AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICÁCIA DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS NA INIBIÇÃO DE MIRACÍDIOS DE Fasciola hepatica

A fasciolose é causada pelo trematódeo Fasciola hepatica, que se loja nos canais biliares de animais de sangue e ocasionalmente em humanos. Animais parasitados por F. hepatica apresentam retardo no desenvolvimento dentre outras enfermidades, gerando perdas econômicas consideráveis. O controle da fasciolose pode ser feito por meio do molusco hospedeiro ou por uso de fasciolicidas. No entanto, a terapêutica vigente ainda apresenta limitações de eficácia e alto custo de aquisição pelo produtor rural. Foram realizados testes in vitro com ± 100 ovos por placa e em triplicata com o extrato vegetal a 0,5% e encubados por 14 dias em BOD a 25ºC, e então, analisados sob a luz incandescente a cada hora por 3 horas. Dos sete extratos vegetais, as raízes de Harpagophytum procumbens, cascas de Uncaria tomentosa e folhas de Guapira graciliflora, Psidium guajava e de Momordica charantia apresentaram 100% de eficácia, já as folhas de G. noxia 62,2% e de Stryphnodendron adstringens teve 95,4% contra a eclosão dos miracídios de fascíolas.

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Prospecção de extratos vegetais como coadjuvantes de higiene bucal em cães raça Labrador Retriever

PubVet ◽

10.31533/pubvet.v14n12a717.1-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Thays de Carvalho Amorim Bolzan ◽

Juliana Aparecida Severi ◽

Janaina Cecília Oliveira Villanova ◽

Dirlei Molinari Donatele ◽

Ana Paula Madureira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Punica Granatum ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Labrador Retriever ◽

Uncaria Tomentosa ◽

Harpagophytum Procumbens

O objetivo do presente estudo foi prospectar extratos vegetais como recurso terapêutico, frente à microbiota oral de cães. Para tal, foram obtidos extratos etanólicos de diferentes partes do Anacardium ocidentalis (cajueiro), Stryphnodendron adstringens (barbatimão), Punica granatum (romã), Uncaria tomentosa (unha de gato), Psidium guajava L.(goiaba), Momordica charantia L. (melão de São Caetano) e Harpagophytum procumbens (garra do diabo), preparados em diferentes concentrações. Microrganismos coletados da mucosa oral de 12 cães da raça Labrador, mantidos sob o mesmo manejo e alimentação, foram semeados em placas de petri com Agar BHI nas quais foram distribuídos circularmente discos de papel impregnados com 20µL de cada extrato em diferentes concentrações. Solução de digluconato de clorexidina a 0,12% em discos foi utilizada como controle positivo. Foram coletados três swabs de cada animal sendo então o experimento realizado em triplicata. As placas foram incubadas por 12 horas, a 36º C. Os resultados das medidas dos halos de inibição foram submetidos à análise de variância de Kruskall-Wallis, seguida do teste de Dunn, com nível de significância de 5%. Com base nos resultados os extratos de romã, goiaba e barbatimão foram selecionados, pois mostraram-se estatisticamente significativos nas concentrações 250; 125; 62,6mg/mL o que sugere que os três extratos são candidatos potenciais para uso no desenvolvimento de produtos farmacêuticos para uso na higienização bucal dos cães.

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Anti-helminthic activity of Momordica charantia L. against Fasciola hepatica eggs after twelve days of incubation in vitro

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.08.025 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 228 ◽

pp. 160-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Cíntia A.J. Pereira ◽

Laura L.S. Oliveira ◽

Aytube L. Coaglio ◽

Fernanda S.O. Santos ◽

Rodolfo S.M. Cezar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Momordica Charantia

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Chemical composition of various plant extracts and their in vitro efficacy in control of Fasciola hepatica eggs

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20190363 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Larice Tosi Marques ◽

Roselena Abreu Guedes ◽

Winner Duque Rodrigues ◽

Anderson Barros Archanjo ◽

Juliana Aparecida Severi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Tap Water ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Negative Control ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Ovicidal Activity ◽

Promising Alternative

ABSTRACT: Fasciolosis has been diagnosed in cattle, goats, sheep and horses in southern and southeastern Brazil. Effective alternative treatments are the targets of study. One promising alternative is the use of plant extracts. The aim of this study was to perform phytochemical analysis of extracts of Eugenia uniflora L., Harpagophytum procumbens, Psidium guajava L. and Stryphnodendron adstringens, and to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of these extracts on ovicidal activity in Fasciola hepatica. Plant extracts were analyzed for phytochemical properties. F. hepatica eggs were collected directly from the gallbladders of animals diagnosed as positive for fasciolosis on post mortem examination. One hundred eggs were incubated with 3 ml of each extract at concentrations of 0.10%, 0.25% and 0.50%, albendazole 0.50% (positive control) or tap water (negative control). To determine anti larval efficacy of each plant extract, hatched eggs were counted and the averages were used. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins and terpenes in most extracts. E. uniflora L. extract was 100% effective at 0.10%, H. procumbens was effective at 0.25% and P. guajava L. and S. adstringens extracts were 100% effective at all concentrations tested. Taken together, the data suggested that ovicidal activity in F. hepatica is due to the presence of these bioactive compounds.

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In vitro antioxidant potential of spray-dried Psidium guajava L. leaves extracts

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1352418 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (13) ◽

Author(s):

MR Fernandes ◽

CR Souza ◽

ML Martinez ◽

WP Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Psidium Guajava ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Spray Dried

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Current Status and Future Perspective for Research on Medicinal Plants with Anticancerous Activity and Minimum Cytotoxic Value

Current Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1389450120666190429120314 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

pp. 1227-1243

Author(s):

Hina Qamar ◽

Sumbul Rehman ◽

D.K. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Drug Targets ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Perspective ◽

Wide Range

Cancer is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy enhance the survival rate of cancerous patients but they have several acute toxic effects. Therefore, there is a need to search for new anticancer agents having better efficacy and lesser side effects. In this regard, herbal treatment is found to be a safe method for treating and preventing cancer. Here, an attempt has been made to screen some less explored medicinal plants like Ammania baccifera, Asclepias curassavica, Azadarichta indica, Butea monosperma, Croton tiglium, Hedera nepalensis, Jatropha curcas, Momordica charantia, Moringa oleifera, Psidium guajava, etc. having potent anticancer activity with minimum cytotoxic value (IC50 >3μM) and lesser or negligible toxicity. They are rich in active phytochemicals with a wide range of drug targets. In this study, these medicinal plants were evaluated for dose-dependent cytotoxicological studies via in vitro MTT assay and in vivo tumor models along with some more plants which are reported to have IC50 value in the range of 0.019-0.528 mg/ml. The findings indicate that these plants inhibit tumor growth by their antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic molecular targets. They are widely used because of their easy availability, affordable price and having no or sometimes minimal side effects. This review provides a baseline for the discovery of anticancer drugs from medicinal plants having minimum cytotoxic value with minimal side effects and establishment of their analogues for the welfare of mankind.

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The soluble glutathione transferase superfamily: role of Mu class in triclabendazole sulphoxide challenge in Fasciola hepatica

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-021-07055-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 120 (3) ◽

pp. 979-991

Author(s):

Rebekah B. Stuart ◽

Suzanne Zwaanswijk ◽

Neil D. MacKintosh ◽

Boontarikaan Witikornkul ◽

Peter M. Brophy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Culture ◽

Liver Fluke ◽

Glutathione Transferase ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Affinity Purification ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Differential Abundance ◽

Parasitic Helminths

AbstractFasciola hepatica (liver fluke), a significant threat to food security, causes global economic loss for the livestock industry and is re-emerging as a foodborne disease of humans. In the absence of vaccines, treatment control is by anthelmintics; with only triclabendazole (TCBZ) currently effective against all stages of F. hepatica in livestock and humans. There is widespread resistance to TCBZ and its detoxification by flukes might contribute to the mechanism. However, there is limited phase I capacity in adult parasitic helminths with the phase II detoxification system dominated by the soluble glutathione transferase (GST) superfamily. Previous proteomic studies have demonstrated that the levels of Mu class GST from pooled F. hepatica parasites respond under TCBZ-sulphoxide (TCBZ-SO) challenge during in vitro culture ex-host. We have extended this finding by exploiting a sub-proteomic lead strategy to measure the change in the total soluble GST profile (GST-ome) of individual TCBZ-susceptible F. hepatica on TCBZ-SO-exposure in vitro culture. TCBZ-SO exposure demonstrated differential abundance of FhGST-Mu29 and FhGST-Mu26 following affinity purification using both GSH and S-hexyl GSH affinity. Furthermore, a low or weak affinity matrix interacting Mu class GST (FhGST-Mu5) has been identified and recombinantly expressed and represents a new low-affinity Mu class GST. Low-affinity GST isoforms within the GST-ome was not restricted to FhGST-Mu5 with a second likely low-affinity sigma class GST (FhGST-S2) uncovered. This study represents the most complete Fasciola GST-ome generated to date and has supported the potential of subproteomic analyses on individual adult flukes.

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Inmunidad Celular en Ganado Vacuno Lechero Naturalmente Infectado con Fasciola hepatica en Cajamarca, Perú

Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú ◽

10.15381/rivep.v26i4.11210 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 637

Author(s):

Heber Silva-Díaz ◽

Cristian Hobán-Vergara ◽

Rosmery Cruz-Cerna ◽

Hugo Solana ◽

Pedro Ortiz-Oblitas

Keyword(s):

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Ifn Γ

La fasciolosis producida por Fasciola hepatica es una importante enfermedad parasitaria de la ganadería en muchos países. En Cajamarca, Perú, se reportan prevalencias superiores al 80% en el ganado lechero. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la capacidad de proliferación y la expresión de citoquinas (IFN-γ e IL-4) en células mononucleares de sangre periférica de terneras y vacas naturalmente infectadas, contra el antígeno no específico fitohemaglutinina y los antígenos específicos de excreción-secreción del estadio inmaduro y maduro de F. hepatica. La capacidad proliferativa fue determinada por linfoproliferación in vitro y la expresión de citoquinas se evaluó en sobrenadantes de cultivo celular por la técnica de ELISA. Las vacas infectadas con F. hepatica mostraron una disminución de la capacidad de respuesta frente a estímulos proliferativos inespecíficos y específicos. En el perfil de citoquinas contra el estímulo específico se encontró una baja expresión de IFN-γ, mientras que la respuesta de IL-4 fue alta, lo que indica que la respuesta permanece polarizada hacia una respuesta de tipo Th2. En el análisis comparativo, las terneras expresaron niveles de IFN-γ más altos que los valores obtenidos en las vacas, pero con una expresión similar de IL-4. No se observaron diferencias en la respuesta inmune a los antígenos del estadio inmaduro y maduro del parásito. Los resultados demuestran que a medida que la enfermedad progresa se expresa una respuesta inmunomoduladora en los animales adultos naturalmente infectados con F. hepatica.

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Treatment with Uncaria tomentosa Promotes Apoptosis in B16-BL6 Mouse Melanoma Cells and Inhibits the Growth of B16-BL6 Tumours

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26041066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1066

Author(s):

Ali Zari ◽

Hajer Alfarteesh ◽

Carly Buckner ◽

Robert Lafrenie

Keyword(s):

Tumour Size ◽

Melanoma Cells ◽

Tunel Staining ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Uncaria Tomentosa ◽

Mouse Melanoma ◽

Anti Cancer

Uncaria tomentosa is a medicinal plant native to Peru that has been traditionally used in the treatment of various inflammatory disorders. In this study, the effectiveness of U. tomentosa as an anti-cancer agent was assessed using the growth and survival of B16-BL6 mouse melanoma cells. B16-BL6 cell cultures treated with both ethanol and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) extracts of U. tomentosa displayed up to 80% lower levels of growth and increased apoptosis compared to vehicle controls. Treatment with ethanolic extracts of Uncaria tomentosa were much more effective than treatment with aqueous extracts. U. tomentosa was also shown to inhibit B16-BL6 cell growth in C57/bl mice in vivo. Mice injected with both the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of U. tomentosa showed a 59 ± 13% decrease in B16-BL6 tumour weight and a 40 ± 9% decrease in tumour size. Histochemical analysis of the B16-BL6 tumours showed a strong reduction in the Ki-67 cell proliferation marker in U. tomentosa-treated mice and a small, but insignificant increase in terminal transferase dUTP nick labelling (TUNEL) staining. Furthermore, U. tomentosa extracts reduced angiogenic markers and reduced the infiltration of T cells into the tumours. Collectively, the results in this study concluded that U. tomentosa has potent anti-cancer activity that significantly inhibited cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

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