Tracing dissolved organic carbon and trihalomethane formation potential between source water and finished drinking water at a lowland and an upland UK catchment

The reduction of organic content through transformation processes in the Danube aquifer along a studied area, biodegradability of Danube bank filtrate and its enhancement by ozonation have all been examined in a study carried out in order to assess amenability of Danube bank filtrate for bio-filtration. As determined during the study period Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) varied from 4.6–6.5 mgC/L and from 2.8–3.7 mgC/L in Danube River and Danube bank filtrate respectively. As determined 11.2% of Danube bank filtrate DOC was bio-degradable. A substantial enhancement of biodegradability has been observed after the application of Ozone dosages ranging from 0.45 to 0.9 mgO3/ mgC. It was concluded that Danube bank filtrate itself is not amenable for bio-filtration but an enhancement of its bio-degradability by ozonation could make bio-filtration a reasonable and economical option for reducing of DOC content to the levels that provide low risk of excessive disinfection by-products formation and prevent bacterial re-growth in distribution networks of cities using Danube bank filtrate as the source water.

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Minimization of the Disinfection by-Product Precursors in Treated Waters Exposed to Ozone and Chlorine

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.91 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 884-885 ◽

pp. 91-95

Author(s):

Shang Chao Yue ◽

Le Jun Zhao ◽

Xiu Duo Wang ◽

Qi Shan Wang ◽

Feng Hua He

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽

Water Supply ◽

River Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Full Scale ◽

Ultraviolet Absorbance ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Removal Efficiencies

The objectives of this study were to investigate impact of preoxidation on disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors in drinking water via two different preoxidation methods. The full-scale study was conducted on surface river water in a water supply plant in Tianjin, China. Two treatment trains were performed, with prechlorination and preozonation as preoxidation methods, respectively. The water samples were collected on different stages along the treatment processes and analyzed by following organic parameters: dissolved organic carbon (DOC), UV254 and specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA). The results indicated that Train 2 with preozonation was more effective to reduce DBP precursors. Preozonation possessed an excellent ability in the removal of UV254 and SUVA, the removal efficiencies were 25.14% and 18.77%, respectively, comparing to the removal rates of 6.66% and 5.64% during prechlorination, separately.

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Predicting Source Water Quality Following Wildfires Using Hydrologic Modeling

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-78 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katie Wampler ◽

Kevin D. Bladon ◽

Monireh Faramarzi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

The United States ◽

First Year ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Source Water ◽

Forested Watersheds ◽

Field Samples ◽

The World

<p>Forested watersheds are critical sources of the majority of the world&#8217;s drinking water. Almost one-third of the world&#8217;s largest cities and two-thirds of cities in the United States (US) rely on forested watersheds for their water supply. These forested regions are vulnerable to the increasing incidence of large and severe wildfires due to increases in regional temperatures and greater accumulation of fuels. When wildfires occur, increases in suspended sediment and organic carbon can negatively affect aquatic ecosystem health and create many costly challenges to the drinking water treatment process. These effects are often largest in the first year following a wildfire. While past research has shown the likelihood of source water impacts from wildfire, the magnitude of effects remains uncertain in most regions. In our study, we will quantify the projected short-term effects of three large (>70,000 ha) wildfires on key water quality parameters (sediment and organic carbon) in two important forested source watersheds in the Cascade Range of Oregon, US. We calibrated and validated a modified Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate streamflow, sediment loads and transport, as well as in-stream organic carbon processes for a historical period prior to wildfire. The calibrated model parameters were then modified based on literature values and burn severity maps to represent post-fire conditions of the three large wildfires. The parameter adjustments for simulating wildfire will be validated with post-fire water quality field samples from the wildfires. We will present estimations of future water quality impacts in the burned watersheds under different precipitation conditions at a daily scale for the first year following the wildfires, which will provide testable hypotheses. Additionally, we will determine catchment characteristics most critical in determining the post-fire water quality response. This work will help predict the magnitude of effects from these historic wildfires, which can inform forest and drinking water management decision making.</p>

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Small-scale drinking water treatment unit of filtration and UV disinfection for remote area

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2020.109 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 2106-2118

Author(s):

Kassim Chabi ◽

Jie Zeng ◽

Lizheng Guo ◽

Xi Li ◽

Chengsong Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽

Bacterial Community Composition ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Small Scale ◽

Treatment Unit ◽

Remote Areas

Abstract People in remote areas are still drinking surface water that may contain certain pollutants including harmful microorganisms and chemical compounds directly without any pretreatment. In this study, we have designed and operated a pilot-scale drinking water treatment unit as part of our aim to find an economic and easily operable technology for providing drinking water to people in those areas. Our small-scale treatment unit contains filtration and disinfection (UV–C irradiation) stages to remove pollutants from source water. The water quality index was determined based on various parameters such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon and bacteria. Water and media samples after DNA extraction were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq throughput sequencing for the determination of bacterial community composition. After the raw water treatment, the reduction of bacteria concentration ranged from 1 to 2 log10. The average removal of the turbidity, ammonium, nitrite, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon reached up to 95.33%, 85.71%, 100%, 28.57%, and 45%, respectively. In conclusion, multiple biological stages in our designed unit showed an improvement of the drinking water quality. The designed drinking treatment unit produces potable water meeting standards at a lower cost of operation and it can be used in remote areas.

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Trihalomethane Formation Potential of Filter Isolates of Electrolyte-Extractable Soil Organic Carbon

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq2004.0426 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 1992-1997

Author(s):

Alex T. Chow ◽

Fengmao Guo ◽

Suduan Gao ◽

Richard S. Breuer

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Formation Potential ◽

Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽

Extractable Soil

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Concentration of Total Organic Carbon and Its Fractions in Surface Water in Poland and Germany

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2020051035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Patrycja Sobczak ◽

Agata Rosińska

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Surface Water ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽

Total Organic Carbon ◽

Rhine River ◽

Bacteriological Quality ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon

Total organic carbon (TOC) present in surface water consists of different fractions like dissolved organic carbon (DOC) or biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC). BDOC may have an impact on the bacteriological quality of water as it can be a source of carbon and energy for microorganisms. It is important to consider this parameter in case of the distribution of drinking water. The aim of this research was to compare the qualities of chosen surface water in Poland and Germany in terms of concentration of total organic carbon and its fractions. The samples were taken from the reservoir in Poland and Rhine River in Germany. The first one is a source of drinking water for humans. The research showed that, considering the analyzed compounds, the water from the river has better quality.

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