An improved Agrobacterium mediated transformation and regeneration protocol for successful genetic engineering and genome editing in eggplant

2021 ◽  
pp. 110716
Author(s):  
Muslima Khatun ◽  
Bhabesh Borphukan ◽  
Iftekhar Alam ◽  
Chaman Ara Keya ◽  
Malireddy K. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation

Evaluation of diploid potato germplasm for applications of genome editing and genetic engineering

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilani B. Jayakody ◽  
Felix Eugenio Enciso-Rodríguez ◽  
Jacob Jensen ◽  
David S. Douches ◽  
Satya Swathi Nadakuduti
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Diploid Potato ◽  
Potato Germplasm

scholarly journals CRISPR-Cas9 System for Plant Genome Editing: Current Approaches and Emerging Developments

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Adolf V. Montecillo ◽  
Luan Luong Chu ◽  
Hanhong Bae
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Editing Efficiency ◽  
Targeted Gene Editing ◽  
Transgene Detection ◽  
Selection Of

Targeted genome editing using CRISPR-Cas9 has been widely adopted as a genetic engineering tool in various biological systems. This editing technology has been in the limelight due to its simplicity and versatility compared to other previously known genome editing platforms. Several modifications of this editing system have been established for adoption in a variety of plants, as well as for its improved efficiency and portability, bringing new opportunities for the development of transgene-free improved varieties of economically important crops. This review presents an overview of CRISPR-Cas9 and its application in plant genome editing. A catalog of the current and emerging approaches for the implementation of the system in plants is also presented with details on the existing gaps and limitations. Strategies for the establishment of the CRISPR-Cas9 molecular construct such as the selection of sgRNAs, PAM compatibility, choice of promoters, vector architecture, and multiplexing approaches are emphasized. Progress in the delivery and transgene detection methods, together with optimization approaches for improved on-target efficiency are also detailed in this review. The information laid out here will provide options useful for the effective and efficient exploitation of the system for plant genome editing and will serve as a baseline for further developments of the system. Future combinations and fine-tuning of the known parameters or factors that contribute to the editing efficiency, fidelity, and portability of CRISPR-Cas9 will indeed open avenues for new technological advancements of the system for targeted gene editing in plants.

Genetic-Improvement of Floricultural Crops Using Biotechnology

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 765 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Hutchinson ◽  
V Kaul ◽  
G Maheswaran ◽  
JR Moran ◽  
MW Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
New Gene

Floricultural crops are an ideal target for improvement using biotechnology. While a range of techniques such as somaclonal variation, embryo and haploid culture has been successfully used, they have yet to result in the release of a new cultivar that has a major impact on the industry. Genetic engineering, more than any other technique, offers the most potential because it is possible to transfer a new gene, conferring a single trait, to an existing cultivar. Recent advances in the regeneration of adventitious shoots and somatic embryos, and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the major flower crops (carnation, chrysanthemum, rose and gerbera) are reviewed. To date, all four species can be regenerated and transformed but with varying degrees of success. Notable advances have been made with carnation and chrysanthemum, where genes of potential importance have been transferred and expressed.

scholarly journals Molecular Abiotic Stress Tolerans Strategies: From Genetic Engineering to Genome Editing Era

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Meriç ◽  
Alp Ayan ◽  
Çimen Atak
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Genomic Engineering ◽  
Transporter Protein ◽  
Abiotic Stress Factors

In last decades, plants were increasingly subjected to multiple environmental abiotic stress factors as never before due to their stationary nature. Excess urbanization following the intense industrial applications introduced combinations of abiotic stresses as heat, drought, salinity, heavy metals etc. to plants in various intensities. Technological advancements brought novel biotechnological tools to the abiotic stress tolerance area as an alternative to time and money consuming traditional crop breeding activities as well as they brought vast majority of the problem themselves. Discoveries of single gene (as osmoprotectant, detoxyfying enzyme, transporter protein genes etc.) and multi gene (biomolecule synthesis, heat shock protein, regulatory transcription factor and signal transduction genes etc.) targets through functional genomic approaches identified abiotic stress responsive genes through EST based cDNA micro and macro arrays. In nowadays, genetic engineering and genome editing tools are present to transfer genes among different species and modify these target genes in site specific, even single nuclotide specific manner. This present chapter will evaluate genomic engineering approaches and applications targeting these abiotic stress tolerance responsive mechanisms as well as future prospects of genome editing applications in this field.

Genetic Engineering and Editing of Plants: An Analysis of New and Persisting Questions

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 659-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Mackelprang ◽  
Peggy G. Lemaux
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Molecular Biology Technique ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
New Science ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Genetically Engineered Plants ◽  
Or Genes

Genetic engineering is a molecular biology technique that enables a gene or genes to be inserted into a plant's genome. The first genetically engineered plants were grown commercially in 1996, and the most common genetically engineered traits are herbicide and insect resistance. Questions and concerns have been raised about the effects of these traits on the environment and human health, many of which are addressed in a pair of 2008 and 2009 Annual Review of Plant Biology articles. As new science is published and new techniques like genome editing emerge, reanalysis of some of these issues, and a look at emerging issues, is warranted. Herein, an analysis of relevant scientific literature is used to present a scientific perspective on selected topics related to genetic engineering and genome editing.

Genetic Engineering, GMOs, and Genome Editing

2020 ◽  
pp. 261-307
Author(s):  
Alan McHughen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
New Products ◽  
First Century ◽  
Base Sequence ◽  
Gene Drive ◽  
Synthetic Dna ◽  
Dna Base ◽  
Dna Technology ◽  
Foreign Genes

DNA is the very core of human existence. The thought of humans manipulating the DNA base sequence of a living thing can be unsettling, disturbing, and sometimes intensely controversial. What are some of the techniques and what are some of the purposes? And what are the concerns? Chapter 10 considers the most controversial use of DNA technology: genetic engineering. It also explores twenty-first century technologies recently developed beyond the “old-fashioned” genetic engineering methods of the 1970s and ’80s. These newer technologies, with curious names, will soon be responsible for putting new products on the market. Synthetic DNA and gene drive are recent additions raising both exciting new possibilities and, simultaneously, old fears. New genome editing technologies, with cool names such as CRISP-Cas9, RNAi, Zinc Finger, and Talens, alter the native DNA in the genome—hence genome editing—and thus forego the need to add DNA from other species or to synthesize entirely. This strategy, say proponents, should quiet the concerns raised from those worried about introducing “foreign” genes from different species. Are you ready?

scholarly journals Transgene-Free Genome Editing in Tomato and Potato Plants Using Agrobacterium-Mediated Delivery of a CRISPR/Cas9 Cytidine Base Editor

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Veillet ◽  
Laura Perrot ◽  
Laura Chauvin ◽  
Marie-Paule Kermarrec ◽  
Anouchka Guyon-Debast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Genome Engineering ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation ◽  
Dicotyledonous Plants ◽  
Function Discovery ◽  
Vegetatively Propagated Plants

Genome editing tools have rapidly been adopted by plant scientists for gene function discovery and crop improvement. The current technical challenge is to efficiently induce precise and predictable targeted point mutations valuable for crop breeding purposes. Cytidine base editors (CBEs) are CRISPR/Cas9 derived tools recently developed to direct a C-to-T base conversion. Stable genomic integration of CRISPR/Cas9 components through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the most widely used approach in dicotyledonous plants. However, elimination of foreign DNA may be difficult to achieve, especially in vegetatively propagated plants. In this study, we targeted the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene in tomato and potato by a CBE using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. We successfully and efficiently edited the targeted cytidine bases, leading to chlorsulfuron-resistant plants with precise base edition efficiency up to 71% in tomato. More importantly, we produced 12.9% and 10% edited but transgene-free plants in the first generation in tomato and potato, respectively. Such an approach is expected to decrease deleterious effects due to the random integration of transgene(s) into the host genome. Our successful approach opens up new perspectives for genome engineering by the co-edition of the ALS with other gene(s), leading to transgene-free plants harboring new traits of interest.

scholarly journals THE JOURNEY OF CRISPR-CAS9 FROM BACTERIAL DEFENSE MECHANISM TO A GENE EDITING TOOL IN BOTH ANIMALS AND PLANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Tahir ◽  
Q Ali ◽  
MS Rashid ◽  
A Malik
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Zinc Finger Nucleases ◽  
Transcription Activator

Today we can use multiple of endonucleases for genome editing which has become very important and used in number of applications. We use sequence specific molecular scissors out of which, most important are mega nucleases, zinc finger nucleases, TALENS (Transcription Activator Like-Effector Nucleases) and CRISPR-Cas9 which is currently the most famous due to a number of reasons, they are cheap, easy to build, very specific in nature and their success rate in plants and animals is also high. Who knew that one day these CRISPR discovered as a part of immune system of bacteria will be this much worthwhile in the field of genetic engineering? This review interprets the science behind their mechanism and how several advancements were made with the passage of time to make them more efficient for the assigned job.

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