Fabrication and compressive performance of plain carbon steel honeycomb sandwich panels

Considerable effort has been directed toward an improved understanding of the production of the strong and stiff ∼ 1-20 μm diameter pyrolytic carbon fibers of the type reported by Koyama and, more recently, by Tibbetts. These macroscopic fibers are produced when pyrolytic carbon filaments (∼ 0.1 μm or less in diameter) are thickened by deposition of carbon during thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases. Each such precursor filament normally lengthens in association with an attached catalyst particle. The subject of filamentous carbon formation and much of the work on characterization of the catalyst particles have been reviewed thoroughly by Baker and Harris. However, identification of the catalyst particles remains a problem of continuing interest. The purpose of this work was to characterize the microstructure of the pyrolytic carbon filaments and the catalyst particles formed inside stainless steel and plain carbon steel tubes. For the present study, natural gas (∼; 97 % methane) was passed through type 304 stainless steel and SAE 1020 plain carbon steel tubes at 1240°K.

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SAE 1025

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.cs0114 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 36 (9) ◽

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Plain Carbon Steel ◽

General Purpose ◽

Pressure Vessels ◽

Permanent Mold ◽

Steel Mills ◽

Cold Worked ◽

Permanent Mold Castings

Abstract SAE 1025 is a plain carbon steel for general-purpose construction and engineering. It is used in the hot-worked, cold-worked, normalized or water-quenched-and-tempered condition. It also is carburized and used for case-hardened parts. Its many uses include bolts, forgings, axles, machinery components, cold-extruded parts, pressure vessels, case-hardened parts, chain and sprocket assemblies, spinning tools and permanent-mold castings. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CS-114. Producer or source: Carbon steel mills.

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Effects of Prior Austenite and Ferrite Grain Size on Fracture Properties of a Plain Carbon Steel.

10.21236/ada146276 ◽

1984 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. Couque ◽

J. Duffy ◽

R. J. Asaro

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Prior Austenite ◽

Plain Carbon Steel ◽

Fracture Properties ◽

Ferrite Grain Size

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Blast resistance of metallic double arrowhead honeycomb sandwich panels with different core configurations under the paper tube-guided air blast loading

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2021.106457 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106457

Author(s):

Ganchao Chen ◽

Yuansheng Cheng ◽

Pan Zhang ◽

Sipei Cai ◽

Jun Liu

Keyword(s):

Blast Resistance ◽

Sandwich Panels ◽

Blast Loading ◽

Air Blast ◽

Honeycomb Sandwich ◽

Air Blast Loading

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The influence of magnetic field on the mechanical properties & microstructure of plain carbon steel

Materials Science and Engineering A ◽

10.1016/j.msea.2016.11.083 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 682 ◽

pp. 636-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andro A.E. Sidhom ◽

Saad A.A. Sayed ◽

Soheir A.R. Naga

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Field ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Plain Carbon Steel

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Ply drop-off effects in CFRP/honeycomb sandwich panels—experimental results

Composites Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/0266-3538(96)00007-3 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 423-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

O.T. Thomson ◽

W. Rits ◽

D.C.G. Eaton ◽

O. Dupont ◽

P. Queekers

Keyword(s):

Sandwich Panels ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Honeycomb Sandwich

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Design optimization of hopper cars employing functionally graded honeycomb sandwich panels

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part F Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit ◽

10.1177/09544097211049640 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095440972110496

Author(s):

Ayman Al-Sukhon ◽

Mostafa SA ElSayed

Keyword(s):

Design Optimization ◽

Sandwich Panels ◽

Design Procedure ◽

Functionally Graded ◽

Sandwich Composite ◽

Wall Structure ◽

Concentrate Mass ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Baseline Design ◽

Honeycomb Sandwich

In this paper, a novel multiscale and multi-stage structural design optimization procedure is developed for the weight minimization of hopper cars. The procedure is tested under various loading conditions according to guidelines established by regulatory bodies, as well as a novel load case that considers fluid-structure interaction by means of explicit finite elements employing Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics. The first stage in the design procedure involves topology optimization whereby optimal beam locations are determined within the design space of the hopper car wall structure. This is followed by cross-sectional sizing of the frame to concentrate mass in critical regions of the hopper car. In the second stage, hexagonal honeycomb sandwich panels are considered in lower load regions, and are optimized by means of Multiscale Design Optimization (MSDO). The MSDO drew upon the Kreisselmeier–Steinhausser equations to calculate a penalized cost function for the mass and compliance of a hopper car Finite Element Model (FEM) at the mesoscale. For each iteration in the MSDO, the FEM was updated with homogenized sandwich composite properties according to four design variables of interest at the microscale. A cost penalty is summed with the base cost by comparing results of the FEM with the imposed constraints. Efficacy of the novel design methodology is compared according to a baseline design employing conventional materials. By invoking the proposed methodology in a case study, it is demonstrated that a mass savings as high as 16.36% can be yielded for a single hopper car, which translates into a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of 13.09% per car based on available literature.

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The Bending Responses of Sandwich Panels with Aluminium Honeycomb Core and CFRP Skins Used in Electric Vehicle Body

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/5750607 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yong Xiao ◽

Yefa Hu ◽

Jinguang Zhang ◽

Chunsheng Song ◽

Xiangyang Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicle ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Sandwich Panels ◽

Vehicle Body ◽

Stacking Sequence ◽

Honeycomb Core ◽

Fibre Direction ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Honeycomb Sandwich ◽

Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic

The aim of this paper was to investigate bending responses of sandwich panels with aluminium honeycomb core and carbon fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) skins used in electric vehicle body subjected to quasistatic bending. The typical load-displacement curves, failure modes, and energy absorption are studied. The effects of fibre direction, stacking sequence, layer thickness, and loading velocity on the crashworthiness characteristics are discussed. The finite element analysis (FEA) results are compared with experimental measurements. It is observed that there are good agreements between the FEA and experimental results. Numerical simulations and experiment predict that the honeycomb sandwich panels with ±30° and ±45° fibre direction, asymmetrical stacking sequence (45°/−45°/45°/−45°), thicker panels (0.2 mm∼0.4 mm), and smaller loading velocity (5 mm/min∼30 mm/min) have better crashworthiness performance. The FEA prediction is also helpful in understanding the initiation and propagation of cracks within the honeycomb sandwich panels.

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