Measuring and ensuring routine childhood vaccination coverage

The Lancet ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Carolina Danovaro-Holliday ◽  
Katrina Kretsinger ◽  
Marta Gacic-Dobo
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Routine Childhood

scholarly journals Vaccination coverage and factors associated with routine childhood vaccination uptake in rural Vellore, southern India, 2017

Vaccine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (23) ◽  
pp. 3078-3087
Author(s):  
Mark Rohit Francis ◽  
J. Pekka Nuorti ◽  
Rajeev Zachariah Kompithra ◽  
Heidi Larson ◽  
Vinohar Balraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Uptake ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Routine Childhood

scholarly journals Pandemics, epidemics and inequities in routine childhood vaccination coverage: a rapid review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000842
Author(s):  
Nick Spencer ◽  
Rita Nathawad ◽  
Emmanuele Arpin ◽  
Samantha Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Routine Vaccination ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Routine Childhood ◽  
Paper Review ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Comparison Inequality

Inequity in routine childhood vaccination coverage is well researched. Pandemics disrupt infrastructure and divert health resources from preventive care, including vaccination programmes, leading to increased vaccine preventable morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 control measures have resulted in coverage reductions. We conducted a rapid review of the impact of pandemics on existing inequities in routine vaccination coverage. PICO search framework: Population: children 0–18 years; Intervention/exposure: pandemic/epidemic; Comparison: inequality; Outcome: routine vaccination coverage. The review demonstrates a gap in the literature as none of the 29 papers selected for full-paper review from 1973 abstracts identified from searches met the inclusion criteria.

scholarly journals Attitudes and beliefs of parents about routine childhood vaccination in Greece

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Despoina Gkentzi ◽  
Charalampia Tsagri ◽  
Eirini Kostopoulou ◽  
Sotirios Fouzas ◽  
Apostolos Vantarakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Routine Childhood

scholarly journals Childhood vaccination coverage in Australia: an equity perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arzu Arat ◽  
Hannah C. Moore ◽  
Sharon Goldfeld ◽  
Viveca Östberg ◽  
Vicky Sheppeard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Social Inequities ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Aboriginal Children

Abstract Background This study describes trends in social inequities in first dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR1) vaccination coverage in Western Australia (WA) and New South Wales (NSW). Using probabilistically-linked administrative data for 1.2 million children born between 2002 and 2011, we compared levels and trends in MMR1 vaccination coverage measured at age 24 months by maternal country of birth, Aboriginal status, maternal age at delivery, socio-economic status, and remoteness in two states. Results Vaccination coverage was 3–4% points lower among children of mothers who gave birth before the age of 20 years, mothers born overseas, mothers with an Aboriginal background, and parents with a low socio-economic status compared to children that did not belong to these social groups. In both states, between 2007 and 2011 there was a decline of 2.1% points in MMR1 vaccination coverage for children whose mothers were born overseas. In 2011, WA had lower coverage among the Aboriginal population (89.5%) and children of young mothers (89.3%) compared to NSW (92.2 and 92.1% respectively). Conclusion Despite overall high coverage of MMR1 vaccination, coverage inequalities increased especially for children of mothers born overseas. Strategic immunisation plans and policy interventions are important for equitable vaccination levels. Future policy should target children of mothers born overseas and Aboriginal children.

scholarly journals 87. Impact of State of Residence on Adult Vaccination Uptake: A Multilevel Modeling Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S175-S175
Author(s):  
Shannon Hunter ◽  
Diana Garbinsky ◽  
Elizabeth M La ◽  
Sara Poston ◽  
Cosmina Hogea
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
State Level ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Material Support ◽  
Adult Vaccination ◽  
Direct Compensation ◽  
Cluster Variation ◽  
Coverage Rates

Abstract Background Previous studies on adult vaccination coverage found inter-state variability that persists after adjusting for individual demographic factors. Assessing the impact of state-level factors may help improve uptake strategies. This study aimed to: • Update previous estimates of state-level, model-adjusted coverage rates for influenza; pneumococcal; tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap); and herpes zoster (HZ) vaccines (individually and in compliance with all age-appropriate recommended vaccinations) • Evaluate effects of individual and state-level factors on adult vaccination coverage using a multilevel modeling framework. Methods Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey data (2015–2017) were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated state vaccination coverage and compliance using predicted marginal proportions. BRFSS data were then combined with external state-level data to estimate multilevel models evaluating effects of state-level factors on coverage. Weighted odds ratios and measures of cluster variation were estimated. Results Adult vaccination coverage and compliance varied by state, even after adjusting for individual characteristics, with coverage ranging as follows: • Influenza (2017): 35.1–48.1% • Pneumococcal (2017): 68.2–80.8% • Tdap (2016): 21.9–46.5% • HZ (2017): 30.5–50.9% Few state-level variables were retained in final multilevel models, and measures of cluster variation suggested substantial residual variation unexplained by individual and state-level variables. Key state-level variables positively associated with vaccination included health insurance coverage rates (influenza/HZ), pharmacists’ vaccination authority (HZ), presence of childhood vaccination exemptions (pneumococcal/Tdap), and adult immunization information system participation (Tdap/HZ). Conclusion Adult vaccination coverage and compliance continue to show substantial variation by state even after adjusting for individual and state-level characteristics associated with vaccination. Further research is needed to assess additional state or local factors impacting vaccination disparities. Funding GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA (study identifier: HO-18-19794) Disclosures Shannon Hunter, MS, GSK (Other Financial or Material Support, Ms. Hunter is an employee of RTI Health Solutions, who received consultancy fees from GSK for conduct of the study. Ms. Hunter received no direct compensation from the Sponsor.) Diana Garbinsky, MS, GSK (Other Financial or Material Support, The study was conducted by RTI Health Solutions, which received consultancy fees from GSK. I am a salaried employee at RTI Health Solutions and received no direct compensation from GSK for the conduct of this study..) Elizabeth M. La, PhD, RTI Health Solutions (Employee) Sara Poston, PharmD, The GlaxoSmithKline group of companies (Employee, Shareholder) Cosmina Hogea, PhD, GlaxoSmithKline (Employee, Shareholder)

scholarly journals Measles and Rubella during COVID-19 Pandemic: Future Challenges in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Kazuki Shimizu ◽  
Ayaka Teshima ◽  
Hiromi Mase
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Vaccination Policy ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Routine Childhood ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Epidemiological Trends

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted essential health services. Simultaneously, it has created opportunities for citizens to raise awareness of personal hygiene, mask wearing, and other preventive measures. This brief report aims to clarify the epidemiological trends of measles and rubella in Japan and to explore future challenges for controlling these diseases during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Although Japan eliminated measles in 2015, the number of measles patients has gradually increased since then, and reached 744 in 2019. In the 2010s, Japan experienced two large rubella epidemics, and the majority of the patients were reported in Tokyo and other metropolitan areas. While the transmission of measles and rubella seems to be suppressed during the COVID-19 pandemic, closing the gap in routine childhood vaccination will be challenging in any country. Moreover, supplementary immunization campaigns for adults have also been disrupted, and they must be invigorated. While the pandemic has a devastating effect on a global scale, it should be utilized as a good opportunity to regain faith in vaccines, implement an evidence-based vaccination policy, and strengthen international cooperation.

Vaccine Coverage Across the Life Course in Michigan During the COVID-19 Pandemic: January–September 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e9
Author(s):  
Angela K. Shen ◽  
Cristi A. Bramer ◽  
Lynsey M. Kimmins ◽  
Robert Swanson ◽  
Patricia Vranesich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Immunization Registry ◽  
Immunization Services ◽  
Vaccines For Children ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immunization services across the life course. Methods. In this retrospective study, we used Michigan immunization registry data from 2018 through September 2020 to assess the number of vaccine doses administered, number of sites providing immunization services to the Vaccines for Children population, provider location types that administer adult vaccines, and vaccination coverage for children. Results. Of 12 004 384 individual vaccine doses assessed, 48.6%, 15.6%, and 35.8% were administered to children (aged 0–8 years), adolescents (aged 9–18 years), and adults (aged 19–105 years), respectively. Doses administered overall decreased beginning in February 2020, with peak declines observed in April 2020 (63.3%). Overall decreases in adult doses were observed in all settings except obstetrics and gynecology provider offices and pharmacies. Local health departments reported a 66.4% decrease in doses reported. For children, the total number of sites administering pediatric vaccines decreased while childhood vaccination coverage decreased 4.4% overall and 5.8% in Medicaid-enrolled children. Conclusions. The critical challenge is to return to prepandemic levels of vaccine doses administered as well as to catch up individuals for vaccinations missed. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 7, 2021: e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306474 )

Vaccination Coverage: Vaccine-Related Determinants & Anthropometric Measures in Children Resident in a Rural Community in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iribhogbe Osede Ignis ◽  
Sonila Tomini
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Susceptible Population

Background: Vaccination of children has played a significant role in reducing early childhood morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases; however, some factors act as deterrents in achieving adequate coverage in this susceptible population. Aims & Objectives: The study, therefore, aimed to identify vaccine-related determinants of childhood vaccination as well as determine the relationship between childhood vaccination status and body weight, height, and a child’s body mass index (BMI). Methods: The study was conducted using a cross-sectional design in which 608 caregiver-child pair was recruited sequentially by using a two-stage sampling technique. Structured questionnaires based on the SAGE vaccine hesitancy model were used to interview the participants. Elicited data was analyzed and categorical variables were presented in tables and charts as frequencies, while a chi-square test was used to test the association between the independent and dependent variables. Pearson’s correlation analysis was also done to determine the correlation between vaccination status and weight, height, and BMI of children. Result: The study showed that vaccination coverage was suboptimal (70.56%) in children and was below the expected target of 80%. Although a few (183, 30.10%) of the respondents claimed they would prevent the vaccination of their children due to the fear of needles, the majority (87.50%) will be willing to accept more vaccine doses for their children if there were no pain. While factors such as the experience of adverse reaction (X2 = 13.22, df = 2, p<0.001), crying from pain (X2 = 11.33, df = 2, p<0.001) and the scientific evidence of safety (X2 = 34.63, df = 2, p<0.001) were significantly associated with a complete vaccination status, vaccination status was positively correlated with the weight (r=0.160, p<0.001), height (r=0.081, p=0.023) and BMI (r=0.214, p<0.001) of children in the rural community. Conclusion: Vaccination uptake and coverage can be significantly improved in children by designing and implementing interventional programs that target pharmaceutical and vaccine-specific factors acting as barriers in these rural communities.

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