The subjective sensation induced by various thermal pulse stimulation in healthy volunteers

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-178
Author(s):  
Y. Oono ◽  
H. Kubo ◽  
T. Imamura ◽  
K. Matsumoto ◽  
S. Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Heat Pulse ◽  
Peltier Element ◽  
Cold Pain ◽  
Thermal Pulse ◽  
Heat Sensation ◽  
Thermal Stimulator ◽  
Subjective Sensation ◽  
Pulse Stimulation

AbstractAimsNovel quantitative thermal stimulator devices (QTSDs) have been developed to deliver thermal pulse stimulation with regulated constant temperatures (0–45°C) with a Peltier element probe (16 cm2). The aim of this study was to investigate subjective sensation induced by the interaction between simultaneously applied painful cold and heat stimuli in various sites.MethodsTwenty healthy subjects (12 men and 8 women, age range: 25–45 years) participated. The intensity of cold pain (CP) and heat pain (HP) stimuli were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and adjusted to elicit approximately 70/100 mm. Alternately pulse stimulations (pulse duration of 40 s; 0.025 Hz) which consisted of CP, HP, or neutral temperature (32°C) were applied. Four conditions were tested and subjective sensations were assessed: (1) one QTSD was applied to non-dominant forearm and cold-heat pulse stimulation was applied.Two QTSDs were applied to (2) non-dominant ipsilateral forearm with 5 cm apart, (3) non-dominant and contralateral forearms, (4) non-dominant forearm and ipsilateral thigh, respectively. In conditions of (2)–(4), CP-neutral pulse stimulation (C-Neutral) and neutral-HP pulse stimulation (Neutral-H) were applied simultaneously with opposite phase, respectively.ResultsCP and HP were 3.9±1.0°C (mean±SD) and 43.6±0.9°C (mean±SD), respectively. The VAS values for CP and HP were 73.4±2.0 mm (mean±SD) and 76.4 ±4.8 mm (mean±SD), respectively. Some subjects could not discriminate cold or heat sensation and some felt cold as heat (paradoxical sensation). The number of subjects with such paradoxical sensation in (1), (2), (3), (4) were 9 (45%), 2 (10%), 0 (0%) and 3 (15%), respectively.ConclusionsIn healthy volunteers, simultaneous alternately cold-heat pulse stimulation on one site triggered paradoxical thermal sensation, which to a much less degree is triggered when C-Neutral and Neutral-H were applied to different dermatomes. This suggests that the mechanism is primarily triggered peripherally.

scholarly journals The Added Value of Sensitivity to Nonnoxious Stimuli to Predict an Individual’s Sensitivity to Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. E783-E794
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Light Sensitivity ◽  
Heat Pain ◽  
Cold Pain ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Anxiety Depression

BACKGROUND: Simple tools are needed to predict postoperative pain. Questionnaire-based tools such as the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) are validated for this purpose, but prediction could be improved by incorporating other parameters. OBJECTIVES: To explore the potency of sensitivity to nonpainful stimuli and biometric data to improve prediction of pain. STUDY DESIGN: Transversal exploratory study. SETTING: Single clinical investigation center. METHODS. Eighty-five healthy volunteers of both genders underwent a multimodal exploration including biometry, questionnaire-based assessment of anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, sensitivity to smell, and the PSQ, followed by a psychophysical assessment of unpleasantness thresholds for light and sound, and sensitivity to mechanical, heat, and cold pain. These last 3 parameters were used to calculate a composite pain score. After a multi-step selection, multivariable analyses identified the explanative factors of experimental pain sensitivity, by including biometric, questionnaire-based, and psychophysical nonnociceptive sensitivity parameters, with the aim of having each domain represented. RESULTS: Female gender predicted mechanical pain, a younger age and dark eyes predicted cold pain, and the PSQ predicted heat pain. Sensitivity to unpleasantness of sound predicted mechanical and heat pain, and sensitivity to unpleasantness of light predicted cold pain. Sensitivity to smell was unrelated. The predictors of the composite pain score were the PSQ, the light unpleasantness threshold, and an interaction between gender and eye color, the score being lower in light-eyed men and higher in all women. The final multivariable multi-domain model was more predictive of pain than the PSQ alone (R2 = 0.301 vs 0.122, respectively). LIMITATIONS: Sensitivity to smell was only assessed by a short questionnaire and could lack relevance. Healthy volunteers were unlikely to elicit psychological risk factors such as anxiety, depression, or catastrophizing. These results have not been validated in a clinical setting (e.g., perioperative). CONCLUSION: The predictive potential of the PSQ can be improved by including information about gender, eye color, and light sensitivity. However, there is still a need for a technique suitable for routine clinical use to assess light sensitivity. KEY WORDS: Personalized medicine, postoperative pain, senses, prediction, photophobia, hyperacusis, eye color, hypervigilance, sensory over-responsivity

scholarly journals 214 Virtual reality hypnosis on cold pain perception in healthy volunteers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Terzulli ◽  
C Chauvin ◽  
C Champagnol Di-Liberti ◽  
S Faisan ◽  
A Dufour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Cold Pain

Development and Evaluation of a Low-Energy Consumption Wearable Wrist Warming Device

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Lopez ◽  
Takahiro Tokuda ◽  
Manami Oshima ◽  
Kizito Nkurikiyeyezu ◽  
Naoya Isoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Peltier Element ◽  
Direct Head ◽  
Body Cooling ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Today in Japan, comfortable lifestyle and environment realized by abundant electric power is being questioned by energy consumption reduction policies called “cool biz” in summer, and “warm biz” in winter. One reason of these policies is the bad energy consumption efficiency of current air-conditioning systems that cool or warm indirectly human body. Several researches have been investigating the effect of direct human body cooling and warming. However, most proposed solutions focus on direct head or neck cooling, using ice to cool a water circulating system, such temperature during use cannot be controlled accurately nor adapted to user and environment conditions. Recently, a Japanese research team developed a portable system using Peltier elements that can both cool and warm neck. Though cooling was demonstrated to affect positively both physiological and psychological state in summer heat environment, in cold climate it could be confirmed for only neck warming but not feet and hands. In our objective of developing effective energy saving technology for direct temperature-conditioning of human body, and in order to reduce the discomfort caused by body chillness, we have proposed and developed a Peltier element based wrist-mounted wearable device that directly warms human body. A first experimental study showed how wrist warming rhythm affects hyperthermic sensation. Then, we verified whether the thermal sensation of the body, including the extremities, is improved by changing the position where the wrist is warmed.

Reduction of Postburn Hyperalgesia after Local Injection of Ketorolac in Healthy Volunteers

1996 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Lundell ◽  
David G. Silverman ◽  
Sorin J. Brull ◽  
Theresa Z. O'Connor ◽  
Luke M. Kitahata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Thermal Testing ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Thermal Stimulator

Background Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs may be particularly effective against prostaglandin-mediated, post-injury hyperalgesia and related inflammatory pain. However, their usefulness may be limited by their systemic side effects. The current study determined if local effectiveness can be achieved by low-dose intradermal nonsteroidal antiinflamatory drug administration. Methods Ten healthy volunteers were asked to make magnitude estimations of the pain induced by a contact thermal stimulator at 1 degree C increments between 43 and 51 degrees C at three 1 x 1 cm study sites on each forearm during three study phases:(1) baseline; (2) after pretreatment with 10 microl 0.9% saline (n=1 site on each forearm), 0.3 mg ketorolac (n=1 on each forearm), or nothing (n=1 on each forearm); and (3) after "injury" by a mild burn at the ketorolac- and saline-treated sites on one arm or by injection of 10 nmol bradykinin at all three sites on the other arm. The effects of pretreatment on the pain induced by thermal testing were assessed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results Pretreatment with ketorolac had a selective effect on the postburn injury hyperalgesia, reducing the increase in pain intensity (P<0.05) but not the decline in pain threshold. It had no effect on the responses to thermal stimuli before injury or on the pain of burning, which were similar at ketorolac- and saline-treated sites. The effect of pretreatment with ketorolac on bradykinin-induced hyperalgesia was not achieved after bradykinin injection at sites pretreated with saline as well as ketorolac.

scholarly journals Building Thermal Comfort Research Based on Energy-Saving Concept

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Feiran Xue ◽  
Jingyuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Heat Sensation ◽  
Heating Energy Consumption

Under the trend of building green and comfortable development, effective control of building energy consumption has become one of the problems that countries are actively facing to solve. People’s demand for residential buildings has changed from the past survival type to a comfortable and livable type. The high level of heating energy consumption is worthy of in-depth study. In order to reduce energy consumption, realize the mapping of energy-saving concepts in buildings, and understand the energy consumption of different building materials and the influence of external factors on human thermal comfort, this book has conducted research on building thermal comfort based on energy-saving concepts. First of all, this article introduces the concept and application mode of energy-saving concepts in buildings and the concept of thermal comfort and the SET index of standard effective temperature, including the two-node model and the algorithm involved in the Fanger heat balance equation. In the experimental part, a model based on the concept of energy saving was designed to predict and analyze the energy consumption and thermal comfort effects of the building. In the analysis part, a comprehensive analysis of the effects of temperature, humidity, wind speed, and gender on thermal comfort, methods to improve thermal comfort, cumulative load changes with the heat transfer coefficient of windows, and the effects of windows of different materials on energy consumption was performed. At the same temperature, the wind speed is different, and the degree of heat sensation is also different. When the wind speed is 0.18 m/s and the temperature is 28°C, the thermal sensation is 0.32, and the human sensation is close to neutral. When the wind speed increases to 0.72 m/s, the heat sensation drops to −0.45, and the human body feels neutral and cool. It can be seen that the increase in wind speed has a certain compensation effect on the thermal sensation of the human body. When the wind speed does not change, increase the air temperature. For example, when the wind speed is 0.72 m/s, the temperature is 28°C, and the thermal sensation is −0.45, and when the temperature is increased to 29°C, the thermal sensation is 0.08, which shows that the temperature is improving the thermal sensation of the human body which has a certain offsetting effect. By studying the thermal comfort of buildings based on energy-saving concepts, it is possible to obtain the effect of external factors on thermal comfort, thereby optimizing building materials and using building materials with lower heat transfer coefficients to reduce heating energy consumption.

scholarly journals Responses of single cutaneous fibers to noxious thermal pulse stimulation of cat upper hind limb

Pain ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-yuan Li ◽  
Thomas J. Morrow ◽  
Kenneth L. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Hind Limb ◽  
Thermal Pulse ◽  
Pulse Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Study on subjective sensation and physiological reaction with high physical activity influenced by air temperature of stadium

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1336-1345
Author(s):  
Yongqiang Xiao ◽  
Yaping Gao ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
High Physical Activity ◽  
Subjective Sensation

As the main venue for sports training and competition, the thermal environment of a stadium directly could affect the comfort and health of a moving body and sports performance. In this study, the quantitative relationship between ambient temperature and subjective sensation evaluation was established by monitoring the actual thermal sensation evaluation, fatigue sensation cognition and physiological response with high physical activity, under different conditions of ambient temperature. The results show that 90% of subjects can actually accept an ambient temperature range of 18.6°C–26°C. This is 2°C higher than the maximum recommended range in the ISO 7730:2005 thermal comfort standard, reflecting a strong tolerance of the moving human body to low or high temperature environments. A high temperature environment could cause exercise fatigue to occur prematurely. Moreover, the study suggests that the critical point for early occurrence of fatigue sensation in a moving human body is 28°C. The relationship between the environmental temperature and the physiological response was evaluated by mean skin temperature, blood pressure and heart rate of the human body. These are used as evaluation indexes of physiological parameters. Ambient temperature has a significant effect on the objective physiological response of the moving human body, which coincides with the subject’s definition of subjective sensory evaluation to the ambient temperature.

scholarly journals Subclinical Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Before Chemotherapy Is Correlated With Decreased Fingertip Innervation Density

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (28) ◽  
pp. 3156-3162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa K. Kosturakis ◽  
Zijing He ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Jessica A. Boyette-Davis ◽  
Nina Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Reflectance Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Cold Pain ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Sensorimotor Deficits ◽  
Laser Reflectance ◽  
Grooved Pegboard Test

Purpose The goal in this study was to determine the incidence of subclinical neuropathy in treatment-naive patients with multiple myeloma (MM) with no history of peripheral neuropathy using quantitative sensory tests (QSTs) and its correlation with innervation density of the extremities using noninvasive laser reflectance confocal microscopy. Patients and Methods QST results were collected for 27 patients with a diagnosis of MM and compared with data collected from 30 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Skin temperature, sensorimotor function (grooved pegboard test), and detection thresholds for temperature, sharpness, and low-threshold mechanical stimuli (von Frey monofilaments and bumps detection test) were measured. Meissner's corpuscle (MC) density in the fingertips was assessed using in vivo laser reflectance confocal microscopy. Results Patients showed a high incidence (> 80%) of ≥ one subclinical QST deficit. These included increased von Frey, bumps, and warmth detection thresholds as compared with healthy volunteers. Patients also showed increases in cold pain, sensorimotor deficits (grooved pegboard test), and higher overall neuropathy scores. MC density was significantly lower in patients than controls and showed significant inverse correlation with bumps detection threshold. Conclusion Patients with MM commonly present with sensory and sensorimotor deficits before undergoing treatment, and these deficits seem to result from disease-related decreases in peripheral innervation density.

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