New Developments in Classification of Sexual Dysfunctions

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
K. Segraves ◽  
R. Segraves
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Human Sexuality ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Considerable Research

The diagnostic system for the sexual dysfunctions in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual was originally developed by expert opinion, literature review and from feedback from experts in the field of human sexuality. In spite of considerable research in the area of human sexuality over the intervening years, there have been minimal changes to the diagnostic criteira for the sexual dysfunctions since their description in DSM III. These critieria sets lack precison. Progress within the field requires precise defintions to select homogenous groups for clinical research,. Current data suggests that many of the sexual dysfunction diagnoses can be updated with severity and duration criteria. This presentation will suggest revision to the diagnositc criteria based on recent clinical research.

The sexual dysfunctions and paraphilias

2020 ◽  
pp. 1181-1190
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Graham ◽  
John Bancroft
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Treatment Programme ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Practical Information

This chapter examines the various ways in which sexual aspects of an individual or a relationship can go wrong. It describes the clinical features, prevalence, and classification of these disorders. The major changes in the classification of sexual disorders introduced in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders are reviewed. Evidence related to the aetiology of sexual disorders and paraphilias is briefly reviewed. Outcome research on psychological and pharmacotherapy treatment approaches is examined. Practical information on how to carry out clinical assessment of individuals or couples presenting with sexual dysfunction, using a ‘three-windows’ approach, and on planning a sex treatment programme is provided.

scholarly journals Vaginismus: Frequency, Definitions, Diagnostic Criteria, Formation

Health of Man ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Garnik Kocharyan
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Sexual Pain ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

The article deals with the frequency of vaginismus, its definitions and criteria, which are presented in encyclopaedical sources, the International Classification of Diseases, 10th and 11th Revisions (ICD-10 and ICD-11), the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (USA) (DSM-V), as well as in publications made by some authors. It is reported that while ICD-10 presents psychogenic and biogenic variants of vaginismus separately, in ICD-11 the differentiation of sexual disorders into psychogenic and organic ones is cancelled. ICD-11 considers the brain and body as a unity, sexual dysfunctions being caused by an interaction of physical and psychological factors. In this way, a difference between the organic and inorganic is eliminated, organic and inorganic disorders being united. In ICD-11 vaginismus is reclassified into sexual pain-penetration disorder without dividing it into organic and inorganic forms and has its united code, HA20. The diagnosis “dyspareunia” in ICD-11 is preserved, but it is not divided into inorganic and organic variants. DSM-V uses the term “genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder”. In this case it means a combined diagnosis, which unites vaginismus and dyspareunia. The decision about expediency of using such a generalized diagnosis in this classification is taken on the ground of the fact that both above sexual dysfunctions are highly comorbid and hardly differentiated from each other. Also the article lists the muscles, involved in the process of contraction in vaginismus, and discusses the possibility of existence of the phenomenon of capture of penis (penis captivus) in people. Besides, sociogenic, psychogenic and somatic factors, which can participate in the formation of the characterized pathology, are listed in detail.

Comparison of Alcohol Use Disorders in DSM and ICD

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Jessica W. M. Wong ◽  
Friedrich M. Wurst ◽  
Ulrich W. Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Historical Developments

Abstract. Introduction: With advances in medicine, our understanding of diseases has deepened and diagnostic criteria have evolved. Currently, the most frequently used diagnostic systems are the ICD (International Classification of Diseases) and the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) to diagnose alcohol-related disorders. Results: In this narrative review, we follow the historical developments in ICD and DSM with their corresponding milestones reflecting the scientific research and medical considerations of their time. The current diagnostic concepts of DSM-5 and ICD-11 and their development are presented. Lastly, we compare these two diagnostic systems and evaluate their practicability in clinical use.

Angststörungen – von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.

The Classification of Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn H. Gordon ◽  
Jill M. Holm-Denoma ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
Stephen A. Wonderlich
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Dsm Iv

The purpose of the chapter is to elucidate the key issues regarding the classification of eating disorders. To this end, a review of nosological research in the area of eating disorders is presented, with a particular focus on empirically based techniques such as taxometric and latent class analysis. This is followed by a section outlining areas of overlap between the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) eating disorder categories and their symptoms. Next, eating disorder classification models that are alternatives to the DSM-IV-TR are described and critically examined in light of available empirical data. Finally, areas of controversy and considerations for change in next version of the DSM (i.e., the applicability of DSM criteria to minority groups, children, males; the question of whether clinical categories should be differentiated from research categories) are discussed.

Diagnoses, Dimensions, and DSM-5

2010 ◽  
pp. 254-279
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger ◽  
Maryanne Edmundson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) is often said to have provided a significant paradigm shift in how psychopathology is diagnosed. The authors of DSM-5 have the empirical support and the opportunity to lead the field of psychiatry to a comparably bold new future in diagnosis and classification. The purpose of this chapter is to address the validity of the categorical and dimensional models for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology. Considered in particular will be research concerning substance use disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders. Limitations and concerns with respect to a dimensional classification of psychopathology are also considered. The chapter concludes with a recommendation for a conversion to a more quantitative, dimensional classification of psychopathology.

Polarised views about bipolar disorder(s): A critique of the 2020 College guidelines for mood disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110200
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Formal Status

The 2020 College guidelines for mood disorders banish bipolar II disorder – despite its formal status in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases manuals for more than two decades – and argue that there is no need to partition bipolar disorder into separate sub-types. Their single-entity model is seemingly based on opinion rather than any support from referenced scientific studies. The author challenges the Committee’s model of there being only one bipolar disorder and argues that it presents several clinical management risks, particularly of ‘over-treatment’.

scholarly journals Exercise Addiction and Perfectionism: A Systematic Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizem Çakın ◽  
Ignatius Darma Juwono ◽  
Marc N. Potenza ◽  
Attila Szabo
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Exercise Addiction ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and aims Exercise addiction may be conceptualized as a behavioral addiction in which a person develops an unhealthy obsession with exercise and physical activity. While exercise addiction is not a formally recognized disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual or the International Classification of Diseases, it has been studied and connected to both personal and situational factors. Perfectionism is a feature that has been strongly linked to exercise addiction. The objective of this systematic literature review, performed by following the PRISMA protocol, was to examine relationships between exercise addiction and perfectionism while also considering the subdimensions of perfectionism in different groups. Methods Three databases (PsycINFO, PubMed/Medline, and SPORTDiscus) were examined. Sixty relevant articles were identified, of which 22 met inclusion criteria. Results The findings substantiate that perfectionism and its dimensions are weakly or moderately related to exercise addiction. This relationship has been observed in adults, adolescents, athletes, and patients with eating disorders. Of the 22 studies examined, only one did not identify an association between perfectionism or its subdomain(s) and exercise addiction. However, in most studies, the common variance between perfectionism and exercise addiction is relatively small, raising questions regarding the clinical relevance of the relationship. Conclusion Perfectionism is related to exercise addiction, but the strength of the relationship varies in different circumstances, which should be examined in future research.

Accuracy of register-based schizophrenia diagnoses in a genetic study

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Mäkikyrö ◽  
M Isohanni ◽  
J Moring ◽  
H Hakko ◽  
I Hovatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Hospital Records ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
Operational Criteria

SummaryIn order to assess the accuracy of schizophrenia diagnoses for genetic studies, we identified all schizophrenia patients (n = 492) in an isolated community with a diagnosis of schizophrenia in the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register (HDR) between 1969-1991. For the accuracy study we identified a sample of 73 patients from registers with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-III-R for schizophrenia (codes 295.10, 295.30, 295.60, 295.90) (n = 62) or “schizophrenia spectrum” diagnoses (295.40, 295.70, 297.10, 301.20, 301.22) (n = 11). When the operational criteria (DSM-III-R) were applied by two senior researchers using information from the original mental hospital records, 93% (68/73) of the cases fulfilled criteria for schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum. The results demonstrate that the schizophrenia diagnoses of the registers are accurate when a broad concept of schizophrenia is applied. When using operational DSM-III-R schizophrenia criteria, eight false positive cases were found among the 62 mental hospital schizophrenia diagnoses. Consequently, there may be a need to reassess schizophrenia diagnoses depending on the purpose of the study. We also found good agreement between DSM-III-R (kappa 0.93) and operational criteria (OPCRIT) diagnostic system (kappa 0.89) diagnoses, made by one researcher, compared with operational diagnoses. This indicates the possibility for the reliable use of one of these methods alone for diagnostic reassessment. The information in the HDR on primary diagnoses and on the dates of admission and discharge was accurately transferred from the hospital records.

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