Classification of carcinogenic chemicals in the work area by the German MAK Commission11Members and coworkers of the German MAK Commission who contributed to the establishment of the new classification scheme and the evaluation of the substances are: Ulrich Andrae (Neuherberg); Britta Brinkmann (Weihenstephan); Johannes G. Filser (Neuherberg); Stephan Forderkunz (Weihenstephan); Hans-Peter Gelbke (Ludwigshafen); Hermann Kappus (Berlin); Hans-Günter Neumann (Würzburg); Klaus H. Norpoth (Essen); Heinz Walter Thielmann (Heidelberg); Riccarda Thier (Dortmund).: current examples for the new categories

Toxicology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 166 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Greim ◽  
Ulrike Reuter
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Work Area

Atherosis of trophoblast type: A specific form of decidual vasculopathy distinct from atherosis of macrophage type

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peilin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Type ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Placental Pathology ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Medial Necrosis ◽  
Acute Atherosis

Background: There are three types of decidual vasculopathy, namely, acute atherosis, fibrinoid medial necrosis and mural arterial hyerptrophy. Persistence of vascular trophoblasts is also known to be related to maternal vascular malperfusion, but detailed study is lacking. Material and methods: A total 1017 placentas from 2021 were collected with clinical, neonatal and placental information, and routine placental pathology examination was performed. Decidual vasculopathy was classified based on the new classification scheme including atherosis of macrophage type atherosis of trophoblast type, fibrinoid medial necrosis, mural arterial hypertrophy and mixed type vasculopathy. The significance of these morphologic changes were examined based on the clinical, neonatal and placental pathology features. Results: Decidual vasculopathy is classified as classic type, mural hypertrophy and mixed type. Classic type vasculopathy is further separated as atherosis and fibrinoid medial necrosis. Atherosis is defined as atherosis of macrophage type and atherosis of trophoblast type. Each category of decidual vasculopathy was evaluated in association with maternal, neonatal and placental pathologic findings. Atherosis of macrophage type and mixed type vasculopathy showed statistically significant association with preeclampsia/pregnancy induced hypertension, low birth weight and low placental weight. Atherosis of trophoblast type was associated with lower placental weight but not with specific clinical features. There is no neonatal sex dimorphism in decidual vasculopathy. Conclusion: Atherosis of trophoblast type is a distinct pathologic feature in late pregnancy, and it is associated with lower placental weight. New classification of decidual vasculopathy helps with better stratification and categorization of placental maternal vascular abnormalities.

Proposal for a New Histopathological Classification of the Carcinomas of the Nasopharynx

1978 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Micheau ◽  
Franco Rilke ◽  
Silvana Pilotti
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Histopathological Classification ◽  
Potential Origin

A new classification scheme for malignant tumors of the nasopharynx is proposed in which the undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal types as a prominent position. This term replaces the previous obsolete term lymphoepithelioma on the basis of its clinicopathologic identity, its separation from squamous cell carcinoma, and its potential origin from anatomical areas other than the nasopharynx.

scholarly journals Biodiversity and Classification of Lactococcal Phages

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 4338-4346 ◽  
Author(s):  
H�l�ne Deveau ◽  
Simon J. Labrie ◽  
Marie-Christine Chopin ◽  
Sylvain Moineau
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Detection Tool ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Pcr Method

ABSTRACT For this study, an in-depth review of the classification of Lactococcus lactis phages was performed. Reference phages as well as unclassified phages from international collections were analyzed by stringent DNA-DNA hybridization studies, electron microscopy observations, and sequence analyses. A new classification scheme for lactococcal phages is proposed that reduces the current 12 groups to 8. However, two new phages (Q54 and 1706), which are unrelated to known lactococcal phages, may belong to new emerging groups. The multiplex PCR method currently used for the rapid identification of phages from the three main lactococcal groups (936, c2, and P335) was improved and tested against the other groups, none of which gave a PCR product, confirming the specificity of this detection tool. However, this method does not detect all members of the highly diverse P335 group. The lactococcal phages characterized here were deposited in the F�lix d'H�relle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruses and represent a highly diverse viral community from the dairy environment.

scholarly journals CantoCore: A new cross-cultural song classification scheme

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. Savage ◽  
Emily Merritt ◽  
Tom Rzeszutek ◽  
Steven Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Performance Style ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Musical Evolution ◽  
The Relationship

Classification of organisms and languages has long provided the foundation for studying biological and cultural history, but there is still no accepted scheme for classifying songs cross-culturally. The best candidate, Lomax and Grauer’s “Cantometrics” coding scheme, did not spawn a large following due, in part, to concerns about its reliability. We present here a new classification scheme, called “CantoCore”, that is inspired by Cantometrics but that emphasizes its “core” structural characters rather than the more subjective characters of performance style. Using both schemes to classify the 30 songs from the Cantometrics Consensus Tape, we found that CantoCore appeared to be approximately 80% more reliable than Cantometrics. Nevertheless, Cantometrics still demonstrated significant reliability for all but its instrumental characters. Future multidisciplinary applications of CantoCore and Cantometrics to the cross-cultural study of musical similarity, musical evolution, musical universals, and the relationship between music and culture will provide the true test of each scheme’s value.

Kambin’s triangle: definition and new classification schema

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew A. Fanous ◽  
Luis M. Tumialán ◽  
Michael Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Disc Space ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Articular Process ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Original Report ◽  
Definition Of

Kambin’s triangle is an anatomical corridor used to access critical structures in a variety of spinal procedures. It is considered a safe space because it is devoid of vascular and neural structures of importance. Nonetheless, there is currently significant variation in the literature regarding the exact dimensions and anatomical borders of Kambin’s triangle. This confusion was originally caused by leaving the superior articular process (SAP) unassigned in the description of the working triangle, despite Kambin identifying that structure in his original report. The SAP is the most relevant structure to consider when accessing the transforaminal corridor. Leaving the SAP unassigned has led to an open-handed application of the term “Kambin’s triangle.” That single eponym currently has two potential meanings, one meaning for endoscopic surgeons working through a corridor in the intact spine and a second meaning for surgeons accessing the disc space after a complete or partial facetectomy. Nevertheless, an anatomical corridor should have one consistent definition to clearly communicate techniques and use of instrumentation performed through that space. As such, the authors propose a new surgically relevant classification of this corridor. Assigning the SAP a border requires adding another dimension to the triangle, thereby transforming it into a prism. The term “Kambin’s prism” indicates the assignment of a border to all relevant anatomical structures, allowing for a uniform definition of the 3D space. From there, the classification scheme considers the expansion of the corridor and the extent of bone removal, with a particular focus on the SAP.

scholarly journals Surface membrane characteristics and cytochemistry of the abnormal cells in adult acute leukemia

Blood ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-692
Author(s):  
DS Gordon ◽  
M Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Fc Receptor ◽  
Nonspecific Esterase ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Surface Immunoglobulin ◽  
Abnormal Cells

Membrane marker and cytochemical analyses were carried out on the abnormal cells from 70 adult acute leukemia patients. Such information may (1) supplement standard morphology and serve as a basis for a new classification scheme for acute leukemia, and (2) characterize the surface membranes of granulocyte, lymphocyte, and monocyte “progenitors.” Classification of acute lymphoid leukemias solely on the basis of morphology was unsatisfactory. The presence or absence of T-or B-cell markers was helful in classifying lymphoid leukemias. Monocyte progenitors were characteristically nonspecific esterase positive and Fc-receptor and membrane-IgG positive, but poorly phagocytic. Promyelocytes and myelocytes were frequently Fc-receptor positive and consequently positive for surface immunoglobulin. Myeloblasts were characteristically Fc-receptor negative. We conclude that surface membrane markers are essential in diagnosing lymphoid leukemias and helpful in nonlymphoid acute leukemias, and that cytochemistry is essential in delineating lymphoid from nonlymphoid leukemias and in subclassifying the latter.

scholarly journals Classification of Tropical Precipitating Systems Using Wind Profiler Spectral Moments. Part I: Algorithm Description and Validation

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 884-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Narayana Rao ◽  
N. V. P. Kirankumar ◽  
B. Radhakrishna ◽  
D. Narayana Rao ◽  
K. Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Doppler Velocity ◽  
Wind Profiler ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Spectral Moments ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Surface Rainfall ◽  
Stratiform Precipitation

Abstract The lower atmospheric wind profiler (LAWP) measurements made at Gadanki, India, have been used to develop an objective algorithm to classify the tropical precipitating systems. A detailed investigation on the existing classification scheme reveals major shortcomings in the scheme. In the present study, it is shown with examples that the Doppler velocity gradient (DVG) criterion is a necessary but certainly not a sufficient condition to identify the radar bright band. Such gradients in Doppler velocity can exist in other types of rain systems, for example, in convection, due to the modulation of Doppler velocity of hydrometeors by vertical air motion. The approach of the new classification scheme deviates considerably from that of existing algorithms. For instance, the new algorithm, in contrast to identifying the stratiform rain and assuming the remaining rain as convection, identifies first convection and later stratiform precipitation based on their specific characteristics. The other interesting feature in this algorithm is that it was built on the strengths of other potential classification schemes and theoretically accepted thresholds for classification of the precipitation. The performance of the new algorithm has been verified with the help of time–height maps of profiler moments and corresponding surface rainfall patterns.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Personality Traits and Dimensions within the Frame Work of Vedic Science

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhey Shyam Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
The Self ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Vedic Science ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
Outer Garment

The personality, as the outer garment of the character, manifests on different fronts of human actions and is assessed in an organization through several parameters, the so-called personality traits and dimensions. One popular approach used for this purpose is that of Jung which is based on four cognitive styles of psychology. The personality theory of Jung, in fact, yields four sharp categories of personality using two opposite ways of gathering information, namely sensation and intuition and another pair of two opposite ways of evaluating information, namely thinking and feeling. These different ways of gathering and evaluating information combine to form matrix of four problem-solving behaviors in cognitive psychology. Using the basics of Vedic Science, in particular the science of the Self (as developed earlier through the patomic model of human Being [1]), a deeper foundation to this scheme of classification of Jung is suggested in the present work. While investigating the ingredients of personality at the most fundamental level within this frame work, certain clues to improving the personality are also given. Further, with reference to an integrated personality (in terms of integrated body, mind and soul towards the success of an action) a personality creation mechanism is suggested which yields a new classification scheme on the basis of Vedic Science. It is argued that modern methods for assessing the personality while lack in assessing the spiritual content in the personality, the scheme suggested here, however, is rich enough for this purpose.

Classification of congenital upper limb anomalies: towards improved communication, diagnosis, and discovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerby C. Oberg
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Clinical Genetics ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Limb Anomalies ◽  
Hand Anomalies

Recently the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand replaced the Swanson scheme for classifying congenital upper limb anomalies with the Oberg, Manske, Tonkin (OMT) classification. This review explores the reasons for this change after nearly 50 years of using the Swanson classification. In particular, it documents the state of our understanding regarding genetics and limb development at the time Swanson generated his classification. It also describes the continued progress in clinical genetics and developmental biology. Such progress drives the need to embrace and incorporate these changes within a new classification scheme; one that will improve communication, diagnosis, and support further discovery of the pathogenesis of congenital hand anomalies.

Classification of Metal-Deficient Dwarfs in the Vilnius Photometric System

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lazauskaitė ◽  
A. Bartkevičius ◽  
S. Bartašiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Photometric System ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Quantitative Classification ◽  
Absolute Magnitudes ◽  
Visual Binaries

AbstractMethods used for the quantitative classification of metal-deficient stars in the Vilnius photometric system are reviewed. We present a new calibration of absolute magnitudes for dwarfs and subdwarfs, based on Hipparcos parallaxes. The new classification scheme is applied to a sample of Population II visual binaries.

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