Floral ontogeny and molecular evaluation of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in pinwheel phenotype of Saintpaulia inontha Wendl. periclinal chimera

2020 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 109142
Author(s):  
Mina Kazemian ◽  
Elham Mohajel Kazemi ◽  
Maryam Kolahi ◽  
Valiollah Ghasemi Omran
Keyword(s):  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Periclinal Chimera ◽  
Floral Ontogeny ◽  
Molecular Evaluation

scholarly journals Transcriptome analyses reveal anthocyanin biosynthesis in eggplants

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Ou Xiao ◽  
Wen qiu Lin ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Xue Feng Feng ◽  
Hui Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Negative Regulation ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Cumulative Knowledge

We obtained a white-peel eggplant (L6-5) by EMS mutation in our previous study, whose total anthocyanin content was significantly decreased as compared with that of wild-type (WT). To analyse the anthocyanin biosynthesis mechanism in eggplants, we analysed the eggplant peel by RNA-seq in this study. The transcript results revealed upregulation of 465 genes and downregulation of 525 genes in L6-5 as compared with the WT eggplant. A total of 11 anthocyanin biosynthesis structure genes were significantly downregulated in L6-5 as compared with that in WT. Meanwhile, on the basis of the RT-PCR results of four natural eggplant cultivars, the expression pattern of 11 anthocyanin biosynthesis structure genes was consistent with the anthocyanin content. Thus, we speculated the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in eggplant peel. The transcript and RT-PCR results suggested positive regulation of MYB1, MYB108 and TTG8 and negative regulation of bHLH36 in anthocyanin biosynthesis. This study enhanced our cumulative knowledge about anthocyanin biosynthesis in eggplant peels.

scholarly journals Red Chinese Cabbage Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Structural Genes and Multiple Transcription Factors Regulating Reddish Purple Color

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Jeevan Rameneni ◽  
Su Ryun Choi ◽  
Sushil Satish Chhapekar ◽  
Man-Sun Kim ◽  
Sonam Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Transcriptome Data ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Regulatory Motifs ◽  
Myb Genes ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Genes

Reddish purple Chinese cabbage (RPCC) is a popular variety of Brassica rapa (AA = 20). It is rich in anthocyanins, which have many health benefits. We detected novel anthocyanins including cyanidin 3-(feruloyl) diglucoside-5-(malonoyl) glucoside and pelargonidin 3-(caffeoyl) diglucoside-5-(malonoyl) glucoside in RPCC. Analyses of transcriptome data revealed 32,395 genes including 3345 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 3-week-old RPCC and green Chinese cabbage (GCC). The DEGs included 218 transcription factor (TF) genes and some functionally uncharacterized genes. Sixty DEGs identified from the transcriptome data were analyzed in 3-, 6- and 9-week old seedlings by RT-qPCR, and 35 of them had higher transcript levels in RPCC than in GCC. We detected cis-regulatory motifs of MYB, bHLH, WRKY, bZIP and AP2/ERF TFs in anthocyanin biosynthetic gene promoters. A network analysis revealed that MYB75, MYB90, and MYBL2 strongly interact with anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. Our results show that the late biosynthesis genes BrDFR, BrLDOX, BrUF3GT, BrUGT75c1-1, Br5MAT, BrAT-1, BrAT-2, BrTT19-1, and BrTT19-2 and the regulatory MYB genes BrMYB90, BrMYB75, and BrMYBL2-1 are highly expressed in RPCC, indicative of their important roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis, modification, and accumulation. Finally, we propose a model anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway that includes the unique anthocyanin pigments and genes specific to RPCC.

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway genes and their differential expression in mango peel

Genome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anju Bajpai ◽  
Kasim Khan ◽  
M. Muthukumar ◽  
S. Rajan ◽  
N.K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Splice Variants ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Flavonoid Pathway ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Alternate Splice ◽  
Peel Color ◽  
Mango Peel ◽  
Improvement Programs

Mango fruit is cherished by masses for its taste and nutrition, contributed by color, flavor, and aroma. Among these, peel color is an important trait contributing to fruit quality and market value. We attempted to elucidate the role of key genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway related to fruit peel color from the leaf transcriptome of mango cultivar Amrapali. A total of 108 mined transcript sequences were assigned to the phenylpropanoid–flavonoid pathway from which 15 contigs representing anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were annotated. Alternate splice variants were identified by mapping against genes of Citrus clementina and Vitis vinifera (closest relatives) and protein subcellular localization was determined. Phylogenetic analysis of these pathway genes clustered them into distinct groups aligning with homologous genes of Magnifera indica, C. clementina, and V. vinifera. Expression profiling revealed higher relative fold expressions in mature fruit peel of red-colored varieties (Arunika, Ambika, and Tommy Atkins) in comparison with the green-peeled Amrapali. MiCHS, MiCHI, and MiF3H alternate splice variants revealed differential gene expression. Functionally divergent variants indicate availability of an allelic pool programmed to play critical roles in peel color. This study provides insight into the molecular genetic basis of peel color and offers scope for development of biomarkers in varietal improvement programs.

scholarly journals A functional chromogen gene C from wild rice is involved in a different anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in indica and japonica

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihua Qiao ◽  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Ziyi Yang ◽  
Yan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Novel Allele ◽  
Rice Domestication ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Genes

AbstractAccumulation of anthocyanin is a desirable trait to be selected in rice domestication, but the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in rice remains largely unknown. In this study, a novel allele of chromogen gene C, OrC1, from Oryza rufipongon was cloned and identified as a determinant regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Although OrC1 functions in purple apiculus, leaf sheath and stigma in indica background, it only promotes purple apiculus in japonica. Transcriptome analysis revealed that OrC1 regulates flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and activates a few bHLH and WD40 genes of ternary MYB-bHLH-WD40 complex in indica. Differentially expressed genes and metabolites were found in the indica and japonica backgrounds, indicating that OrC1 activated the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes OsCHI, OsF3H, OsANS, OsINS and OsANR and produced six metabolites independently. Artificial selection and domestication of C1 gene in rice occurred on the coding region in the two subspecies independently. Our results reveal the regulatory system and domestication of C1, provide new insights into MYB transcript factor involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, and show the potential of engineering anthocyanin biosynthesis in rice.Author summaryAccumulation of anthocyanin is a selection trait in rice domestication, whereas the mechanisms regulating the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in rice remain unresolved. Here, a novel allele of chromogen gene C from wild rice (Oryza rufipongon) was identified as a determinant regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. A key question is to what extent the involvement of the C1 gene can explain coloration variability of cultivated rice, where anthocyanin accumulation has been eliminated by artificial selection. Our results reveal the functional chromogen gene C from wild rice causes different coloration phenotypes, regulates various anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and produces different metabolites in indica and japonica. Artificial selection and domestication of the C1 gene in rice only occurs within the coding region of the two subspecies independently.

scholarly journals Functional MYB transcription factor gene HtMYB2 is associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis in Helianthus tuberosus L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieming Gao ◽  
Yuan Zong ◽  
Shipeng Yang ◽  
Lihui Wang ◽  
Baolong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Myb Transcription Factor ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Tuber Skin ◽  
Indel Mutation

Abstract Background: Tuber color is an important trait for Helianthus tuberosus L. (Jerusalem artichoke), but the molecular mechanism underlying it is unknown. Results: In the current study, high-throughput RNA-sequencing was used to compare the transcriptomes between plants with tubers with red or white epidermis. Compared with the white-skinned tubers of cultivar QY3, anthocyanin biosynthesis structural genes had greater expression in the red-skinned tubers of cultivar QY1, indicating that the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway was activated in ‘QY1’; quantitative PCR confirmed this difference in expression. HtMYB2 (Unigene44371_All) was the only MYB transcription factor expressed in the red tuber epidermis of ‘QY1’. HtMYB2 resembled an MYB transcription factor, regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis, and possessing an intact SANT/MYB and MYB-like DNA-binding domain. The anthocyanin concentration in the root, stem, leaf, flower, and tuber epidermis of ‘QY1’ was higher than in ‘QY3’, especially tuber epidermis. Correspondingly, HtMYB2 had greater expression in these tissues of ‘QY1’ than in ‘QY3’. The expression of HtMYB2 was associated with anthocyanin accumulation in the different tissues. Overexpression of HtMYB2 activated the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, accumulating the pigment in leaves of transgenic tobacco, supporting the model that HtMYB2 regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis. Further experiments found that HtMYB2 had the same coding sequence and genomic sequence in ‘QY1’ and ‘QY3’, but that there were several single nucleotide polymorphisms and one insertion–deletion (indel) mutation of 21 nucleotides in the promoter region between the two alleles. The deletion of three nucleotides “AAA” made the promoter of ‘QY1’ predicted to contain one more possible promoter region. A specific primer, based on the indel, could differentiate between cultivars with red or white tuber epidermis. The genetic variation in HtMYB2 was associated with the tuber skin color in a natural population.Conclusions: RNA-seq can successfully isolate the candidate gene (HTMYB2) controlling anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple epidermis of Jerusalem artichoke tuber. HTMYB2 can regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants and is closely related to the formation of purple phenotype in tubers. This study should be useful in understanding the genetic mechanism underlying different tuber skin colors and in breeding new H. tuberosus cultivars with different tuber skin colors.

scholarly journals Construction of yeast one-hybrid library and screening of transcription factors regulating LhMYBSPLATTER expression in Asiatic hybrid lilies (Lilium spp.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwei Cao ◽  
Mengmeng Bi ◽  
Panpan Yang ◽  
Meng Song ◽  
Guoren He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigmentation ◽  
Cdna Insert ◽  
R2r3 Myb ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Anthocyanins, which belong to flavonoids, are widely colored among red-purple pigments in the Asiatic hybrid lilies (Lilium spp.). Transcription factor (TF) LhMYBSPLATTER (formerly known as LhMYB12-Lat), identified as the major kernel protein, regulating the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in ‘Tiny Padhye’ of Tango Series cultivars, which the pigmentation density is high in the lower half of tepals and this patterning is of exceptional ornamental value. However, the research on mechanism of regulating the spatial and temporal expression differences of LhMYBSPLATTER, which belongs to the R2R3-MYB subfamily, is still not well established. To explore the molecular mechanism of directly related regulatory proteins of LhMYBSPLATTER in the anthocyanin pigmentation, the yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) cDNA library was constructed and characterized. Results In this study, we describe a yeast one-hybrid library to screen transcription factors that regulate LhMYBSPLATTER gene expression in Lilium, with the library recombinant efficiency of over 98%. The lengths of inserted fragments ranged from 400 to 2000 bp, and the library capacity reached 1.6 × 106 CFU of cDNA insert, which is suitable to fulfill subsequent screening. Finally, seven prey proteins, including BTF3, MYB4, IAA6-like, ERF4, ARR1, ERF WIN1-like, and ERF061 were screened by the recombinant bait plasmid and verified by interaction with the LhMYBSPLATTER promoter. Among them, ERFs, AUX/IAA, and BTF3 may participate in the negative regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in Lilium. Conclusion A yeast one-hybrid library of lily was successfully constructed in the tepals for the first time. Seven candidate TFs of LhMYBSPLATTER were screened, which may provide a theoretical basis for the study of floral pigmentation.

scholarly journals Control of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway gene expression by eutypine, a toxin fromEutypa lata, in grape cell tissue cultures

2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (8) ◽  
pp. 971-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Afifi ◽  
Ashraf El-Kereamy ◽  
Valérie Legrand ◽  
Christian Chervin ◽  
Marie-Carmen Monje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Pathway Gene ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Grape Cell

scholarly journals Genetic and Physical Localization of the Gene Controlling Leaf Pigmentation Pattern in Medicago truncatula

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4159-4165
Author(s):  
Xiaocheng Yu ◽  
Qiulin Qin ◽  
Xia Wu ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Shengming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Dominant Trait ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Protein Coding Genes

In Medicago truncatula, some ecotypes form a black or purple stain in the middle of adaxial leaf surface due to accumulation of anthocyanins. However, this morphological marker is missing in some other ecotypes, although anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway is not disrupted. Genetic analysis indicated that the lack of the leaf spot of anthocyanins accumulation is a dominant trait, which is controlled by a single gene, LPP1. Genetic mapping indicated that the LPP1 gene was delimited to a 280 kb-region on Chromosome 7. A total of 8 protein-coding genes were identified in the LPP1 locus through gene annotation and sequence analysis. Of those, two genes, putatively encoding MYB-transcriptional suppressors, were selected as candidates for functional validation.

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