Alexithymia and Suicide Risk among Patients with Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
D. De Berardis ◽  
N. Serroni ◽  
A.M. Pizzorno ◽  
F.S. Moschetta ◽  
G. Sepede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Chronic Course ◽  
Tas 20

Objective:The aim of our study was to evaluate relationships between alexithymia and suicidal ideation a sample of adult outpatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:A sample of 86 adult outpatients with OCD (44 females and 42 males), was evaluated with a series of rating scales such as the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). the score of item #11 on the Y-BOCS was considered as a measure of insight.Results:Alexithymics showed a more early onset, a longer duration of illness and were more suitable to have a chronic course than nonalexithymics; they also reported higher MADRS and SSI scores. Alexithymics without insight (n=21) reported higher SSI scores than alexithymics with insight, nonalexythimics without insight and nonalexithymics with insight. A linear regression showed that chronic OCD course together with DIF dimension of TAS-20 and higher MADRS scores were significantly associated with higher suicide risk.Conclusions:Alexithymia and depressive symptoms were highly correlated in OCD patients and were significantly associated with higher suicide risk. DIF dimension of TAS-20 seems to be significantly associated with presence of suicidal ideation as well as chronic course of disorder. However, further longitudinal studies on larger samples are needed to definitely clarify this topic.

scholarly journals Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Real World Experience Post-FDA-Humanitarian Use Device Approval

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lora Kahn ◽  
Brianne Sutton ◽  
Helena R. Winston ◽  
Aviva Abosch ◽  
John A. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Deep Brain

Background: While case series have established the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), it has been our experience that few OCD patients present without comorbidities that affect outcomes associated with DBS treatment. Here we present our experience with DBS therapy for OCD in patients who all have comorbid disease, together with the results of our programming strategies.Methods: For this case series, we assessed five patients who underwent ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VC/VS) DBS for OCD between 2015 and 2019 at the University of Colorado Hospital. Every patient in this cohort exhibited comorbidities, including substance use disorders, eating disorder, tic disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. We conducted an IRB-approved, retrospective study of programming modifications and treatment response over the course of DBS therapy.Results: In addition to patients' subjective reports of improvement, we observed significant improvement in the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (44%), the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (53%), the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (27%), and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating scales (34.9%) following DBS. With respect to co-morbid disease, there was a significant improvement in a patient with tic disorder's Total Tic Severity Score (TTSS) (p = 0.005).Conclusions: DBS remains an efficacious tool for the treatment of OCD, even in patients with significant comorbidities in whom DBS has not previously been investigated. Efficacious treatment results not only from the accurate placement of the electrodes by the surgeon but also from programming by the psychiatrist.

scholarly journals Suicidal Ideations in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Mohammadrasoul Khalkhali ◽  
◽  
Roghaye Zare ◽  
Hassan Farrahi ◽  
Peyvand Shambayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
History Of

Background: There are many controversies about the frequency and burden of suicidality in patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Objectives: This study was done to determine the prevalence and risk factors of current suicidal ideations in patients with OCD. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 258 outpatients with OCD (Yale-Brawn Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Y-BOCS ≥16) referring to two psychiatry clinics in Guilan, Iran, from March 2018 to September 2019 were evaluated. Suicidality score of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) ≥4 was considered for current suicidal ideation at the first visit. Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) was used to evaluate the intensity of suicidal ideations a week before evaluation. Simple linear and binary logistic regression analyses were used to analyze data by SPSS v. 20. Results: Current suicidal ideation was found in 22.1% of patients. The previous history of suicide attempt (BPRS, P<0.0001 and BSSI, P<0.0001), a history of OCD in first-degree relatives (BPRS: P=0.004 and BSSI: P=0.010), a history of suicide attempts in first-degree relatives (BPRS: P=0.013 and BSSI: P<0.0001), comorbid diagnosis of depressive or body dysmorphic disorder (BPRS, P<0.0001 and BSSI, P<0.0001), and higher Y-BOCS score (BPRS: P=0.043 and BSSI: P<0.0001) were associated with a higher risk of having suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Suicidal thoughts are high in Iranian patients with OCD at their first visit to psychiatry clinics. The previous suicide history, positive history of OCD and suicide attempts in their first-degree relatives, the severity of OCD, and some comorbid psychological disorders are associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation among OCD patients.

Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms is Related to Self-Directedness Character Trait in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Cruz-Fuentes ◽  
Claudia Blas ◽  
Laura Gonzalez ◽  
Beatriz Camarena ◽  
Humberto Nicolini
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Character Trait ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Features ◽  
Character Inventory

ABSTRACT:Objective:The present study examined the psychobiological Temperament and Character model of personality on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, as well as the relation of temperament and/or character dimensions on the severity of obsessive-compubive symptoms.Methods:Fifty-four subjects diagnosed with OCD, were assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive scale and the Hamilton Rating Scales for depression and anxiety.Results:Compared with controls, OCD subjects displayed increased harm avoidance and lower self-directedness and cooperativeness. Low self-directedness and high Hamilton depression scores were associated with increased severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms.Conclusions:The Temperament and Character profile of OCD patients characterized in the present stud personality model and can be linked to some of their behavioral features. Furthermore, our data provides support of the influence that some personality traits may have on the severity of OCD symptoms.

scholarly journals Directionality of change in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and suicidal ideation over six years in a naturalistic clinical sample✰

2019 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 841-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily A. Brown ◽  
Emily Wakschal ◽  
Stefanie Russman-Block ◽  
Christina L. Boisseau ◽  
Maria C. Mancebo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Benefit of Clomipramine-quetiapine Combination in Obsessive-compulsive Disorder with Non Response to Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors. Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
G. Marian ◽  
B. Ionescu ◽  
D. Ghinea ◽  
N. Alina
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Affective Symptoms

Background:Patients who suffer of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) experience obsessive thoughts and/or urges to engage in compulsive behaviours. the condition causes severe discomfort and, in many cases, leads to serious impairment in social and work-related functioning.Although antipsychotic monotherapy has been associated with ineffectiveness and even increase of psychotic symptoms (especially in psychotic patients), antipsychotics as adjuvant to antidepressant medication have proven to be effective in several case series and pilot clinical trials.The objective of this case was to evaluate the effectiveness of clomipramine-quetiapine combination in OCD refractory to serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors treatment patient.Method:23 years unemployed male was diagnosed with OCD after 1 year from onset and received 3 trials with serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors at therapeutical doses, without any improvement and even more with worsening of affective associated symptoms. We managed this case by using a tricyclic antidepressant (clomipramine up to 100 mg/day) with an atypical antipsychotic (quetiapine up to 200 mg/day). We employed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Obsessive-Compulsive Checklist (OCC) and Hamilton Depression rating Scale (HDRS) at baseline, weekly for the first 2 months and monthly after (follow up 2 years).Results:Patient achieved a very fast and sustained improvement both in obsessive-compulsive and affective symptoms, which provided a very good social and work rehabilitation.Conclusion:Clomipramine-quetiapine combination may be a benefit for OCD refractory to serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors and a safe strategy.

Prevalence and Associated Factors for Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albina Rodrigues Torres ◽  
Ana Teresa de Abreu Ramos-Cerqueira ◽  
Ricardo Cezar Torresan ◽  
Mariana de Souza Domingues ◽  
Ana Carolina R. Hercos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Worth Living ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Plans

ABSTRACTIntroductionPatients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have historically been considered at low risk for suicide, but recent studies are controversial.ObjectiveTo study the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and attempts in OCD patients and to compare those with and without suicidality according to demographic and clinical variables.MethodsFifty outpatients with primary OCD (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) from a Brazilian public university were evaluated. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) was used to assess OCD severity, the Beck Depression Inventory to evaluate depressive symptoms and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test to assess alcohol problems.ResultsAll patients had obsessions and compulsions, 64% a chronic fluctuating course and 62% a minimum Y-BOCS score of 16. Half of the patients presented relevant depressive symptoms, but only three had a history of alcohol problems. Seventy percent reported having already thought that life was not worth living, 56% had wished to be dead, 46% had suicidal ideation, 20% had made suicidal plans, and 10% had already attempted suicide. Current suicidal ideation occurred in 14% of the sample and was significantly associated with a Y-BOCS score ≥16. Previous suicidal thoughts were associated with a Beck Depression Inventory score ≥19.ConclusionSuicidality has been underestimated in OCD and should be investigated in every patient, so that appropriate preventive measures can be taken.

The Features of Comorbidity of Childhood ADHD in Patients With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahri Çelebi ◽  
Ahmet Koyuncu ◽  
Erhan Ertekin ◽  
Behiye Alyanak ◽  
Raşit Tükel
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Episodic Course ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Our aim is to investigate the impact of childhood ADHD comorbidity on the clinical features of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Method: Ninety-five adult outpatients with a diagnosis of OCD were assessed by using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children–Present and Lifetime Version, ADHD module, and the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Patients with or without childhood ADHD were compared in terms of the sociodemographic and clinical features, psychiatric comorbidities, and rating scales. Results: The rate of episodic course of OCD ( p < .001), religious and sexual obsessions ( p = .009, p = .020, respectively), lifetime comorbidity of bipolar disorder (BD), social anxiety disorder (SAD; p = .001, p = .009, respectively), and tic disorder (TD) comorbidity ( p < .001) were higher in the OCD + ADHD group than in the OCD without ADHD group. Conclusion: Childhood ADHD may be associated with higher rates of BD, SAD, and TD comorbidity and episodic course of OCD as well as higher frequency of certain types of obsessions.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of group-based cognitive–behavioural therapy in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colette Kearns ◽  
Yvonne Tone ◽  
Gavin Rush ◽  
James V. Lucey
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Mean

Aims and methodTo establish whether cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) with response and exposure prevention (ERP) is effective in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Twenty-four patients with OCD, divided into four groups, participated in ten sessions of group CBT. All patients completed the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Maudsley Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) pre- and post-treatment.ResultsThe mean (s.d.) YBOC score post-treatment was 17.1 (5.8). This was significantly lower than the mean (s.d.) YBOC pre-treatment (24.7 (6.1); t = 8.4, d.f. = 23, P < 0.005). A significant reduction was also observed in relation to all other rating scales.Clinical implicationsCognitive–behavioural therapy for OCD delivered in a group setting is a clinically effective and acceptable treatment for patients. The use of group-based CBT is an effective means to improve access to psychotherapy.

Duration of untreated illness and outcome of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A naturalistic follow-up study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S323-S323
Author(s):  
V. Prisco ◽  
F. Perris ◽  
T. Iannaccone ◽  
M. Fabrazzo ◽  
F. Catapano
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Illness ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

Duration of untreated illness (DUI) is a predictor of outcome in psychotic and affective disorders. Data available on DUI and its relationship with outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggest an association between longer DUI and poorer treatment response. The present study investigated socio-demographic and clinical predictors of DUI and its association with long-term outcome in OCD patients. Eighty-three OCD outpatients were treated with serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and prospectively followed-up for 3 years. Baseline information was collected on demographic and clinical characteristics using standard assessments. Each patient was assessed through the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders (SCID-I), the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis II personality disorders (SCID-II), the Yale-Brown obsessive–compulsive scale (Y-BOCS) and the 17-item Hamilton rating scale for depression (HDRS). The DUI was explored by interviewing patients, family caregivers and clinicians. OCD subjects had a mean DUI of 7.3 (5.8) years. A younger age at onset and a greater severity of OCD symptoms at baseline were associated with a longer DUI. The DUI of patients with a “good outcome” was shorter than that of patients with a “poor outcome”. Logistic regression analysis revealed indeed a possible association between longer DUI and “poor outcome”. In the logistic multivariable model, the association of DUI with treatment outcome held true whilst controlling for socio-demographic and clinical variables.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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