scholarly journals Changes in peripheral blood leukocyte counts, lymphocyte subpopulations, and in vitro transformation after heart valve replacement

1979 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauli Ryhünen ◽  
Elja Herva ◽  
Arno Hollmen ◽  
Lauri Nuutinen ◽  
Raimo Pihlajaniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subpopulations ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
In Vitro Transformation ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Blood Leukocyte

scholarly journals Subnormal Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Counts Are Related to the Lowest Prevalence and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome: Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health Cohort Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaomei Sun ◽  
Hongmei Wu ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Chongjin Wang ◽  
Yinting Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Blood Leukocyte

Few studies have assessed the relationship between a subnormal inflammatory status and metabolic syndrome (MS). We therefore designed a cross-sectional and 5-year cohort study to evaluate how a subnormal peripheral blood leukocyte count is related to MS. Participants were recruited from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital-Health Management Centre. Both a baseline cross-sectional (n=46,179) and a prospective assessment (n=13,061) were performed. Participants without a history of MS were followed up for 5 years. Leukocyte counts and MS components were assessed at baseline and yearly during the follow-up. Adjusted logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess relationships between the categories of leukocyte counts and MS. The subnormal leukocyte counts group (1,100–3,900 cells/mm3) had the lowest prevalence and incidence of MS. The odds ratio and hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of the highest leukocyte counts were 1.98 (1.57–2.49) and 1.50 (1.22–1.84) (bothPfor trend <0.0001), respectively, when compared to the subnormal leukocyte counts group after adjusting for potential confounders. This study has shown that subnormal leukocyte counts are independently related to the lowest prevalence and incidence of MS. The findings suggest that it is necessary to restudy and discuss the clinical or preventive value of subnormal leukocyte counts.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Holotoxin A1 From the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus During Ionizing Radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2093203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olesya S. Malyarenko ◽  
Lyudmila A. Ivanushko ◽  
Elena L. Chaikina ◽  
Mikhail I. Kusaykin ◽  
Alexandra S. Silchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Lymphoid Organs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Carcinoma ◽  
Leukocyte Number ◽  
Blood Leukocyte

Radiation therapy is one of the most important approaches to cancer therapy, but radiotoxicity to normal tissue is a serious limitation of this treatment. Compounds which are able to either sensitize cancer cells or protect normal cells to radiation are of great interest. The cytotoxicity of holotoxin A1 and the effects of radiation against DLD-1 and HT-29 cells were measured by MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay. The effect of the combination of holotoxin A1 with X-ray on colony formation of cancer cells was determined by the soft agar assay. The effect of holotoxin A1 on the recovery of peripheral blood leukocyte number, mass, and cellularity of the lymphoid organs of irradiated mice, as well as on growth of murine Ehrlich solid carcinoma was studied. Holotoxin A1 enhanced the sensitivity of colorectal carcinoma cells to radiation in vitro. Injection of holotoxin A1 to mice led to an increase in the spleen endogenous colony number and peripheral blood leukocyte number, as well as the weight and cellularity of the lymphoid organs of the irradiated mice. Holotoxin A1 in combination with X-ray radiation effectively inhibited the growth of Ehrlich solid carcinoma in vivo. Holotoxin A1 is suggested to be a promising agent for improving the efficiency of radiotherapy.

COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN MUSTARD (HN2), CHLORAMBUCIL (CB 1348), AND BUSULPHAN (MYLERAN) ON THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD AND THE FERROKINETIC PATTERNS IN DOGS

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Israels ◽  
C. Sinclair ◽  
J. Graf ◽  
A. Zipursky
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Cell Production ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Phenylbutyric Acid

Three alkylating agents, HN2 (methyl-bis(betachlorethyl)amine), chlorambucil (p-(di-2-chlorethylamino)-phenylbutyric acid), and busulphan (1,4-dimethanesulphonoxybutane) were studied with regard to their effects on leukocyte and red cell production in dogs. This was assessed by estimation of the peripheral blood leukocyte and reticulocyte changes as well as alterations in the plasma iron, Fe59 disappearance rate, plasma iron turnover, and red cell incorporation of radioactive iron. The two chlorethylamines had a similar effect on both leukocyte and red cell production. The effect on peripheral leukocyte counts was evident in 24 hours and the reticulocyte response indicated maximum interference with erythropoiesis on the third to seventh day following the drug. The effect of busulphan on both granulocytes and lymphocytes was slower to appear and slowly progressive. A difference in ferrokinetic pattern between the chlorethylamines and busulphan was also noted. The dissimilarity in ferrokinetic patterns may indicate a difference not only in mechanism of these agents on proliferating normoblasts but also in the inhibitory effects on the acceptance of iron by the red cell precursors and other body iron pools.

Enhanced Response to Chemotactic Activation of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes from Patients with Heart Valve Replacement

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (01) ◽  
pp. 071-074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Maugeri ◽  
Ana C Kempfer ◽  
Virgilio Evangelista ◽  
Chiara Cerletti ◽  
Giovanni de Gaetano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Thrombotic Event ◽  
Mechanical Heart Valve ◽  
Cathepsin G ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement

SummaryArtificial surfaces activate blood components. Since anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy fail to abolish thromboembolic complications in patients with mechanical heart valve replacement (MHVR), other mechanisms might contribute to switch on a thrombotic event. We therefore investigated the reactivity to chemotactic activation of PMN from patients with MHVR. PMN responses were analyzed in 3 groups: 130 patients with MHVR and oral anticoagulant therapy, with or without aspirin, 57 patients on a comparable antithrombotic regimen, but without MHVR and 50 healthy subjects. In vitro studies showed that the release of cathepsin G and elastase from fMLP-stimulated PMN was significantly higher in the MHVR group, the leukocyte content of α1-antitrypsin (an inhibitor of both enzymes) being similar in all three groups. CD1 lb expression after stimulation with fMLP was also significantly higher on PMN from MHVR patients than from control patients or healthy volunteers, while PMN CD 11b basal expression was similar in all three groups. This increased PMN response in vitro in the absence of an obvious activation in vivo, may reflect a modified reactivity of circulating PMN passing through the artificial valves. Increased reactivity to local stimuli might allow PMN to participate in thrombus formation, despite conventional antithrombotic therapy.

The Relation Between Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Counts and Respiratory Symptoms, Atopy, Lung Function, and Airway Responsiveness in Adults

CHEST Journal ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Lewis ◽  
Ian D. Pavord ◽  
John R. Stringer ◽  
Alan J. Knox ◽  
Scott T. Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocyte ◽  
Airway Responsiveness ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Blood Leukocyte

Calcification of Trileaflet Polyurethane Heart Valve

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parnian Boloori Zadeh ◽  
Hamid N.-Hashemi ◽  
Scott C. Corbett ◽  
Ahmet U. Coskun
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve Disease ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Limited Life ◽  
Alternative Material

Heart valve disease is a common type of cardiac disease that causes a large number of mortalities worldwide. Patients with severe heart valve problems are required to undergo heart valve replacement surgeries. Mechanical and bioprosthetic heart valves are the current available prostheses for patients in need of a heart valve replacement surgery. Mechanical heart valves are susceptible to thromboembolism and thrombosis and bioprosthetic valves have a limited life-span because of leaflet wear and calcification. Different polyurethane valves were suggested as an alternative material. However, prior results indicated that tested polyurethanes failed due to calcification. The mechanism for polyurethane calcification is not yet completely understood. Kou Imachi et al. [2], suggested that the calcification is due to entrapment of blood proteins and/or phospholipids in microgaps in the polymer and subsequent attraction of Ca ion, leading to formation of calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2). Bisphosphonates (BP), which are considered to enhance the calcification resistance of polymers once covalently bonded to the material, indicated promising results in some studies. Focus of the present study is the trileaflet polyurethane valve, originally developed in the design of the AbioCor® replacement heart, and has demonstrated excellent durability and hemocompatibility in clinical evaluation. Over the past three years, this valve has been modified and its potential as a replacement valve have been studied [1]. Valve hemodynamic analysis showed that it is comparable to bioprosthetic valve in terms of fluid flow, pressure drop and regurgitation [1]. In order to ensure the suitability of the trileaflet polyurethane valve as a replacement valve its fatigue and calcification resistance are studied. The purpose of this paper is to simulate calcification of trileaflet polyurethane valves in an in vitro accelerated test and compare that with that of tissue valves. Furthermore the effect of bisphosphonate modified polyurethane on calcification is studied.

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