/L gibberellic acid). A completely randomized experimental design with 2 accessions, 4 treatments, 10 replications and 10 buds, was used. The survival was evaluated at 7, 14 and 30 days. At the same time, the tetrazolium test on seeds was adapted at 0.5% a 25°C for 24 hours, and evaluated after 14 and 30 days. In this bioassay, the survival evaluation of the buds was difficult possibly due to the effect of culture medium and environmental factors. The final result was loss of survival at 30 days, probably because the recovery conditions were not suitable. </p>

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