Detection of total sugar concentration using photoinduced electron transfer materials: development of operationally stable, reusable optical sensors

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 302-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Appleton ◽  
T.D Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Total Sugar Concentration

Nectar collected with microcapillary tubes is less concentrated than total nectar in flowers with small nectar volumes

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Petit ◽  
Nadia Rubbo ◽  
Russell Schumann
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Nectar Volume ◽  
Nectar Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar Concentration ◽  
Pollination Systems ◽  
Feeding Behaviours

Previous research indicated that microcapillary tubes greatly underestimated sugar present in flowers with low nectar volumes, but it was unclear whether tubes missed liquid nectar or whether sugar concentration in nectar they collected did not represent total sugar concentration in a flower. We determined the suitability of microcapillary tubes to estimate the energetic value of Acrotriche patula R.Br. (Ericaceae) nectar from total sugar mass. We collected a standing crop of nectar from individual flowers with microcapillary tubes and subsequently washed the flowers to recover putatively any residual sucrose, glucose, and fructose. We assessed microcapillary nectar volume as a predictor for total sugar mass in a flower by regression analysis, identified the percentage of sugar missed by microcapillary tubes, and compared sugar ratios between microcapillary samples and total nectar. Nectar volume collected with microcapillary tubes cannot be used to predict total nectar sugar contents in a flower. Microcapillary tubes missed 71% of the floral sugar on average, but not a large volume, indicating that sugar is not evenly distributed in a flower’s nectar. Proportions of different sugars did not differ significantly between microcapillary samples and total samples. Animals with different tongue morphologies and feeding behaviours may obtain different energetic rewards from the same flower with low nectar volume. Variation in a flower’s nectar at one point in time is likely to favour the generalisation of pollination systems.

scholarly journals COMPOSITIONAL CHANGES IN SWEETPOTATO ROOTS DURING DEVELOPMENT

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 591a-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don R. LaBonte ◽  
David H. Picha
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Total Sugar Concentration ◽  
Compositional Changes

Six sweetpotato cultivars were evaluated for changes in individual sugar concentration, dry weight, and alcohol insoluble solids (AIS) during growth and development. Measurements were taken at weekly intervals from 7 to 21 weeks after transplanting. Sucrose, the major sugar during all stages of development, generally increased in concentration throughout development for `Heart-o-gold', `Travis', and `Jewel', but peaked at 17 weeks for `Beauregard' and `Whitestar'. The high-dry matter white flesh cultivars of `Rojo Blanco' and `Whitestar' contained the lowest sucrose concentration. The monosaccharides glucose and fructose generally decreased in concentration up to 17 weeks in 4 of 6 cultivars, followed by an increase from 17 to 21 weeks in all cultivars. Glucose concentration was marginally greater than fructose at all stages of development in each cultivar. Little or no increase in total sugar concentration occurred during development in `Whitestar' and `Rojo Blanco'. A substantial increase in total sugars occurred during development with `Jewel', `Beauregard', `Heart-o-gold' and `Travis'. Cultivars differed widely in their individual sugar concentrations during development. Percent dry matter increased in all cultivars from 7 to 14 weeks. Dry matter and AIS decreased during the later stages of development.

scholarly journals One-Step Synthesized ZnO np-Based Optical Sensors for Detection of Aldicarb via a Photoinduced Electron Transfer Route

ACS Omega ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2552-2560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi B. V. S. Garimella ◽  
Tarun K. Dhiman ◽  
Rahul Kumar ◽  
Avinash K. Singh ◽  
Pratima R. Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals Optimization of Two-Step Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for High Sugar Concentration in Hydrolysate

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Zhang ◽  
Yee Ling Ong ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Jin Chuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Total Sugar Concentration ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Xylose Concentration

Getting high sugar concentrations in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate with reasonable yields of sugars is commercially attractive but very challenging. Two-step acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) was conducted to get high sugar concentrations in the hydrolysate. The biphasic kinetic model was used to guide the optimization of the first step dilute acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of EFB. A total sugar concentration of 83.0 g/L with a xylose concentration of 69.5 g/L and a xylose yield of 84.0% was experimentally achieved, which is in well agreement with the model predictions under optimal conditions (3% H2SO4and 1.2% H3PO4, w/v, liquid to solid ratio 3 mL/g, 130°C, and 36 min). To further increase total sugar and xylose concentrations in hydrolysate, a second step hydrolysis was performed by adding fresh EFB to the hydrolysate at 130°C for 30 min, giving a total sugar concentration of 114.4 g/L with a xylose concentration of 93.5 g/L and a xylose yield of 56.5%. To the best of our knowledge, the total sugar and xylose concentrations are the highest among those ever reported for acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of lignocellulose.

Separation of Xylose From Glucose Using Thin Film Composite (TFC) Nanofiltration Membrane: Effect of Pressure, Total Sugar Concentration and Xylose/Glucose Ratio

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Mah ◽  
H. W. Yussof ◽  
N. A. Jalanni ◽  
M. N. Abu Seman ◽  
N. Zainol
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Mycelial Fungi ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Glucose Ratio ◽  
Total Sugar Concentration

Xylose is an abundant raw material coexists with other sugars that can be turned into useful products, such as ethanol, xylitol and 2, 3-butanediol by microorganism such as yeasts, bacteria, and mycelial fungi. However, more than 80 % of the production cost of these products comes solely from the production of xylose. Presently, the separation of xylose from hemicellulose hydrolysate relies on chromatographic separation alone. The use of nanofiltration membrane may offer alternative in recovering xylose due to the differences in size compared to other sugars. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of membrane developed by interfacial polymerization reaction between triethanolamine (TEOA) (6 % w/v) and tri-mesoyl chloride (TMC) (0.15 % w/v) as monomers on polyethersulfone (PES) microporous substrate to separate xylose from glucose. In this study, factors affecting the process, namely pressure, concentration of total sugars in solution, and composition of monosaccharides in total sugar, were investigated using two-level factorial analysis. The experiment was performed using Amicon Milipore stirred cell (Model 8200) with constant stirring speed at 300 rpm and temperature at ambient. The glucose and xylose concentration was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It is found that the developed nanofiltration membrane has the ability to separate xylose from glucose.The analysis of the experimental response revealed that the total sugar concentration and composition ratio of xylose: glucose had significant interactive effect on xylose separation factor. Overall from the present study, it can be concluded that nanofiltration has high potential to replace currently in use chromatographic method in xylose separation.

scholarly journals Relationship between Sugar Content in Raw, Baked, and Microwaved Sweetpotato Roots during Storage

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 825D-825
Author(s):  
Durel J. Romaine ◽  
Don R. LaBonte
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Sugar Concentration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
White Star

Seven compositionally diverse sweetpotato lines were examined for changes in individual sugar concentrations at harvest (green), after curing (7 days at 90% RH and 29.5C), and after 4 and 8 weeks of cold storage (16C) to determine the relationship between raw and cooked root sugar composition. Raw root sucrose concentrations at harvest in two dessert types, `L91-80' and `Heart-O-Gold', were at least 22% higher than other dessert types, such as `Beauregard' and `Jewel', and 26% higher than white starchy types (`Rojo Blanca' and `White Star'). The sucrose concentration remained correspondingly higher for these two lines when baked or microwaved. Total sugar concentration was not significantly correlated between raw vs. baked or microwaved roots. The major sugar in most baked and microwaved roots was maltose, accounting for 18% to 93% of the total sugars. `L91-80' behaved differently from other lines during microwaving, where sucrose was the major sugar. The total sugar concentration of `L91-80' and `Heart-O-Gold' were not statistically greater after baking and microwaving for all dates, including the white, starchy types. These results suggest the need to further evaluate the relative importance of individual sugar concentrations on consumer preference.

Computationally Assisted Design of High Signal-to-Noise Photoinduced Electron Transfer-Based Voltage-Sensitive Dyes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishikesh Kulkarni ◽  
Anneliese Gest ◽  
Chun Kei Lam ◽  
Benjamin Raliski ◽  
Feroz James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Green Fluorescent

<p>High signal-to-noise optical voltage indicators will enable simultaneous interrogation of membrane potential in large ensembles of neurons. However, design principles for voltage sensors with high sensitivity and brightness remain elusive, limiting the applicability of voltage imaging. In this paper, we use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to guide the design of a bright and sensitive green-fluorescent voltage-sensitive fluorophore, or VoltageFluor (VF dye), that uses photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) as a voltage-sensing mechanism. MD simulations predict an 11% increase in sensitivity due to membrane orientation, while DFT calculations predict an increase in fluorescence quantum yield, but a decrease in sensitivity due to a decrease in rate of PeT. We confirm these predictions by synthesizing a new VF dye and demonstrating that it displays the expected improvements by doubling the brightness and retaining similar sensitivity to prior VF dyes. Combining theoretical predictions and experimental validation has resulted in the synthesis of the highest signal-to-noise green VF dye to date. We use this new voltage indicator to monitor the electrophysiological maturation of human embryonic stem cell-derived medium spiny neurons. </p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document