The effect of temperature on the glucose uptake and glucose utilization of isolated rat lenses

The addition of insulin, or of various enzyme inhibitors, to the intact isolated rat diaphragm causes an increase in pentose space, without causing a corresponding increase in inulin space or in total water. It is suggested that there is a relationship between cellular metabolism and permeability to pentoses. If pentose permeability and glucose permeability are governed by similar mechanisms, this means the glucose permeability might depend on cellular metabolism. However, phenethylbiguanide and pyruvate do not increase the permeability to pentoses, though they do increase glucose uptake. This means that glucose uptake might be increased without a corresponding increase in glucose permeability. Glucose utilization therefore may be governed by several factors of which the cellular permeability is only one.

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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF PENTOSES IN THE ISOLATED RAT DIAPHRAGM

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/y60-002 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 13-17

Author(s):

N. Forbath ◽

D. W. Clarke

Keyword(s):

Glucose Uptake ◽

Glucose Utilization ◽

Enzyme Inhibitors ◽

Cellular Metabolism ◽

Rat Diaphragm ◽

Total Water ◽

Increase Glucose Uptake ◽

Inulin Space ◽

Cellular Permeability ◽

Isolated Rat

The addition of insulin, or of various enzyme inhibitors, to the intact isolated rat diaphragm causes an increase in pentose space, without causing a corresponding increase in inulin space or in total water. It is suggested that there is a relationship between cellular metabolism and permeability to pentoses. If pentose permeability and glucose permeability are governed by similar mechanisms, this means the glucose permeability might depend on cellular metabolism. However, phenethylbiguanide and pyruvate do not increase the permeability to pentoses, though they do increase glucose uptake. This means that glucose uptake might be increased without a corresponding increase in glucose permeability. Glucose utilization therefore may be governed by several factors of which the cellular permeability is only one.

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In VitroStudy on Glucose Utilization Capacity of Bioactive Fractions ofHouttuynia cordatain Isolated Rat Hemidiaphragm and Its Major Phytoconstituent

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences ◽

10.1155/2016/2573604 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Manish Kumar ◽

Satyendra K. Prasad ◽

Siva Hemalatha

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Glucose Utilization ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Negative Control ◽

Houttuynia Cordata ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Biological Standard ◽

Isolated Rat

Objective. The whole plant ofHouttuynia cordatahas been reported to have potent antihyperglycemic activity. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the glucose utilization capacity of bioactive fractions of ethanol extract ofHouttuynia cordata(HC) in isolated rat hemidiaphragm.Methods. All the fractions, that is, aqueous (AQ), hexane (HEX), chloroform (CHL), and ethyl acetate (EA), obtained from ethanol extract ofH. cordatawere subjected to phytochemical standardization use in quercetin as a marker with the help of HPTLC. Further, glucose utilization capacity by rat hemidiaphragm was evaluated in 12 different sets ofin vitroexperiments. In the study, different fractions fromH. cordataas mentioned above were evaluated, where insulin was used as standard and quercetin as a biological standard.Results. Among all the tested fractions, AQ and EA significantly increased glucose uptake by isolated rat hemidiaphragm compared to negative control. Moreover, AQ fractions enhanced the uptake of glucose significantly (p<0.05) and was found to be more effective than insulin.Conclusions. The augmentation in glucose uptake by hemidiaphragm in presence of AQ and EA fractions may be attributed to the presence of quercetin, which was found to be 7.1 and 3.2% w/w, respectively, in both the fractions.

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β-Sitosterol-D-Glucopyranoside Mimics Estrogenic Properties and Stimulates Glucose Utilization in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26113129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3129

Author(s):

Jyotsana Pandey ◽

Kapil Dev ◽

Sourav Chattopadhyay ◽

Sleman Kadan ◽

Tanuj Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Glucose Utilization ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Expression System ◽

Muscle Cells ◽

Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽

Cell Periphery ◽

Glut4 Translocation ◽

In Silico Docking

Estrogenic molecules have been reported to regulate glucose homeostasis and may be beneficial for diabetes management. Here, we investigated the estrogenic effect of β-sitosterol-3-O-D-glucopyranoside (BSD), isolated from the fruits of Cupressus sempervirens and monitored its ability to regulate glucose utilization in skeletal muscle cells. BSD stimulated ERE-mediated luciferase activity in both ERα and ERβ-ERE luc expression system with greater response through ERβ in HEK-293T cells, and induced the expression of estrogen-regulated genes in estrogen responsive MCF-7 cells. In silico docking and molecular interaction studies revealed the affinity and interaction of BSD with ERβ through hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bond pairing. Furthermore, prolonged exposure of L6-GLUT4myc myotubes to BSD raised the glucose uptake under basal conditions without affecting the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, the effect associated with enhanced translocation of GLUT4 to the cell periphery. The BSD-mediated biological response to increase GLUT4 translocation was obliterated by PI-3-K inhibitor wortmannin, and BSD significantly increased the phosphorylation of AKT (Ser-473). Moreover, BSD-induced GLUT4 translocation was prevented in the presence of fulvestrant. Our findings reveal the estrogenic activity of BSD to stimulate glucose utilization in skeletal muscle cells via PI-3K/AKT-dependent mechanism.

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THE EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONE ON GLUCOSE UPTAKE BY THE ISOLATED RAT DIAPHRAGM

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55663-5 ◽

1952 ◽

Vol 197 (1) ◽

pp. 151-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C.R. Park ◽

David H. Brown ◽

Marvin. Cornblath ◽

William H. Daughaday ◽

M.E. Krahl

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Rat Diaphragm ◽

Isolated Rat

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L-leucine stimulation of glucose uptake and utilization involves modulation of glucose – lipid metabolic switch and improved bioenergetic homeostasis in isolated rat psoas muscle ex vivo

Amino Acids ◽

10.1007/s00726-021-03021-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ochuko L. Erukainure ◽

Veronica F. Salau ◽

Olubunmi Atolani ◽

Rahul Ravichandran ◽

Priyanka Banerjee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Uptake ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Psoas Muscle ◽

Metabolic Switch ◽

Isolated Rat ◽

Stimulation Of

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Effects of Insulin on Isolated Rat Mammary Cell Metabolism: Glucose Utilization and Metabolite Patterns1

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/endo-89-5-1263 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 89 (5) ◽

pp. 1263-1269 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

R.J. MARTIN ◽

R.L. BALDWIN

Keyword(s):

Glucose Utilization ◽

Cell Metabolism ◽

Mammary Cell ◽

Isolated Rat

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Genistein inhibits glucose and sulphate transport in isolated rat liver lysosomes

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114509991693 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 103 (2) ◽

pp. 197-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hsu-Fang Chou ◽

Kun-Hung Chuang ◽

Yi-Shan Tsai ◽

Yi-Ju Chen

Keyword(s):

Glucose Uptake ◽

Glucose Transport ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Uptake Kinetics ◽

Isolated Rat Liver ◽

Sulphate Transport ◽

Genistein Treatment ◽

Liver Lysosomes ◽

Rat Liver Lysosomes ◽

Isolated Rat

Genistein and daidzein are known to have both beneficial and adverse effects on human health due to their many biological actions at the cellular level. Both isoflavones have been shown to inhibit GLUT-mediated glucose transport across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. Since lysosomal membrane transport is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, the present study examined the effects of genistein and daidzein on glucose and sulphate transport in isolated rat liver lysosomes. Both genistein and daidzein significantly inhibited lysosomal glucose uptake. Genistein was a more potent glucose transport inhibitor than daidzein, with a half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 45 μmol/l compared with 71 μmol/l for daidzein. Uptake kinetics of d-glucose showed a significant decrease in Vmax (control:genistein treat = 1489 (sem 91):507 (sem 76) pmol/unit of β-hexosaminidase per 15 s) without a change in Km. The presence of 50 μm-genistein in the medium also reduced glucose efflux from lysosomes preloaded with 100 mm-d-glucose. Genistein also inhibited lysosomal sulphate transport. Similar to its effects on glucose uptake kinetics, genistein treatment caused a significant decrease in sulphate uptake Vmax (control:genistein treat = 87 (sem 4):59 (sem 5) pmol/unit of β-hexosaminidase per 30 s), while the Km was not affected. The evidence provided by the present study suggests that the most likely mechanism of lysosomal glucose transport inhibition by genistein is via direct interaction between genistein and the transporter, rather than mediation by tyrosine kinase inactivation. Genistein likely has a similar mechanism of directly inhibiting sulphate transporter.

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An investigation of arterial insufficiency in the rat hindlimb Correlation of skeletal muscle bloodflow and glucose utilization in vivo

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2400395 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 240 (2) ◽

pp. 395-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R A Challiss ◽

D J Hayes ◽

G K Radda

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Sciatic Nerve ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Nerve Stimulation ◽

Linear Correlation ◽

Glucose Utilization ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Artery Ligation ◽

Sciatic Nerve Stimulation

Muscle bloodflow and the rate of glucose uptake and phosphorylation were measured in vivo in rats 7 days after unilateral femoral artery ligation and section. Bloodflow was determined by using radiolabelled microspheres. At rest, bloodflow to the gastrocnemius, plantaris and soleus muscles of the ligated limb was similar to their respective mean contralateral control values; however, bilateral sciatic nerve stimulation at 1 Hz caused a less pronounced hyperaemic response in the muscles of the ligated limb, being 59, 63 and 49% of their mean control values in the gastrocnemius, plantaris and soleus muscles respectively. The rate of glucose utilization was determined by using the 2-deoxy[3H]glucose method [Ferré, Leturque, Burnol, Penicaud & Girard (1985) Biochem. J. 228, 103-110]. At rest, the rate of glucose uptake and phosphorylation was statistically significantly increased in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of the ligated limb, being 126 and 140% of the mean control values respectively. Bilateral sciatic nerve stimulation at 1 Hz caused a 3-5-fold increase in the rate of glucose utilization by the ligated and contralateral control limbs; furthermore, the rate of glucose utilization was significantly increased in the muscles of the ligated limb, being 140, 129 and 207% of their mean control values respectively. For the range of bloodflow to normally perfused skeletal muscle at rest or during isometric contraction determined in the present study, a linear correlation between the rate of glucose utilization and bloodflow can be demonstrated. Applying similar methods of regression analysis to glucose utilization and bloodflow to muscles of the ligated limb reveals a similar linear correlation. However, the rate of glucose utilization at a given bloodflow is increased in muscles of the ligated limb, indicating an adaptation of skeletal muscle to hypoperfusion.

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