Efficiency of estrous synchronization in tropical sheep by combining short-interval cloprostenol-based protocols and “male effect”

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1018-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Contreras-Solis ◽  
B. Vasquez ◽  
T. Diaz ◽  
C. Letelier ◽  
A. Lopez-Sebastian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Interval ◽  
Estrous Synchronization ◽  
Male Effect ◽  
Tropical Sheep

scholarly journals The influence of separation distance during the preconditioning period of the male effect approach on reproductive performance in sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Luiz Cavalcanti Caldas ◽  
Leopoldo Mayer Freitas Neto ◽  
José Monteiro Almeida-Irmão ◽  
José Carlos Ferreira-Silva ◽  
Priscila Germany Corrêa Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Estrous Synchronization ◽  
Male Effect ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Trained Personnel ◽  
Males And Females

The study was aimed to test the effect of the separation distance between males and females during the preconditioning period on the reproductive performance of Santa Inês ewes after the male effect. Santa Inês ewes were kept at distances of 3000 m (T1), 3 m (T2), and 300 m (T3) from rams for 60 days before starting 45-day mating seasons during the dry period (DP) and rainy periods (RP). Mating events were observed daily at 6:00 h and 16:00 h by trained personnel for one hour intervals. Estrous were scored as synchronized when observed until day 5 after breeding season start. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasonography. In the DP, the first estrous averaged at 15.45±10.36 (T1), 9.25±6.41 (T2) and 13.05±10.24 (T3) days and in RP was 8.73±5.84 (T1), 9.30±5.62 (T2) and 6.10±5.66 (T3) days. All females cycled during both DP and RP. Estrous synchronization occurred in 20% of the females during DP (T1: 30%, T2: 15%, and T3: 15%). In the RP, estrous synchronization occurred in 40% of all females (T1: 30%, T2: 35%, and T3: 45%). The pregnancy rates in DP and RP were T1: 85%, T2: 80%, and T3: 75%. The results show that the male effect can be obtained simply by avoiding physical contact between males and females throughout the year under tropical conditions.

scholarly journals Role of Male effect on Reproductive Efficiency of Nulliparous Santa Inês and Morada Nova ewes raised in Different Regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Fernando Tenório Filho ◽  
José Carlos Ferreira-Silva ◽  
Pábola Santos Nascimento ◽  
Leopoldo Mayer de Freitas Neto ◽  
Marcelo Tigre Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Estrous Synchronization ◽  
Male Effect ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Region 10 ◽  
Breeding Seasons

Background: The male effect is an attractive strategy to increase herd production by concentrating mating events and deliveries and further allowing the adoption of genetic improvement programs. It holds similar efficiency to those chemically based estrous synchronization methods, but has the advantage of being a natural method. The work was aimed to evaluate the influence of male effect on estrous induction and synchronization, pregnancy and prolificacy of nulliparous Santa Inês and Morada Nova ewes raised in Semiarid and Zona da Mata regions of Pernambuco state.Materials, Methods & Results: Santa Inês (n = 80) and Morada Nova (n = 80) females, with age from 11 to 12 months, after being evaluated and selected, were identified with plastic ear tags, weighted and maintained isolated from males, during 30 days before experiment onset, without any physical, visual, olfactive and auditive contact. Estrous events were observed twice a day (6:00 and 16:00 h) by trained personnel, during a breeding season of 60 days, and estrous were considered synchronized when detected, within first five days of breeding season. Rams of Santa Inês (n = 2) and Morada Nova (n = 2) breeds were selected based upon reproductive capacity by an andrology exam, and were marked on the externum bone region with a wax and ink (4:1) mixture, and were marked in female lots in order to identify females in estrous. After ten days of breeding season onset, rams were again marked with the same wax and ink mixture, but with a different ink color. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on day 30 by ultrasonography and confirmed on day 60 after the last mating. The statistical analysis was performed using SAS, version 8. Differences of 5% (P < 0.05) or lower were considered significant. The results show that estrous synchronization in the semiarid region in both breeds was detected in 10% of females. The total pregnancy on first service was 45.00% and on second was 52.94%, with 85.18% of singleton and 14.81% twin deliveries, with prolificacy de 1.15 ± 0.38. In the Zona da Mata region 10% Santa Inês and 15% Morada Nova females had synchronized estrous (P > 0.05). The total pregnancy was 42.50% on first, 64.70% on second service and total delivery was 86.20% singletons, 12.06% twins and 3.33% triples with prolificacy of 1.15 ± 0.31. On both Semiarid and Zona da Mata regions, the majority of estrous events occurred between the11th and 15th day of the breeding season for Santa Inês ewes and between 6th and 10th day for Morada Nova ewes.Discussion: The occurrence of estrous, for both breeds, in both regions, were detected throughout the breeding seasons, despite most estrous detections were within the initial fifteen days, which normally happens with cycling pluriparous females, in disagreement with findings in the literature that young females display lower reproductive performance on the first breeding season. However, the sexual inexperience of young females is not equivalent to lack of male receptivity, since then, could not be responsible for late estrous onset in a breeding season of young females. In agreement with this statement, and based on the data described here, it has been described that young ewes display estrous within the initial 18 days of breeding season onset. The estrous dispersion in biostimulation programs is normally due to female cyclicity, a physiological condition that lowers the sensibility to estradiol negative feedback response, but are still responsible to the presence of males.

Estrous synchronization and the male effect in captive muskoxen

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Rowell ◽  
M. C. Sousa ◽  
M. P. Shipka
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Ovibos Moschatus ◽  
Estrous Synchronization ◽  
Male Effect ◽  
Progestin Treatment

Bovine CIDR were used for 11 d to synchronize estrus in 18 farmed muskoxen. Nine muskoxen went into harem for 1 wk (BRED) following CIDR removal and nine animals served as treated, non-mated controls (CTL). Progestin treatment prevented short estrous cycles (100% BRED; 88.9% CTL). The interval from CIDR removal to CL formation was 7.2 d (BRED) and 11.6 d (CTL) and fertility rate at the estrus following treatment was 88.9% (BRED). The use of bovine CIDR to synchronize estrus reduced the harem period to 1 wk and resulted in synchronized calving (7 d) following a mean gestation of 246 d. Key words: CIDR, Estrous synchronization, male effect, muskoxen, Ovibos moschatus

Clinical Science in the 1990s

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Clinical Science ◽  
Molecular Medicine ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
Real Progress ◽  
General Journal

From this issue, Clinical Science will increase its page numbers from an average of 112 to 128 per monthly issue. This welcome change — equivalent to at least two manuscripts — has been ‘forced’ on us by the increasing pressure on space; this has led to an undesirable increase in the delay between acceptance and publication, and to a fall in the proportion of submitted manuscripts we have been able to accept. The change in page numbers will instead permit us now to return to our exceptionally short interval between acceptance and publication of 3–4 months; and at the same time we shall be able not only to accept (as now) those papers requiring little or no revision, but also to offer hope to some of those papers which have raised our interest but come to grief in review because of a major but remediable problem. Our view, doubtless unoriginal, has been that the review process, which is unusually thorough for Clinical Science, involving a specialist editor and two external referees, is most constructive when it helps the evolution of a good paper from an interesting piece of research. Traditionally, the papers in Clinical Science have represented some areas of research more than others. However, this has reflected entirely the pattern of papers submitted to us, rather than any selective interest of the Editorial Board, which numbers up to 35 scientists covering most areas of medical research. Arguably, after the explosion during the last decade of specialist journals, the general journal can look forward to a renaissance in the 1990s, as scientists in apparently different specialities discover that they are interested in the same substances, asking similar questions and developing techniques of mutual benefit to answer these questions. This situation arises from the trend, even among clinical scientists, to recognize the power of research based at the cellular and molecular level to achieve real progress, and at this level the concept of organ-based specialism breaks down. It is perhaps ironic that this journal, for a short while at the end of the 1970s, adopted — and then discarded — the name of Clinical Science and Molecular Medicine, since this title perfectly represents the direction in which clinical science, and therefore Clinical Science, is now progressing.

Benefits of Short-Interval Mammography Questioned

Ob Gyn News ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
DOUG BRUNK
Keyword(s):  
Short Interval

Time Window from Visual Images to Visual Short-Term Memory: Consolidation or Integration?

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temporal Window ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Visual Short Term Memory ◽  
Probe Task ◽  
Long Time

Abstract. When two dot arrays are briefly presented, separated by a short interval of time, visual short-term memory of the first array is disrupted if the interval between arrays is shorter than 1300-1500 ms ( Brockmole, Wang, & Irwin, 2002 ). Here we investigated whether such a time window was triggered by the necessity to integrate arrays. Using a probe task we removed the need for integration but retained the requirement to represent the images. We found that a long time window was needed for performance to reach asymptote even when integration across images was not required. Furthermore, such window was lengthened if subjects had to remember the locations of the second array, but not if they only conducted a visual search among it. We suggest that a temporal window is required for consolidation of the first array, which is vulnerable to disruption by subsequent images that also need to be memorized.

RESPON ESTRUS DOMBA GARUT BETINA PADA PERLAKUAN LASERPUNTUR DENGAN FASE REPRODUKSI YANG BERBEDA

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herdis Herdis
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Alternative Technology ◽  
Estrous Synchronization ◽  
Significant Difference

The research was carried out to assess the technology of laserpuncture for estrous synchronization of ewes in different phase reproduction. The results of the research showed that the treatment of laserpuncture at 17 reproduction accupoints during the luteal phase and at anytime perform 100% and 95% of oestrous, respectively. It indicates that the laserpunktur technology is capable to generates a synchronization of oestrus in ewes. There was no significant difference of oestrus response which observed from both of treatments at luteal phase or at any time. It is concluded that the laserpuncture technology is one of alternative technology for estrous synchronization beside hormone treatment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Deleterious Alleles on Adaptation in Asexual Populations

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 395-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby Johnson ◽  
Nick H Barton
Keyword(s):  
Selective Sweep ◽  
Deleterious Mutation ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Asexual Population ◽  
Restrictive Assumption ◽  
Deleterious Alleles ◽  
Fixation Probabilities ◽  
Asexual Populations ◽  
Beneficial Allele

Abstract We calculate the fixation probability of a beneficial allele that arises as the result of a unique mutation in an asexual population that is subject to recurrent deleterious mutation at rate U. Our analysis is an extension of previous works, which make a biologically restrictive assumption that selection against deleterious alleles is stronger than that on the beneficial allele of interest. We show that when selection against deleterious alleles is weak, beneficial alleles that confer a selective advantage that is small relative to U have greatly reduced probabilities of fixation. We discuss the consequences of this effect for the distribution of effects of alleles fixed during adaptation. We show that a selective sweep will increase the fixation probabilities of other beneficial mutations arising during some short interval afterward. We use the calculated fixation probabilities to estimate the expected rate of fitness improvement in an asexual population when beneficial alleles arise continually at some low rate proportional to U. We estimate the rate of mutation that is optimal in the sense that it maximizes this rate of fitness improvement. Again, this analysis relaxes the assumption made previously that selection against deleterious alleles is stronger than on beneficial alleles.

scholarly journals The Detection of Bovine Estrus by Lactoferrin Monoclonal Antibody

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1582
Author(s):  
Jihwan Lee ◽  
Suhyun Lee ◽  
Younbae Park ◽  
Seokhyun Lee ◽  
Seungmin Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin ◽  
Estrous Synchronization ◽  
High Binding Affinity

To improve reproductive performance in cattle, the accurate detection of estrus and optimization of insemination relative to ovulation are necessary. However, poor heat detection by farm staff leads to a decreased conception rate, thus inflicting economic damage to the beef and dairy industries. This study aimed to develop monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that can specifically bind to the bovine lactoferrin (bLF) protein, which we have previously demonstrated to be overexpressed in bovine cervical mucus during estrus. Female rats were intraperitoneally immunized with bLF protein as the antigen. Anti-bLF mAbs were then purified by affinity chromatography, and their binding affinity for the bLF antigen was examined using ELISA. We found a high binding affinity between mAbs and bLF. Finally, we developed a rapid bovine heat detection kit using the anti-bLF mAbs that we generated and tested on cervical mucus from 12 cows (estrous synchronization, n = 2; natural cycling, n = 10). We found that the kits accurately detected estrus. Overall, our fabricated heat detection kit based on rat anti-bLF mAbs could pave the way for the development of potent tools for heat detection devices for dairy cattle, thereby preventing economic loss.

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