A longitudinal study of the effect of Theileria orientalis Ikeda type infection on three New Zealand dairy farms naturally infected at pasture

This article sets out to document and summarise the New Zealand epidemic and the epidemiological research conducted on the epizootic of bovine anaemia associated with Theileria orientalis Ikeda-type infection, which began in New Zealand in August 2012. As New Zealand has no other pathogenic tick-borne cattle haemoparasites, the effects of the T. orientalis Ikeda-type infection observed in affected herds and individual animals were not confounded by other concurrent haemoparasite infections, as was possibly the case in other countries. This has resulted in an unbiased perspective of a new disease. In addition, as both New Zealand’s beef and dairy cattle systems are seasonally based, this has led to a different epidemiological presentation than that reported by almost all other affected countries. Having verified the establishment of a new disease and identified the associated pathogen, the remaining key requirements of an epidemiological investigation, for a disease affecting production animals, are to describe how the disease spreads, describe the likely impacts of that disease at the individual and herd level and explore methods of disease control or mitigation.

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The effect of month, farm type and latitude on the level of anaemia associated with Theileria orientalis Ikeda type infection in New Zealand cattle naturally infected at pasture

Research in Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.12.021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 233-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K.E. Lawrence ◽

R.L. Sanson ◽

A.M.J. McFadden ◽

D.J. Pulford ◽

W.E. Pomroy

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Theileria Orientalis ◽

Farm Type ◽

Type Infection

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Automatic Milking Systems: an option to address the labour shortage on New Zealand dairy farms?

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.2002.64.2471 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 39-43

Author(s):

J.G. Jago ◽

M.W. Woolford

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Dairy Industry ◽

Research Programme ◽

Working Hours ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Small Scale ◽

Labour Shortage ◽

Commercial Farms ◽

Grazing Systems ◽

Automatic Milking Systems

There is a growing shortage of labour within the dairy industry. To address this the industry needs to attract more people and/or reduce the labour requirements on dairy farms. Current milk harvesting techniques contribute to both the labour requirements and the current labour shortage within the industry as the process is labour-intensive and necessitates long and unsociable working hours. Automated milking systems (AMS) have been in operation, albeit on a small scale, on commercial farms in Europe for a decade and may have the potential to address labour issues within the New Zealand dairy industry. A research programme has been established (The Greenfield Project) which aims to determine the feasibility of automated milking under New Zealand dairying conditions. A Fullwoods MERLIN AMS has been installed on a protoype farmlet and is successfully milking a small herd of 41 cows. Progress from the prototype Greenfields system offers considerable potential for implementing AMS in extensive grazing systems. Keywords: automated milking systems, dairy cattle, grazing, labour

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An evaluation of a strategic de-stocking regime for dairying to improve nitrogen efficiency and reduce nitrate leaching from dairy farms in nitrate-sensitive areas

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.2000.62.2401 ◽

2000 ◽

pp. 105-110

Author(s):

Cecile De Klein ◽

Jim Paton ◽

Stewart Ledgard

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Nitrate Leaching ◽

Management Practice ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Nitrogen Efficiency ◽

Management Tool ◽

Pasture Production ◽

Leaching Losses ◽

Sensitive Areas

Strategic de-stocking in winter is a common management practice on dairy farms in Southland, New Zealand, to protect the soil against pugging damage. This paper examines whether this practice can also be used to reduce nitrate leaching losses. Model analyses and field measurements were used to estimate nitrate leaching losses and pasture production under two strategic de-stocking regimes: 3 months off-farm or 5 months on a feed pad with effluent collected and applied back to the land. The model analyses, based on the results of a long-term farmlet study under conventional grazing and on information for an average New Zealand farm, suggested that the 3- or 5-month de-stocking could reduce nitrate leaching losses by about 20% or 35-50%, respectively compared to a conventional grazing system. Field measurements on the Taieri Plain in Otago support these findings, although the results to date are confounded by drought conditions during the 1998 and 1999 seasons. The average nitrate concentration of the drainage water of a 5-month strategic de-stocking treatment was about 60% lower than under conventional grazing. Pasture production of the 5-month strategic de-stocking regime with effluent return was estimated based on data for apparent N efficiency of excreta patches versus uniformlyspread farm dairy effluent N. The results suggested that a strategic de-stocking regime could increase pasture production by about 2 to 8%. A cost/ benefit analysis of the 5-month de-stocking system using a feed pad, comparing additional capital and operational costs with additional income from a 5% increase in DM production, show a positive return on capital for an average New Zealand dairy farm. This suggests that a strategic destocking system has good potential as a management tool to reduce nitrate leaching losses in nitrate sensitive areas whilst being economically viable, particularly on farms where an effluent application system or a feed pad are already in place. Keywords: dairying, feed pads, nitrate leaching, nitrogen efficiency, productivity, strategic de-stocking

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The prevalence of lameness on New Zealand dairy farms: A comparison of farmer estimate and locomotion scoring

The Veterinary Journal ◽

10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.011 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 201 (1) ◽

pp. 31-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

J. Fabian ◽

R.A. Laven ◽

H.R. Whay

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Dairy Farms

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Characterisation of AmpC and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli from New Zealand dairy farms

International Dairy Journal ◽

10.1016/j.idairyj.2021.104998 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 104998

Author(s):

Sara A. Burgess ◽

Jacinda Aplin ◽

Patrick J. Biggs ◽

Georgia Breckell ◽

Jackie Benschop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Beta Lactamase ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽

E Coli ◽

Extended Spectrum

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How responsive are government agencies when contacted by email? Findings from a longitudinal study in Australia and New Zealand

Government Information Quarterly ◽

10.1016/j.giq.2016.03.004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 283-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Robin Gauld ◽

Jayde Flett ◽

Sasha McComb ◽

Andrew Gray

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

New Zealand ◽

Government Agencies

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Indigenous ethnic identity, in-group warmth, and psychological wellbeing: A longitudinal study of Māori

Current Psychology ◽

10.1007/s12144-021-01636-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carla Houkamau ◽

Petar Milojev ◽

Lara Greaves ◽

Kiri Dell ◽

Chris G Sibley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Identity ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

New Zealand ◽

Ethnic Group ◽

Indigenous Peoples ◽

Large Scale ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Cultural Knowledge ◽

Identity Centrality

AbstractLongitudinal studies into the relationship between affect (positive or negative feelings) towards one’s own ethnic group and wellbeing are rare, particularly for Indigenous peoples. In this paper, we test the longitudinal effects of in-group warmth (a measure of ethnic identity affect) and ethnic identity centrality on three wellbeing measures for New Zealand Māori: life satisfaction (LS), self-esteem (SE), and personal wellbeing (PW). Longitudinal panel data collected from Māori (N = 3803) aged 18 or over throughout seven annual assessments (2009–2015) in the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study were analyzed using latent trajectory models with structured residuals to examine cross-lagged within-person effects. Higher in-group warmth towards Māori predicted increases in all three wellbeing measures, even more strongly than ethnic identity centrality. Bi-directionally, PW and SE predicted increased in-group warmth, and SE predicted ethnic identification. Further, in sample-level (between-person) trends, LS and PW rose, but ethnic identity centrality interestingly declined over time. This is the first large-scale longitudinal study showing a strong relationship between positive affect towards one’s Indigenous ethnic group and wellbeing. Efforts at cultural recovery and restoration have been a deliberate protective response to colonization, but among Māori, enculturation and access to traditional cultural knowledge varies widely. The data reported here underline the role of ethnic identity affect as an important dimension of wellbeing and call for continued research into the role of this dimension of ethnic identity for Indigenous peoples.

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