The biogas dilemma: An analysis on the social approval of large new plants

The article presents an analysis of the social phenomenon of vegetarianism from a historical, medical and sociological point of view. The purpose of this article is to analyze secondary data from cross-cultural studies in Russia and the UK. The main task was to highlight the main features of the attitude towards vegetarianism in the framework of the "Western" mentality and to study the perception of the phenomenon of vegetarianism in the minds of Russians, to compare the data obtained. To accomplish the set tasks, the analysis of theoretical material on the topic of vegetarianism as a phenomenon of modern society, its main types, specificity as a system of sociocultural patterns was carried out. In the course of an empirical analysis of intercountry trends in the field of attitudes towards vegetarianism, the following points were recorded using the example of two countries. The proportion of people on a vegetarian or vegan diet is higher in the UK. However, both in Russia and in the UK, 10–15% of respondents were found who could try this type of diet and stick to it for about a month. In Russia, personal well-being and health is more often the argument in favor of a vegetarian diet, while in the UK people are more interested in protecting the environment.

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Self-Regulated Studying Behavior, and the Social Norms that Influence It

10.31234/osf.io/bf6kg ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Julie Eyink ◽

Benjamin Motz ◽

Gordon Heltzel ◽

Torrin Liddell

Keyword(s):

Learning Outcomes ◽

Learning Goals ◽

Social Approval ◽

Injunctive Norms ◽

Descriptive Norms ◽

The Social ◽

College Course ◽

Improved Performance ◽

And Performance ◽

Influence Behavior

Teachers use injunctive norms when telling students what they should be doing. But researchers find that sometimes descriptive norms, information about what others are doing, more powerfully influence behavior. Currently, we examine which norm is more effective at increasing self-regulated studying and performance in an online college course. We found injunctive norms increased study behaviors aimed at fulfilling course requirements (completion of assigned activities), but did not improve learning outcomes. Descriptive norms increased behaviors aimed at improving knowledge (ungraded practice with activities after they were due), and improved performance. These results imply norms have a stronger influence over behavior when there is a match between the goal of the behavior (fulfilling course requirements vs. learning goals) and the pull of a stated norm (social approval vs. efficacy). Because the goal of education is learning, this suggests descriptive norms have a greater value for motivating self-regulated study in authentic learning environments.

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Clients' Need for Social Approval and Perceptions of Counseling Relationship and Outcomes

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1973.32.2.363 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 363-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Harry McNally ◽

Robert Drummond

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

Social Desirability ◽

Social Approval ◽

Counseling Relationship ◽

Social Desirability Scale ◽

Counseling Process ◽

The Social ◽

Process And Outcome ◽

The Relationship ◽

Evaluation Inventory

The present study examined the relationship between clients' need for social approval and clients' ratings of counseling process and outcomes. A group of 52 junior high, secondary school, and college student counselees anonymously completed the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory and Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale at the conclusion of a second interview with a counselor. 2 wk. after termination of counseling the clients anonymously completed the Counseling Evaluation Inventory. Clients' scores on the Social Approval Scale were used to assign them to a high approval-need group or a low approval-need group. Ratings of counseling process and outcome made by the 2 groups showed clients with high need for social approval rated their counselors as more empathic and their counseling experiences as more satisfactory. Results suggest that clients' need for social approval should be controlled in research utilizing clients' ratings.

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MEASUREMENT AND SOCIAL DESIRABILITY RESPONSE BIAS IN EXPERIMENTAL VIGNETTE RESARCH: A TEST OF FAZIO’S MODE THEORY

10.31222/osf.io/cp65t ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

John Stolte

Keyword(s):

Response Bias ◽

Social Desirability ◽

Dual Process ◽

Attitude Measurement ◽

Social Approval ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Mode Theory ◽

Social Desirability Response Bias ◽

The Social

BACKGROUND. Experimental vignette research methods have been used to study a diverse range of theoretical and practical issues. Vignettes are designed to create hypothetical cultural/normative contexts for the study of variation in self-reported attitudes. A key problem in such research, however, is potential social desirability response bias. METHOD. A vignette experimental test of an hypothesis derived from a dual-process theory (the MODE framework initially developed by Fazio) linking explicit vs. implicit self-reported attitude measurement and social desirability response bias is reported here. RESULTS. The data show that measuring the social approval of a central vignette character explicitly results in greater social desirability responding than measuring such approval implicitly, supporting MODE theory. CONCLUSIONS. Vignette research methodologies provide a rich, flexible toolkit for studying many important social psychological topics, including issues of inequality and equity. However, researchers can and should design a measurement strategy that carefully manages inferences drawn in light of conditions likely to produce social desirability response bias.

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Measurement And Social Desirability Response Bias In Experimental Vignette Research: A Test Of Fazio's Mode Theory (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.31001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

John Stolte

Keyword(s):

Response Bias ◽

Social Desirability ◽

Dual Process ◽

Attitude Measurement ◽

Social Approval ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Mode Theory ◽

Social Desirability Response Bias ◽

The Social

BACKGROUND Experimental vignette research methods have been used to study a diverse range of theoretical and practical issues. Vignettes are designed to create hypothetical cultural/normative contexts for the study of variation in self-reported attitudes. A key problem in such research, however, is potential social desirability response bias. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present experiment is to test an explicit theory explaining such bias. METHODS A vignette experimental test of an hypothesis derived from a dual-process theory (the MODE framework initially developed by Fazio) linking explicit vs. implicit self-reported attitude measurement and social desirability response bias is reported here. RESULTS The data show that measuring the social approval of a central vignette character explicitly results in greater social desirability responding than measuring such approval implicitly, supporting MODE theory. CONCLUSIONS Vignette research methodologies provide a rich, flexible toolkit for studying many important social psychological topics, including issues of inequality and equity. However, researchers can and should design a measurement strategy that carefully manages inferences drawn in light of conditions likely to produce social desirability response bias

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PENYESUAIAN SOSIAL PENYANDANG DISABILITAS TUBUH DI BALAI BESAR REHABILITASI SOSIAL BINA DAKSA (BBRSBD) PROF. DR. SOEHARSO KOTA SURAKARTA, JAWATENGAH

KOMUNITAS ◽

10.20414/komunitas.v10i1.1071 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 20-38

Author(s):

Lukman Prasetyo Utomo

Keyword(s):

Social Adjustment ◽

Research Method ◽

Social Approval ◽

Disabled People ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

High Category ◽

Self Help ◽

Social Rehabilitation ◽

The Social ◽

Self Help Group

Final Scientific Writing is based on research about Social Adjustment of Disabled People at Social Rehabilitation House ofBinaDaksa (BBRSBD) of Prof. Dr. Soeharso Surakarta. The objectives of the research are to obtain the description about: the characteristics of respondents and 5 aspects of social adjustment namely: recognition, participation, social approval, altruism, and conformity. The method used in this research was descriptive research method with quantitative approach;it aimed to describe the Social Adjustment of Disabilities People at Social Rehabilitation House of BinaDaksa (BBRSBD) of Prof. Dr. Soeharso Surakarta. Data collection techniques used werequestionnaires, observations, and documentation studies. The research was conducted on 34 respondents determined by census. The results showed that the characteristics of respondents consisted of 10 women and 24 men among the ages of 17-25 years. The result of research also showed that 5 aspects of social adjustment, namely recognition aspect 94,12% are in high category so that it needs to be maintained, participation aspect 52,94% is in medium category so that it needs to be improved, social approval aspect 50.00% is in high category and 50.00% is in the moderate category so it needs to be improved, altruism aspect 73.53% is in high category so it needs to be maintained, conformity aspect 85,30% is in high category so it needs to be maintained. Based on the results of research, the participation and social approval aspects are in the moderate category, so they need to be improved by taking into account the problems faced and the source system that can be utilized, the writer offers problem solving in the form of "Participation Enhancement Program and Social Approval for Disabled People through Self-help Group (selfhelp group) at Social Rehabilitation House of BinaDaksa (BBRSBD) of Prof. Dr. Soeharso Surakarta. ". This program aims to improve the realization of better social adjustment for people with disabilities.

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Need for Approval as Related to the Effects of Persuasive Communications on Actual, Reported and Intended Behavior Change—A Viable Predictor?

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1973.33.3.719 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 719-725 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard M. Rozelle ◽

Richard I. Evans ◽

Thomas M. Lasater ◽

Theodore M. Dembroski ◽

Bem P. Allen

Keyword(s):

Behavior Change ◽

Dental Hygiene ◽

Maximal Effect ◽

Natural Setting ◽

Social Approval ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Persuasive Communications ◽

Intended Behavior ◽

The Social ◽

Need For Approval

Need-for-approval scores were examined for possible relationships with various persuasive appeals, including one in which the social-approval content was predicted to have maximal effect on Ss high in need for approval. The study was conducted in the context of a large project in a natural setting ostensibly for the purpose of improving dental hygiene. Dependent measures included behavioral as well as reported responses in all experimental conditions. Although a trend in the predicted direction was obtained for the intention-to-behave measure, need-for-approval scores generally failed to predict the significant changes that were obtained. Implications of utilizing personality measures such as this one as related to attitude-behavior change are discussed.

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MEASUREMENT AND SOCIAL DESIRABILITY RESPONSE BIAS IN EXPERIMENTAL VIGNETTE RESARCH: A TEST OF FAZIO’S MODE THEORY

10.31235/osf.io/u86aj ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

John Stolte

Keyword(s):

Response Bias ◽

Social Desirability ◽

Dual Process ◽

Attitude Measurement ◽

Social Approval ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Mode Theory ◽

Social Desirability Response Bias ◽

The Social

BACKGROUND. Experimental vignette research methods have been used to study a diverse range of theoretical and practical issues. Vignettes are designed to create hypothetical cultural/normative contexts for the study of variation in self-reported attitudes. A key problem in such research, however, is potential social desirability response bias. METHOD. A vignette experimental test of an hypothesis derived from a dual-process theory (the MODE framework initially developed by Fazio) linking explicit vs. implicit self-reported attitude measurement and social desirability response bias is reported here. RESULTS. The data show that measuring the social approval of a central vignette character explicitly results in greater social desirability responding than measuring such approval implicitly, supporting MODE theory. CONCLUSIONS. Vignette research methodologies provide a rich, flexible toolkit for studying many important social psychological topics, including issues of inequality and equity. However, researchers can and should design a measurement strategy that carefully manages inferences drawn in light of conditions likely to produce social desirability response bias.

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The neo-pin ups: Reimagining mid-twentieth-century style and sensibilities

Australasian Journal of Popular Culture ◽

10.1386/ajpc_00012_1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 7-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lisa J. Hackett

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Social Values ◽

Point Of View ◽

Feminist Movement ◽

Male Gaze ◽

Social Approval ◽

The Past ◽

The Social ◽

And Gender ◽

The 1960S

Pin Up style has made a comeback with dozens of pin up competitions featuring at retro car festivals and events across Australia. A sub-culture has grown up around this phenomenon, with boutiques, celebrities and online influencers celebrating its aesthetic. I refer to this group as ‘neo-pin ups’ to differentiate them from the pin ups of the mid-twentieth century. Despite heralding the style and beauty of 1940s and 1950s pin ups, these neo-pin ups bear little resemblance to their mid-century counterparts. Researchers such as Madeleine Hamilton have investigated the era of the original Australian 1940s and 1950s pin up, finding an image deemed to be both ‘wholesome’ and ‘patriotic’ and suitable for the troops on the front lines. Ironically, this social approval resulted in pin up evolving in a more explicit direction throughout the 1960s as epitomized by Playboy magazine and the Miss World competitions. During this time, the increasingly influential feminist movement challenged the way women were viewed in society, particularly in regard to objectification and the male gaze. This critique continues today with the #metoo and gender equality movements. This article investigates how and why Australian women are transforming the image of the 1940s and 1950s pin up. Drawing upon interviews and observations conducted within the Australian neo-pin up culture, this article demonstrates how neo-pin ups draw on contemporary mores, rejecting the social values of their mid-century counterparts and reclaiming women’s place in society and history, from a female point of view. Neo-pin ups are not looking to return to the past, instead they are rewriting what pin ups represent to the present and future.

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MEASUREMENT AND SOCIAL DESIRABILITY RESPONSE BIAS IN EXPERIMENTAL VIGNETTE RESEARCH: A TEST OF MODE THEORY

10.31219/osf.io/rwsfh ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

John Stolte

Keyword(s):

Response Bias ◽

Social Desirability ◽

Dual Process ◽

Dual Process Theory ◽

Attitude Measurement ◽

Social Approval ◽

Diverse Range ◽

Mode Theory ◽

Social Desirability Response Bias ◽

The Social

BACKGROUND. Experimental vignette research methods have been used to study a diverse range of theoretical and practical issues. Vignettes are designed to create hypothetical cultural/normative contexts for the study of variation in self-reported attitudes. A key problem in such research, however, is potential social desirability response bias. METHOD. A vignette experimental test of an hypothesis derived from a dual-process theory (the MODE framework) linking explicit vs. implicit self-reported attitude measurement and social desirability response bias is reported here. RESULTS. The data show that measuring the social approval of a central vignette character explicitly results in greater social desirability responding than measuring such approval implicitly, supporting MODE theory. CONCLUSIONS. Vignette research methodologies provide a rich, flexible toolkit for studying important topics in clinical and health psychology. However, researchers can and should design a measurement strategy that carefully manages inferences drawn in light of conditions likely to produce social desirability response bias.

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