Sexual behavior and sexual problems among patients with severe chronic psychoses

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Raja ◽  
Antonella Azzoni
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Sexual Performance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate sexual behavior in a population of psychiatric patients affected by schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder by means of an ad hoc questionnaire designed to explore the three phases of the sexual response: desire (or interest), arousal, and performance. The study assessed patients’ attitude toward sexuality, several aspects of their sexual behavior, including patients’ awareness of the risk of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), contraceptive strategy preferred by patients, and sexual effects of psychotropic medication. Patients reported a high frequency of sexual dysfunction, in particular, hyposexuality. Schizophrenia diagnosis and female gender were associated with lower levels of sexual performance. The impact of psychotropic drugs on patients’ sexuality was significant, with both positive and negative effects. Although 65.8% of patients reported to be concerned about the risk of contracting infections during sexual intercourse, most of them engaged in sexual behavior at high risk for acquisition and transmission of STD. Patients’ compliance with contraceptive measures was poor.

Performance of Mid-Size Internationalized Indian Firms: Evaluating the Role of Family Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 387-400
Author(s):  
Faisal M Ahsan ◽  
Ajay Singal
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Firms ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Family Control ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Heterogeneity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Degree Of Internationalization

The rapidly growing and gradual emergence of multinational firms from the Indian sub-continent now calls for thorough re-understandings of extant theories and existing ideologies of the ‘internationalization’ process. We would initially assess the three-stage model of internationalization in the context of mid-size Indian firms and intend to investigate the relationship between performance and degree of internationalization. Based on the longitudinal dataset (2005-12) of publicly listed firms, our findings suggested that mid-size firms remained stuck up in the first stage of internationalization and accordingly exhibit a downward-sloping relationship between internationalization’s degree and performance. Most of the mid-size firms continued to show a predominantly family-controlled stance, and the impact of family ownership shows negative effects on the degree of internationalization. By examining the performance heterogeneity in family-owned firms towards internationalization, this paper enriches the existing body of research and assume it to be a prolific addition in the literature on international expansion.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Use of Within-Class Ability Groups in the Primary Classroom: A Mixed Methods Study of Social Comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Louise Webb-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Social Comparison ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Ability Group ◽  
Ability Groups ◽  
Grouping Strategies ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

It is common practice within primary classrooms for teachers to spilt children into different ability groups so that children of similar level are taught together. Whilst this practice is used across the globe, research is mixed on the benefits of such grouping strategy. This paper presents data collected from mixed methods research which investigated teachers use of grouping strategies and social comparison, the act of comparing oneself with others. It focuses on when, why and with whom children from different ability groups compare themselves and the impact this has on their self-perceptions. Drawing upon data from children aged between 10 and 11 years from 12 primary schools, social comparison was found to play a significant role in daily classroom life for some children. The study identified different strands of the social comparison process including acknowledgment, topic, target, and direction, and it revealed positive and negative effects of social comparison. A difference by ability group was identified. Children within the low ability group were particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of social comparison and found to engage in more frequent and intentional social comparisons which were heavily relied upon for self-evaluation and performance evaluation. The paper discusses the educational implications of social comparison regarding pupil ability grouping strategies, motivation, engagement, and academic performance. Implications for teacher education and professional development is discussed.

scholarly journals The influence of somatic symptoms on the performance of elders in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Marceli Trentini ◽  
Flávio Merino de Freitas Xavier ◽  
Eduardo Chachamovich ◽  
Neusa Sica da Rocha ◽  
Vânia N Hirakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Age Factor ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) has been widely used to assess the prevalence of depressive symptomatology in clinical and non-clinical samples. On elders, however, the Beck Depression Inventory total score can be influenced by the increased scores on somatic and performance subscale due to the impact of ageing process itself and clinical diseases. PURPOSE: To verify if there are differences between answers of adults and elders for the BDI Somatic and Performance subscale. METHODS: Five hundred and fifty six subjects were interviewed. Two hundred and seventeen were adults (between 18 and 59 years old) and 339 were elders (> 60 years). Adults and elders with terminal diseases or dementia were excluded. The convenience sampling method was used. RESULTS: Elders answered significantly with higher scores in the Somatic and Performance subscale compared to adults (p < 0.001). Female gender and educational level were also associated to higher scores in the Somatic subscale. No differences between both age groups were found in the Cognitive-Affective subscale (p = 0.332). CONCLUSIONS: Positive answers in the BDI Somatic and Performance subscale must be carefully assessed among elder subjects. The age factor, either by aging or due to several diseases, can bring signs that are not necessarily symptoms of major depression. Further studies are suggested.

scholarly journals Leadership and performance in intermunicipal networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-196
Author(s):  
Denita Cepiku ◽  
Marco Mastrodascio
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specific Category ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Integrative Leadership ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to highlight the impact of integrative leadership behaviors on network performance in local government networks.Design/methodology/approachThe data were retrieved from a survey conducted on 362 local government network leaders in Italy. Their leadership behaviors were compared with the level of network performance anonymously self-reported.FindingsThe findings show that high frequency in the usage of a specific category of behavior does not always lead to high performance in local government networks. Moreover, leadership behaviors leading to highly performing networks are not always engaged most frequently by networks' leaders.Originality/valueThis research gives an empirical contribution to a neglected topic: network leadership. Moreover, the authors attempt to highlight how it is able to influence network performance.

scholarly journals Open-plan office noise is stressful: multimodal stress detection in a simulated work environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Elizabeth (Libby) J. Sander ◽  
Cecelia Marques ◽  
James Birt ◽  
Matthew Stead ◽  
Oliver Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Workplace Stressors ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Open Plan ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019)-induced changes in the workplace present a timely opportunity for human resource management practitioners to consider and remediate the deleterious effects of noise, a commonly cited complaint of employees working in open-plan office (OPO) environments. While self-reports suggest that OPO noise is perceived as a stressor, there is little experimental research comprehensively investigating the effects of noise on employees in terms of their cognitive performance, physiological indicators of stress, and affect. Employing a simulated office setting, we compared the effects of a typical OPO auditory environment to a quieter private office auditory environment on a range of objective and subjective measures of well-being and performance. While OPO noise did not reduce immediate cognitive task performance compared to the quieter environment, it did reduce psychological well-being as evidenced by self-reports of mood, facial expressions of emotion, and physiological indicators of stress in the form of heartrate and skin conductivity. Our research highlights the importance of using a multimodal approach to assess the impact of workplace stressors such as noise. Such an approach will allow HR practitioners to make data-driven recommendations about the design and modification of workspaces to minimize negative effects and support employee well-being.

scholarly journals How sex acts scale with the number of sex partners: evidence from Chlamydia trachomatis data and implications for control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L Althaus ◽  
Marc Choisy ◽  
Samuel Alizon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
The Impact

Mathematical models are frequently used to assess the impact of control interventions for Chlamydia trachomatis and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Modeling approaches that stratify the population by the number of sex partners often assume the transmission risk per partner to be constant. However, sexual behavior data suggests that people with many partners share less sex acts per partner than people with fewer partners. This should lower the risk of transmission per partner for highly sexually active individuals and could have important epidemiological consequences for STI transmission. We devise a new epidemiological model that we fit to chlamydia prevalence data from Natsal-2 and CSF, two population-based probability sample surveys of sexual behavior in Britain and France. Compared to a standard model where the transmission risk per partner is constant, a model with realistic numbers of sex acts per partner provides a better fit to the data. Furthermore, the improved model provides evidence for strong assortative mixing among individuals with different numbers of sex partners. Our results suggest that all chlamydia infected individuals with one or more new heterosexual partners per year contribute significantly to ongoing transmission, underlining that control interventions should be aimed towards all sexually active young adults.

scholarly journals Contact patterns and HPV-genotype interactions yield heterogeneous HPV-vaccine impacts depending on sexual behaviours: an individual-based model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Bonneault ◽  
Chiara Poletto ◽  
Maxime Flauder ◽  
Didier Guillemot ◽  
Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Individual Based Model ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Genotype Infection

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses are common sexually transmitted infections, caused by a large diversity of genotypes. In the context of vaccination against a subgroup of genotypes, better understanding the role of genotype interactions and human sexual behavior on genotype ecology is essential. Herein, we present an individual-based model that integrates realistic heterosexual partnership behaviors and simulates interactions between vaccine and non-vaccine genotypes. Genotype interactions were considered, assuming a previous vaccine-genotype infection shortened (competition) or extended (synergy) the duration of a secondary non-vaccine-genotype infection. Sexual behavior determined papillomavirus acquisition and transmission: only 19.5% of active individuals with 0–1 partner during the year, but >80% of those with ≥2 partners, were infected before vaccine introduction. Genotype interactions, despite being silent during the pre-vaccination era, markedly impacted genotype ecology after vaccination started, with a significant increase/decrease of non-vaccine prevalence for competitive/synergistic interactions. These changes were more pronounced in individuals with ≤3 partners (up to 30% of prevalence modification assuming 65% vaccine coverage) but barely visible for individuals with >3 partners (at most 0.30%). Results suggest that considering genotype interactions, in conjunction with heterogeneous sexual behaviors, is essential to anticipate the impact of existing and future anti-papillomavirus vaccines targeting a subgroup of genotypes.

scholarly journals The Negative Influence of Air Travel on Health and Performance in the National Basketball Association: A Narrative Review

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Huyghe ◽  
Aaron Scanlan ◽  
Vincent Dalbo ◽  
Julio Calleja-González
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
National Basketball Association ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Air travel requirements are a concern for National Basketball Association (NBA) coaches, players, and owners, as sport-based research has demonstrated short-haul flights (≤6 h) increase injury risk and impede performance. However, examination of the impact of air travel on player health and performance specifically in the NBA is scarce. Therefore, we conducted a narrative review of literature examining the influence of air travel on health and performance in team sport athletes with suggestions for future research directions in the NBA. Prominent empirical findings and practical recommendations are highlighted pertaining to sleep, nutrition, recovery, and scheduling strategies to alleviate the negative effects of air travel on health and performance in NBA players.

scholarly journals How sex acts scale with the number of sex partners: evidence from Chlamydia trachomatis data and implications for control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L Althaus ◽  
Marc Choisy ◽  
Samuel Alizon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
The Impact

Mathematical models are frequently used to assess the impact of control interventions for Chlamydia trachomatis and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Modeling approaches that stratify the population by the number of sex partners often assume the transmission risk per partner to be constant. However, sexual behavior data suggests that people with many partners share less sex acts per partner than people with fewer partners. This should lower the risk of transmission per partner for highly sexually active individuals and could have important epidemiological consequences for STI transmission. We devise a new epidemiological model that we fit to chlamydia prevalence data from Natsal-2 and CSF, two population-based probability sample surveys of sexual behavior in Britain and France. Compared to a standard model where the transmission risk per partner is constant, a model with realistic numbers of sex acts per partner provides a better fit to the data. Furthermore, the improved model provides evidence for strong assortative mixing among individuals with different numbers of sex partners. Our results suggest that all chlamydia infected individuals with one or more new heterosexual partners per year contribute significantly to ongoing transmission, underlining that control interventions should be aimed towards all sexually active young adults.

Empowerment, Motivation, and Performance: Examining the Impact of Feedback and Incentives on Nonmanagement Employees

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea R. Drake ◽  
Jeffrey Wong ◽  
Stephen B. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Manager Perceptions ◽  
Performance Examining ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Motivated employees play a key role in organization success, and past research indicates a positive association between perceptions of empowerment and motivation. A prominent model put forth by Spreitzer (1995) suggests that two major components of control systems will positively affect employee feelings of empowerment—performance feedback and performance-based reward systems. This experimental study contributes to the behavioral accounting literature by examining how specific types of performance feedback and performance-based rewards affect three psychological dimensions of empowerment. Also, we use a relatively simple context to investigate whether predictions validated on surveys of managers also hold for lower-level workers. Our results suggest that feedback and rewards affect the dimensions of empowerment differently for lower-level workers than they do for managers. Namely, performance feedback was positively associated with only one dimension and performance-based rewards had negative effects on two out of the three dimensions. In addition, overall motivation was not significantly associated with two of the three empowerment dimensions. Implications of this study are that techniques that work to increase manager perceptions of empowerment may not work at lower organizational levels and, even if successful, the related increase in employee motivation may not be significant.

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