scholarly journals Anti-helminthic activity of Momordica charantia L. against Fasciola hepatica eggs after twelve days of incubation in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cíntia A.J. Pereira ◽  
Laura L.S. Oliveira ◽  
Aytube L. Coaglio ◽  
Fernanda S.O. Santos ◽  
Rodolfo S.M. Cezar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Momordica Charantia

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICÁCIA DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS NA INIBIÇÃO DE MIRACÍDIOS DE Fasciola hepatica

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (40) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Winner Duque Rodrigues ◽  
Larice Tosi Marques ◽  
Roselena Abreu Guedes ◽  
Isabella Vilhena Freire Martins ◽  
Juliana Aparecida Severi
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Uncaria Tomentosa ◽  
Harpagophytum Procumbens

A fasciolose é causada pelo trematódeo Fasciola hepatica, que se loja nos canais biliares de animais de sangue e ocasionalmente em humanos. Animais parasitados por F. hepatica apresentam retardo no desenvolvimento dentre outras enfermidades, gerando perdas econômicas consideráveis. O controle da fasciolose pode ser feito por meio do molusco hospedeiro ou por uso de fasciolicidas. No entanto, a terapêutica vigente ainda apresenta limitações de eficácia e alto custo de aquisição pelo produtor rural. Foram realizados testes in vitro com ± 100 ovos por placa e em triplicata com o extrato vegetal a 0,5% e encubados por 14 dias em BOD a 25ºC, e então, analisados sob a luz incandescente a cada hora por 3 horas. Dos sete extratos vegetais, as raízes de Harpagophytum procumbens, cascas de Uncaria tomentosa e folhas de Guapira graciliflora, Psidium guajava e de Momordica charantia apresentaram 100% de eficácia, já as folhas de G. noxia 62,2% e de Stryphnodendron adstringens teve 95,4% contra a eclosão dos miracídios de fascíolas.

scholarly journals The soluble glutathione transferase superfamily: role of Mu class in triclabendazole sulphoxide challenge in Fasciola hepatica

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-991
Author(s):  
Rebekah B. Stuart ◽  
Suzanne Zwaanswijk ◽  
Neil D. MacKintosh ◽  
Boontarikaan Witikornkul ◽  
Peter M. Brophy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Affinity Purification ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Differential Abundance ◽  
Parasitic Helminths

AbstractFasciola hepatica (liver fluke), a significant threat to food security, causes global economic loss for the livestock industry and is re-emerging as a foodborne disease of humans. In the absence of vaccines, treatment control is by anthelmintics; with only triclabendazole (TCBZ) currently effective against all stages of F. hepatica in livestock and humans. There is widespread resistance to TCBZ and its detoxification by flukes might contribute to the mechanism. However, there is limited phase I capacity in adult parasitic helminths with the phase II detoxification system dominated by the soluble glutathione transferase (GST) superfamily. Previous proteomic studies have demonstrated that the levels of Mu class GST from pooled F. hepatica parasites respond under TCBZ-sulphoxide (TCBZ-SO) challenge during in vitro culture ex-host. We have extended this finding by exploiting a sub-proteomic lead strategy to measure the change in the total soluble GST profile (GST-ome) of individual TCBZ-susceptible F. hepatica on TCBZ-SO-exposure in vitro culture. TCBZ-SO exposure demonstrated differential abundance of FhGST-Mu29 and FhGST-Mu26 following affinity purification using both GSH and S-hexyl GSH affinity. Furthermore, a low or weak affinity matrix interacting Mu class GST (FhGST-Mu5) has been identified and recombinantly expressed and represents a new low-affinity Mu class GST. Low-affinity GST isoforms within the GST-ome was not restricted to FhGST-Mu5 with a second likely low-affinity sigma class GST (FhGST-S2) uncovered. This study represents the most complete Fasciola GST-ome generated to date and has supported the potential of subproteomic analyses on individual adult flukes.

scholarly journals Inmunidad Celular en Ganado Vacuno Lechero Naturalmente Infectado con Fasciola hepatica en Cajamarca, Perú

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Heber Silva-Díaz ◽  
Cristian Hobán-Vergara ◽  
Rosmery Cruz-Cerna ◽  
Hugo Solana ◽  
Pedro Ortiz-Oblitas
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Ifn Γ

<p>La fasciolosis producida por <em>Fasciola hepatica</em> es una importante enfermedad parasitaria de la ganadería en muchos países. En Cajamarca, Perú, se reportan prevalencias superiores al 80% en el ganado lechero. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la capacidad de proliferación y la expresión de citoquinas (IFN-γ e IL-4) en células mononucleares de sangre periférica de terneras y vacas naturalmente infectadas, contra el antígeno no específico fitohemaglutinina y los antígenos específicos de excreción-secreción del estadio inmaduro y maduro de <em>F. hepatica</em>. La capacidad proliferativa fue determinada por linfoproliferación <em>in vitro</em> y la expresión de citoquinas se evaluó en sobrenadantes de cultivo celular por la técnica de ELISA. Las vacas infectadas con <em>F. hepatica</em> mostraron una disminución de la capacidad de respuesta frente a estímulos proliferativos inespecíficos y específicos. En el perfil de citoquinas contra el estímulo específico se encontró una baja expresión de IFN-γ, mientras que la respuesta de IL-4 fue alta, lo que indica que la respuesta permanece polarizada hacia una respuesta de tipo Th2. En el análisis comparativo, las terneras expresaron niveles de IFN-γ más altos que los valores obtenidos en las vacas, pero con una expresión similar de IL-4. No se observaron diferencias en la respuesta inmune a los antígenos del estadio inmaduro y maduro del parásito. Los resultados demuestran que a medida que la enfermedad progresa se expresa una respuesta inmunomoduladora en los animales adultos naturalmente infectados con <em>F. hepatica</em>.</p>

scholarly journals Momordica charantia Extracts Inhibit Uptake of Monosaccharide and Amino Acid across Rat Everted Gut Sacs in-Vitro

2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally ◽  
Ameenah-Gurib Fakim ◽  
Anwar Hussein Subratty
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Momordica Charantia

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic and Antilipidemic Effects of the Ethanol Extract Mixture of Ligularia fischeri and Momordica charantia in Type II Diabetes-Mimicking Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Baek ◽  
Yong Joon Jeong ◽  
Jeong Eun Kwon ◽  
Jong Sung Ra ◽  
Sung Ryul Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
C2c12 Cells ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Glucose Uptake Rate ◽  
Ligularia Fischeri

The extract of the Momordica charantia fruit (MCE) is recognized as an alternative treatment for diabetes. The extract of Ligularia fischeri leaves (LFE) is traditionally used as a folk medicine for treating inflammatory diseases in Korea as well. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of MCE combined with LFE on antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic potentials. Based on the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect and promotion of adipocyte differentiation in the 3T3-L1 cell line, the MLM was prepared with MCE:LFE (8:2 weight:weight). MLM showed the synergistic effects in the promotion of the glucose uptake rate, suppression of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) mRNA expression, upregulation of an insulin receptor substrate and glucose transporter type-4 expression, and an increase in insulin-associated signaling in C2C12 cells. In addition, the efficacy of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonism and glucose uptake rate by MLM supplementation was significantly enhanced in vitro. Then, the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of MCE, LFE, and MLM at the dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day (n = 6 per each group) were determined in streptozotocin (STZ)-insulted mice fed an atherogenic diet (ATH) for 4 weeks. In addition, MLM (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day, n = 5 per each group) was supplemented in ATH-fed db/db mice for 10 weeks. Compared with MCE or LFE alone, MLM supplementation led to a more significant reduction of glucose levels in both STZ/ATH and db/db/ATH mice as well as lowered lipid profiles in STZ/ATH mice. In addition, the stimulation of islet of Langerhans regeneration was more pronounced by MLM supplementation in both mice models. In conclusion, antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects were strengthened by the combined extracts of L. fischeri and M. charantia (MLM) in diabetes-mimicking mice.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis reveals a role for the nervous system in regulating growth and development of Fasciola hepatica juveniles

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Robb ◽  
Erin McCammick ◽  
Duncan Wells ◽  
Paul McVeigh ◽  
Erica Gardiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Liver Fluke ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Neuronal Signalling ◽  
Growth Development

Fasciola spp. liver fluke have significant impacts in veterinary and human medicine. The absence of a vaccine and increasing anthelmintic resistance threaten sustainable control and underscore the need for novel flukicides. Functional genomic approaches underpinned by in vitro culture of juvenile Fasciola hepatica facilitate control target validation in the most pathogenic life stage. Comparative transcriptomics of in vitro and in vivo maintained 21 day old F. hepatica finds that 86% of genes are expressed at similar levels across maintenance treatments suggesting commonality in core biological functioning within these juveniles. Phenotypic comparisons revealed higher cell proliferation and growth rates in the in vivo juveniles compared to their in vitro counterparts. These phenotypic differences were consistent with the upregulation of neoblast-like stem cell and cell-cycle associated genes in in vivo maintained worms. The more rapid growth/development of in vivo juveniles was further evidenced by a switch in cathepsin protease expression profiles, dominated by cathepsin B in in vitro juveniles and then by cathepsin L in in vivo juveniles. Coincident with more rapid growth/development was the marked downregulation of both classical and peptidergic neuronal signalling components in in vivo maintained juveniles, supporting a role for the nervous system in regulating liver fluke growth and development. Differences in the miRNA complements of in vivo and in vitro juveniles identified 31 differentially expressed miRNAs, notably fhe-let-7a-5p , fhe-mir-124-3p and, miRNAs predicted to target Wnt-signalling, supporting a key role for miRNAs in driving the growth/developmental differences in the in vitro and in vivo maintained juvenile liver fluke. Widespread differences in the expression of neuronal genes in juvenile fluke grown in vitro and in vivo expose significant interplay between neuronal signalling and the rate of growth/development, encouraging consideration of neuronal targets in efforts to dysregulate growth/development for parasite control.

scholarly journals Evaluación del efecto acaricida de Momordica charantia, Megaskepasma erythrochlamys y Gliricidia sepium sobre Rhipicephalus microplus

2019 ◽  
pp. 1951
Author(s):  
Dumar Jaramillo Hernández ◽  
Angélica González Reina ◽  
Natalia Pedraza Castillo ◽  
Jorge Iván Sierra Acevedo ◽  
Gina Lorena García Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Los Grupos

Objetivo. Se evaluó la actividad acaricida de Momordica charantia (Mc), Megaskepasma erythrochlamys (Me) y Gliricidia sepium (Gs) sobre Rhipicephalus microplus (Rm). Materiales y métodos. Se realizó la marcha fitoquímica preliminar de hojas del extracto metanólico de Mc (EMc), del extracto etanólico de Me (EMe) y del extracto acetónico de Gs (EGs) a través de la técnica de colorimetría y cromatografía en capa delgada (CCD).  La actividad acaricida se realizó a través de pruebas in-vitro utilizando la prueba de inmersión de larvas  (LIT) y la prueba de inmersión de adultos (AIT). Para las pruebas in-situ se usaron bovinos en pastoreo infestados naturalmente con garrapatas, utilizando las CL50 obtenidas en las pruebas in-vitro AIT; posteriormente las teleoginas se llevaron  a incubación para evaluar su capacidad reproductiva. Resultados. Se determinó la presencia de varios grupos de metabolitos secundarios de interés acaricida. Se demostró el efecto acaricida de los extractos de las plantas sobre teleoginas; aunque sólo EGs mostró actividad larvicida. Los extractos a 160 mg/mL afectaron el ciclo de vida de Rm inhibiendo la ovoposición en un 46.9%, 66.1% y 84.03% (p<0.05) para EGs, EMc y EMe, respectivamente. Por otro lado, en las pruebas in situ se observó diferencia significativa (p<0.05) entre el tratamiento de EMc y EMe respecto a los grupos controles. Conclusiones. Los resultados obtenidos son prometedores para fortalecer la posibilidad de vinculación de los extractos de estas plantas dentro de planes integrados de control de garrapatas en sistemas de producción de bovinos.

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