The role of integrin receptors in aspects of glioma invasion in vitro

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harcharan K. Rooprai ◽  
Timothy Vanmeter ◽  
Chryssoula Panou ◽  
Stefan Schnüll ◽  
Gusta Trillo‐Pazos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrin Receptors ◽  
Glioma Invasion

Melanocyte Movement In Vitro: Role of Matrix Proteins and Integrin Receptors

1993 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph G Morelli ◽  
Joseph J Yohn ◽  
Tamara Zekman ◽  
David A Norris
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Integrin Receptors

scholarly journals Role of Microenvironment in Glioma Invasion: What We Learned from In Vitro Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Manini ◽  
Federica Caponnetto ◽  
Anna Bartolini ◽  
Tamara Ius ◽  
Laura Mariuzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Glioma Invasion

scholarly journals TMIC-33. INVESTIGATING S1PR3-MEDIATED GLIOBLASTOMA INVASION MECHANISMS USING 3D HYDROGEL - TISSUE CULTURE INSERT MODEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi254-vi255
Author(s):  
Kinsley Tate ◽  
R Chase Cornelison ◽  
Saloni Bhargava ◽  
Jennifer Munson
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Mouse Tumor ◽  
Glioma Invasion ◽  
Tissue Culture Insert ◽  
Tumor Implant

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor and is characterized by its ability to invade into the surrounding microenvironment of the brain. The invasiveness of GBM makes this cancer extremely hard to treat, leading to a median patient survival of less than 16 months. Interactions between the tumor and surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) play a key role in glioma invasion. Previous data from our xenograft mouse tumor implant model displays increased invasion in regions of fluid flow. Using this model, we identified an upregulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1PR3) in the TME in regions of flow. We used a syngeneic GL261 mouse model and found S1PR3-/- mice display decreased flow-mediated glioma invasion in comparison to wild type mice. To further understand the individual contributions of the S1PR3-presenting cells in the TME, we have examined the role of S1PR3 in our in vitro system. This system is based on patient derived cellular ratios and incorporates collagen-hyaluronan hydrogels placed within 96 well tissue culture insert plates. The tunability of this model allows for interactions between various cell types and the impact of fluid flow on invasion to be examined. To examine the role of S1PR3 on invasion, TY52156 (an S1PR3 inhibitor) was applied to different cellular combinations including: G34 alone (a patient-specific cell line), +astrocytes, +microglia, +TME (astrocytes and microglia). A significant decrease in G34 flow stimulated invasion was observed with TY52156 but only in the presence of the TME or microglia alone. This data suggests that TY52156 thwarts the effects of flow and the microglia contributions to invasion. To further this work we plan to identify and evaluate other S1PR3-expressing cell types from mouse tumor implant samples using immunohistochemistry staining. This information will be used to determine further components that can be examined in our in vitro model.

scholarly journals Extracellular Matrix and Integrins in Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 8s2 ◽  
pp. BCI.S30377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Wang ◽  
Xie Luo ◽  
Jake Leighton
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
In Vitro Differentiation ◽  
Integrin Receptors

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent cells with great therapeutic potentials. The in vitro differentiation of ESC was designed by recapitulating embryogenesis. Significant progress has been made to improve the in vitro differentiation protocols by toning soluble maintenance factors. However, more robust methods for lineage-specific differentiation and maturation are still under development. Considering the complexity of in vivo embryogenesis environment, extracellular matrix (ECM) cues should be considered besides growth factor cues. ECM proteins bind to cells and act as ligands of integrin receptors on cell surfaces. Here, we summarize the role of the ECM and integrins in the formation of three germ layer progenies. Various ECM–integrin interactions were found, facilitating differentiation toward definitive endoderm, hepatocyte-like cells, pancreatic beta cells, early mesodermal progenitors, cardiomyocytes, neuroectoderm lineages, and epidermal cells, such as keratinocytes and melanocytes. In the future, ECM combinations for the optimal ESC differentiation environment will require substantial study.

scholarly journals OPN Inhibits Autophagy through CD44, Integrin and the MAPK Pathway in Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui-Jun Bai ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Yu-Sheng Li ◽  
Jian Tian ◽  
Deng-Jie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Αvβ3 Integrin ◽  
Integrin Receptors ◽  
Erk Mapk ◽  
Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes ◽  
Autophagy Activity

Abstract Background: To investigate whether OPN has an effect on autophagy in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and determine the roles of CD44, αvβ3 integrin and the MAPK pathway in this progress. Methods: First, we cultured human OA chondrocytes in vitro and then treated cells with rhOPN to determine autophagy changes. Next , the anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 monoclonal antibodies (Abs) or isotype IgG were used to determine the possible role of CD44 and αvβ3 integrin; subsequently, an inhibitor of the ERK MAPK pathway was used to investigate the role of ERK MAPK. Western blotting was used to measure the beclin1, LC3 II and MAPK protein expression, and mRFP-GFP-LC3 confocal imaging was used to detect the autophagy levels. CCK-8 was used to assay the proliferation and activity of chondrocytes. Results: Our results showed that the LC3 protein was greatly decreased in OA cartilage compared to normal cartilage ,and OPN suppressed the autophagy activity in chondrocytes in vitro. Blocking experiments with anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 Abs indicated that OPN could suppress the expression of LC3II and beclin1 through αvβ3 integrin and CD44. Our results also indicated that the ratio of p-ERK/ ERK but not p-P38/P38 and p-JNK/JNK was increased after the rhOPN treatment. The ERK inhibitor inhibited the activity of OPN in the suppression of autophagy, and the CCK-8 results showed that rhOPN could promote chondrocyte proliferation. Conclusions: OPN inhibited chondrocyte autophagy through CD44 and αvβ3 integrin receptors and via the ERK MAPK signaling pathway.

scholarly journals CircGLIS3 Promotes High-Grade Glioma Invasion via Modulating Ezrin Phosphorylation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Jiansheng Chen ◽  
Zetao Chen ◽  
Xiangdong Xu ◽  
Jun Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Glioma Invasion ◽  
Exon 2

High-grade glioma is highly invasive and malignant, resistant to combined therapies, and easy to relapse. A better understanding of circular RNA (circRNA) biological function in high-grade glioma might contribute to the therapeutic efficacy. Here, a circRNA merely upregulated in high-grade glioma, circGLIS3 (hsa_circ_0002874, originating from exon 2 of GLIS3), was validated by microarray and Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The role of circGLIS3 in glioma was assessed by functional experiments both in vitro and in vivo. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and immunohistochemical staining were performed for mechanistic study. Cocultured brain endothelial cells with glioma explored the role of exosome-derived circGLIS3 in the glioma microenvironment. We found that upregulation of circGLIS3 promoted glioma cell migration and invasion and showed aggressive characteristics in tumor-bearing mice. Mechanistically, we found that circGLIS3 could promote the Ezrin T567 phosphorylation level. Moreover, circGLIS3 could be excreted by glioma through exosomes and induced endothelial cell angiogenesis. Our findings indicate that circGLIS3 is upregulated in high-grade glioma and contributes to the invasion and angiogenesis of glioma via modulating Ezrin T567 phosphorylation.

The role of silicon in forages: A quantitative X-Ray study

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
Janet H. Woodward ◽  
D. E. Akin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acetate Buffer ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Sodium Acetate Buffer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Percent Composition

Silicon (Si) is distributed throughout plant tissues, but its role in forages has not been clarified. Although Si has been suggested as an antiquality factor which limits the digestibility of structural carbohydrates, other research indicates that its presence in plants does not affect digestibility. We employed x-ray microanalysis to evaluate Si as an antiquality factor at specific sites of two cultivars of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactvlon (L.) Pers.). “Coastal” and “Tifton-78” were chosen for this study because previous work in our lab has shown that, although these two grasses are similar ultrastructurally, they differ in in vitro dry matter digestibility and in percent composition of Si.Two millimeter leaf sections of Tifton-7 8 (Tift-7 8) and Coastal (CBG) were incubated for 72 hr in 2.5% (w/v) cellulase in 0.05 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0. For controls, sections were incubated in the sodium acetate buffer or were not treated.

An integrated screening method for evaluating the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particulates: Role of microscopic techniques in assessing pulmonary macrophage clearance functions

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 826-827
Author(s):  
David B. Warheit ◽  
Lena Achinko ◽  
Mark A. Hartsky
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Pulmonary Response ◽  
Inhaled Particles ◽  
Cytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Macrophages ◽  
Integrated Screening

There is a great need for the development of a rapid and reliable bioassay to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled particles. A number of methods have been proposed, including lung clearance studies, bronchoalveolar lavage analysis, and in vitro cytotoxicity tests. These methods are often limited in scope inasmuch as they measure only one dimension of the pulmonary response to inhaled, instilled or incubated dusts. Accordingly, a comprehensive approach to lung toxicity studies has been developed.To validate the method, rats were exposed for 6 hours or 3 days to various concentrations of either aerosolized alpha quartz silica (Si) or carbonyl iron (CI) particles. Cells and fluids from groups of sham and dust-exposed animals were recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Alkaline phosphatase, LDH and protein values were measured in BAL fluids at several time points postexposure. Cells were counted and evaluated for viability, as well as differential and cytochemical analysis. In addition, pulmonary macrophages (PM) were cultured and studied for morphology, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis by scanning electron microscopy.

The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Serafini ◽  
Giuseppa Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

Anti-obesity role of Aster glehni extract: in vivo and in vitro effects

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Lee ◽  
TG Ahn ◽  
CW Kim ◽  
HJ An
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Effects
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