Sulfidation of ZVI/AC composite leads to highly corrosion-resistant nanoremediation particles with extended life-time

2019 ◽  
Vol 665 ◽  
pp. 235-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vogel ◽  
Anett Georgi ◽  
Frank-Dieter Kopinke ◽  
Katrin Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Life Time ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Extended Life

Performance and Applicability of the New Material Heat Exchanger to Substitute for Titanium

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Ju Kim ◽  
Ho-Saeng Lee ◽  
Young-Kwon Jung ◽  
Wee-Yeong Oh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Plate Heat Exchanger ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Plate Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy Conversion ◽  
New Material ◽  
Ocean Thermal Energy

Heat exchanger takes important role in economic feasibility for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) or Sea Water Air Conditioning (SWAC) systems. As the portion of heat exchanger made of titanium (Ti) with anti-corrosion function against seawater is more than 20∼30% of total initial cost, the economical feasibility can be enhanced by replacing titanium with cheaper corrosion-resistant materials or treatment methods. This study carry out to examine the corrosion-resistant property of Electrodeposited Oxy-Nitriding Steel (EONS) plate, it turns out life time of the EONS plate is more than 13.9 years. Also, the heat transfer performance for condensation and evaporation of the EONS plate heat exchanger were found to be 11.3% and 7% higher than those of Ti plate heat exchanger. If the life time of the EONS plate of 13.9 years compared to the Ti plate which could be assumed about 30 years, then practical application is possible whether its production cost is found to be less than 46.5% of Ti plate. Lower cost of mass-producing EONS plate by 45% than existing Ti plate seems to enable the substitution in OTEC and SWAC.

SEM and Auger microanalysis studies of Cu-Be dynode surfaces at each activation condition

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
T. Koshikawa ◽  
Y. Fujii ◽  
E. Sugata ◽  
F. Kanematsu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Emission ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Secondary Electron Emission ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Electron Multiplier ◽  
Activation Condition ◽  
Activation Conditions

The Cu-Be alloys are widely used as the electron multiplier dynodes after the adequate activation process. But the structures and compositions of the elements on the activated surfaces were not studied clearly. The Cu-Be alloys are heated in the oxygen atmosphere in the usual activation techniques. The activation conditions, e.g. temperature and O2 pressure, affect strongly the secondary electron yield and life time of dynodes.In the present paper, the activated Cu-Be dynode surfaces at each condition are investigated with Scanning Auger Microanalyzer (SAM) (primary beam diameter: 3μmϕ) and SEM. The commercial Cu-Be(2%) alloys were polished with Cr2O3 powder, rinsed in the distilled water and set in the vacuum furnance.Two typical activation condition, i.e. activation temperature 730°C and 810°C in 5x10-3 Torr O2 pressure were chosen since the formation mechanism of the BeO film on the Cu-Be alloys was guessed to be very different at each temperature from the results of the secondary electron emission measurements.

Physical, Chemical, and Crystallographic Characterization of Anodic Coatings on High Strength Aluminum Base Alloys

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert ◽  
N. T. McDevitt
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Anodic Films ◽  
Sodium Dichromate ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Adhesive Bonded Joints

Durability of adhesive bonded joints in moisture and salt spray environments is essential to USAF aircraft. Structural bonding technology for aerospace applications has depended for many years on the preparation of aluminum surfaces by a sulfuric acid/sodium dichromate (FPL etch) treatment. Recently, specific thin film anodizing techniques, phosphoric acid, and chromic acid anodizing have been developed which not only provide good initial bond strengths but vastly improved environmental durability. These thin anodic films are in contrast to the commonly used thick anodic films such as the sulfuric acid or "hard" sulfuric acid anodic films which are highly corrosion resistant in themselves, but which do not provide good initial bond strengths, particularly in low temperature peel.The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of anodic films on aluminum alloys that make them corrosion resistant. The chemical composition, physical morphology and structure, and mechanical properties of the thin oxide films were to be defined and correlated with the environmental stability of these surfaces in humidity and salt spray. It is anticipated that anodic film characteristics and corrosion resistance will vary with the anodizing processing conditions.

Negative Life Events Associated With Deliberate Self-Harm in an African Population in Uganda

Crisis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kinyanda ◽  
H. Hjelmeland ◽  
S. Musisi
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Suicide Interventions

Abstract. Negative life events associated with deliberate self-harm (DSH) were investigated in an African context in Uganda. Patients admitted at three general hospitals in Kampala, Uganda were interviewed using a Luganda version (predominant language in the study area) of the European Parasuicide Study Interview Schedule I. The results of the life events and histories module are reported in this paper. The categories of negative life events in childhood that were significantly associated with DSH included those related to parents, significant others, personal events, and the total negative life events load in childhood. For the later-life time period, the negative life events load in the partner category and the total negative life events in this time period were associated with DSH. In the last-year time period, the negative life events load related to personal events and the total number of negative life events in this time period were associated with DSH. A statistically significant difference between the cases and controls for the total number of negative life events reported over the entire lifetime of the respondents was also observed, which suggests a dose effect of negative life events on DSH. Gender differences were also observed among the cases. In conclusion, life events appear to be an important factor in DSH in this cultural environment. The implication of these results for treatment and the future development of suicide interventions in this country are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document