Intraventricular treatment of neonatal meningitis due to gram-negative bacilli

1977 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. McCracken
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Intraventricular Treatment

Kanamycin and Gentamicin Treatment of Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-699
Author(s):  
Margan J. Chang ◽  
Marilyn Escobedo ◽  
Donald C. Anderson ◽  
Laura Hillman ◽  
Ralph D. Feigin
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
Gentamicin Treatment ◽  
Alternative Approaches

Mortality from neonatal meningitis due to gram-negative microorganisms remains 50% despite use of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Blood was obtained on 238 occasions from 77 neonates with putative or documented sepsis; paired blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained on 14 occasions from ten neonates with meningitis. Kanamycin and gentamicin were measured by a radioisotopic assay procedure. Kanamycin was administered at 15 mg/kg/day in three divided doses intravenously; serum concentrations peaked at one hour (mean, 7.77µg/ml). Gentamicin was administered at 7.5 mg/kg/day in three divided doses intravenously; serum concentrations peaked at two hours (mean, 5.34µg/ml). Both aminoglycosides generally were nondetectable within the CSF; survival of neonates with gram-negative meningitis correlated specifically with the sensitivity of their isolates to ampicillin which was administered concurrently. This study suggests that alternative approaches to the treatment of neonatal sepsis should be explored; administration of an antibiotic which crosses the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier more readily should be considered.

scholarly journals Intrinsically Resistant Bacteria as Looming Disaster: A Rare Case Report of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica Meningitis in a Neonate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyadarshini Patro ◽  
Padma Das ◽  
Phalguni Padhi
Keyword(s):  
High Mortality ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Elizabethkingia Meningoseptica

Abstract Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a recognized cause of neonatal meningitis with high mortality rate of approximately 57%, but clinical data detailing these infections remain limited from India. Though this bacteria has a Gram-negative character, it is usually multidrug resistant to antibiotics usually prescribed for Gram-negative bacterial infections and susceptible to antibiotics for Gram-positive bacteria, thus poses a serious challenge to the treating clinicians. Such cases of neonatal meningitis is most commonly associated with prematurity with birth weight < 2,500 g, but here we report an uncommon case of neonatal meningitis due to this rare pathogen in a full-term neonate with weight as per gestational age. The isolate was multidrug resistant and discrepancy was seen between disc diffusion and automated antibiotic susceptibility testing for few antibiotics. The case was successfully managed by treatment with combination of piperacillin-tazobactam, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, and rifampicin for a total duration of 28 days, due to prompt identification of the causative organism and initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy early. E. meningoseptica can cause severe infection, with risk of high mortality and neurological sequelae in neonates. Intensive care and multidisciplinary interventions are crucial for case management.

The treatment of neonatal meningitis due to Gram-negative bacilli with ciprofloxacin: Evidence of satisfactory penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D.R. Green ◽  
François Ilunga ◽  
John S. Cheesbrough ◽  
Glenn S. Tillotson ◽  
Mark Hichens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Gram Negative

scholarly journals Non-neonatal meningitis due to less common bacterial pathogens, the Netherlands, 1975–83

1986 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Spanjaard ◽  
P. Bol ◽  
H. C. Zanen
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Micro Organisms

SummaryIn the Netherlands, case histories of 160 patients aged more than 1 month, with meningitis due to bacteria other thanNeisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzaeandStreptococcus pneumoniaewere reviewed in order to look for associations between the bacteriological data and the course of disease.The incidence of such cases was about 0·8/100000/year.Escherichia coliandListeria monocytogeneseach accounted for about 15% of the cases. The case-fatality rate was 18·8% (Gram-negative bacteria, 25%; Gram-positives, 15%) and sequelae occurred in 13·3% of the surviving patients (14 and 13% Gram-negative and Gram-positive, respectively). Hearing loss was the most prevalent sequela (50%). Predisposing factors were present in 70% of patients (69 and 71% respectively), especially in meningitis due to enteric Gram-negative bacteria (except for salmonella) and due to staphylococci.Surveillance is important because the incidence of meningitis due to these micro-organisms is likely to increase and because the problems in antibiotic treatment have not yet been solved.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence ofCitrobacter freundiiMyophage Michonne

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Bernal ◽  
Victoria E. Berkowitz ◽  
Jesse L. Cahill ◽  
Eric S. Rasche ◽  
Gabriel F. Kuty Everett
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Gram Negative

Citrobacter freundiiis a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that causes dangerous infections such as neonatal meningitis.C. freundiialso harbors antibiotic resistance, making phages infecting this host valuable tools. Here, we announce the complete genome of theC. freundiiFelixO1-like myophage Michonne and describe its notable features.

scholarly journals Peptides affecting outer membrane lipid asymmetry (MlaA-OmpC/F) system reduce avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) colonization in chickens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipak Kathayat ◽  
Gary Closs ◽  
Yosra A. Helmy ◽  
Dhanashree Lokesh ◽  
Sochina Ranjit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Neonatal Meningitis ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Lipid Asymmetry ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
F System

Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), an extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), causes colibacillosis in chickens and is reportedly associated with urinary tract infections and meningitis in humans. Development of resistance is a major limitation of current ExPEC antibiotic therapy. New antibacterials that can circumvent resistance problem such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critically needed. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) derived peptides against APEC and uncovered their potential antibacterial targets. Three peptides (NPSRQERR: P1; PDENK: P2, and VHTAPK: P3) displayed inhibitory activity against APEC. These peptides were effective against APEC in biofilm and chicken macrophage HD11 cells. Treatment with these peptides reduced the cecum colonization (0.5 to 1.3 logs) of APEC in chickens. Microbiota analysis revealed two peptides (P1 and P2) decreased Enterobacteriaceae abundance with minimal impact on overall cecal microbiota of chickens. Bacterial cytological profiling showed peptides disrupt APEC membrane either by causing membrane shedding, rupturing or flaccidity. Further, gene expression analysis revealed that peptides downregulated the expression of omp C (>13.0 folds), omp F (>11.3 folds) and mla A (>4.9 folds) genes responsible for maintenance of outer membrane (OM) lipid asymmetry. Consistently, immunoblot analysis also showed decreased levels of OmpC and MlaA proteins in APEC treated with peptides. Alanine scanning studies revealed residues crucial (P1: N, E, R and P; P2: D and E; P3: T, P, and K) for their activity. Overall, our study identified peptides with new antibacterial target that can be developed to control APEC infections in chickens, thereby curtailing poultry-originated human ExPEC infections. Importance APEC is a subgroup of ExPEC and considered as a foodborne zoonotic pathogen transmitted through consumption of contaminated poultry products. APEC shares genetic similarities with human ExPECs, including uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) and neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC). Our study identified LGG-derived peptides (P1: NPSRQERR, P2: PDENK, and P3: VHTAPK) effective in reducing APEC infection in chickens. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as ideal candidates for antibacterial development because of their low propensity for resistance development and ability to kill resistant bacteria. Mechanistic studies showed peptides disrupt APEC membrane by affecting MlaA-OmpC/F system responsible for maintenance of OM lipid asymmetry, a promising new druggable target to overcome resistance problem in Gram-negative bacteria. Altogether, these peptides can provide a valuable approach for development of novel anti-ExPEC therapies, including APEC, human ExPECs and other related Gram-negative pathogens. Further, effective control of APEC infections in chickens can curb poultry-originated ExPEC infections in humans.

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