ERS Thematic Workshop. Oil Pollution Monitoring in the Mediterranean. 25–26 March, 1996, ESRIN, Frascati, Italy

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianna Calabresi
Keyword(s):  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
The Mediterranean

Towards an operational use of space imagery for oil pollution monitoring in the Mediterranean basin: A demonstration in the Adriatic Sea

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Ferraro ◽  
Annalia Bernardini ◽  
Matej David ◽  
Serge Meyer-Roux ◽  
Oliver Muellenhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
Space Imagery ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

MEDITERRANEAN OIL POLLUTION MONITORING AND CONTROL: TECHNICAL AND POLICY ISSUES1

1979 ◽  
Vol 1979 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baruch Boxer
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Response Planning ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Barcelona Convention

ABSTRACT An ambitious intergovernmental program of oil spill contingency and response planning is underway in the Mediterranean Sea region under the auspices of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) and the Inter-governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO). This paper assesses technical and institutional problems of bringing national needs and capabilities into line with international obligations of Mediterranean coastal states in keeping with the recently ratified 1976 Barcelona Convention. Problems include: definition of the coordinating role of the Malta-based UNEP-supported and IMCO-administered Regional Oil Combating Center for the Mediterranean Sea (ROCC); difficulties in applying the results of oil and petroleum hydrocarbon monitoring in regional spill prevention and contingency planning; jurisdictional questions relating to coastal state regulation and enforcement rights; and lack of consensus on technical aspects of planning and response due to diverse national standards and pollution control objectives. Through the establishment of the ROCC, UNEP and IMCO have introduced a new element in international attempts to plan for and respond to major spills. The extent to which the ROCC is able to achieve its treaty-defined goals in the Mediterranean is a measure of the potential for international agency contributions to contingency and response planning. This is important in light of UNEP attempts in other “regional seas” areas to establish similar institutional mechanisms for intergovernmental coordination.

The Mediterranean Action Plan: A Regional Approach to Pollution Control

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Lj Jeftié ◽  
L. J. Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Control

Increasing concern over the deterioration of the Mediterranean sea as a result of increasing pollution by untreated sewage and industrial wastes, agricultural pesticides and fertilizers and oil discharges, led to a series of meetings between 1970 and 1974, and finally to the UNEP-sponsored Mediterranean Action Plan, adopted by governments of the region in 1975 and ongoing since that time. The legal component of the Plan includes a framework Convention and four protocols; the environmental assessment component (the MED POL programme) consists of national pollution monitoring programmes, and research projects conducted by Mediterranean institutions; the environmental management component consists of the Blue Plan (a prospective study combining socio-economic development with environmental preservation) and the Priority Actions Programme (a series of sub-region sectoral projects in defined areas). The Plan has been financed by Mediterranean States since 1979, and is managed by UNEP with the cooperation of other competent UN Agencies. During the last ten years, activities undertaken have improved knowledge of the state of pollution of the Mediterranean sea, and facilitated joint regional action in the form of preventive and control measures.

scholarly journals Development of the Artificial Intelligence and Optical Sensing Methods for Oil Pollution Monitoring of the Sea by Drones

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3642
Author(s):  
Oleg Bukin ◽  
Dmitry Proschenko ◽  
Denis Korovetskiy ◽  
Alexey Chekhlenok ◽  
Viktoria Yurchik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Optical Sensing ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Marine Fuel

The oil pollution of seas is increasing, especially in local areas, such as ports, roadsteads of the vessels, and bunkering zones. Today, methods of monitoring seawater are costly and applicable only in the case of big ecology disasters. The development of an operative and reasonable project for monitoring the sea surface for oil slick detection is described in this article using drones equipped with optical sensing and artificial intelligence. The monitoring system is implemented in the form of separate hard and soft frameworks (HSFWs) that combine monitoring methods, hardware, and software. Three frameworks are combined to fulfill the entire monitoring mission. HSFW1 performs the function of autonomous monitoring of thin oil slicks on the sea surface, using computer vision with AI elements for detection, segmentation, and classification of thin slicks. HSFW2 is based on the use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) to identify types of oil products that form a slick or that are in a dissolved state, as well as measure their concentration in solution. HSFW3 is designed for autonomous navigation and drone movement control. This article describes AI elements and hardware complexes of the three separate frameworks designed to solve the problems with monitoring slicks of oil products on the sea surface and oil products dissolved in seawater. The results of testing the HSFWs for the detection of pollution caused by marine fuel slicks are described.

scholarly journals Bioindication of the Influence of Oil Production on Sphagnum Bogs in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, Russia

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Olga Skorobogatova ◽  
Elvira Yumagulova ◽  
Tatiana Storchak ◽  
Sophia Barinova
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
First Time ◽  
Contaminated Area

Algal diversity in the bogs of the Ershov oil field of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug–Yugra (KMAO-Yugra) with the gradient of oil pollution between 255 and 16,893 mg kg−1 has been studied with the help of bioindication methods and ecological mapping. Altogether 91 species, varieties, and forms of algae and cyanobacteria from seven divisions have been revealed for the first time from seven studied sites on the bogs. Charophyta algae prevail followed by diatoms, cyanobacteria, and euglenoids. The species richness and abundance of algae were maximal at the control site, with charophytic algae prevailing. The species richness of diatoms decreased in the contaminated area, but cyanobacteria were tolerated in a pH which varied between 4.0 and 5.4. Euglenoid algae survived under the influence of oil and organic pollution. Bioindication revealed a salinity influence in the oil-contaminated sites. A comparative floristic analysis shows a similarity in communities at sites surrounding the contaminated area, the ecosystems of which have a long-term rehabilitation period. The percent of unique species was maximal in the control site. Bioindication results were implemented for the first time in assessing the oil-polluted bogs and can be recommended as a method to obtain scientific results visualization for decision-makers and for future pollution monitoring.

Development of regional coastal water quality standards in the Mediterranean

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Coastal Water ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Coastal Water Quality ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Trained Manpower ◽  
The Impact

Under the terms of the 1976 Convention for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea against pollution, and the 1980 Protocol for the protection of the Mediterranean Sea against pollution from land-based sources, the coastal states of the region have to develop criteria and standards for various aspects of coastal water quality. These are being progressively developed within the framework of the Mediterranean Action Plan, specifically within the Long-term Programme of Pollution Monitoring and Research in the Mediterranean Sea (MED POL Phase II). The impact of specific Mediterranean ecological conditions on health and related risks arising from specific uses of the sea, in relation to those risks arising from the same types of water use in regions with different conditions, and the effects of such differences on quality requirements, are discussed. The current situation in the Mediterranean region regarding national and international legislation for ensuring coastal water quality is described, together with the normal procedures for regional assessments of the situation with regard to specific pollutants and the formulation of proposed measures. The legal and technical problems involved in (a) the actual preparation of criteria and standards combining ecological and health requirements with political acceptability and (b) their adoption by Mediterranean states are described. These problems essentially arise out of the heterogeneous character of the states bordering the Mediterranean Sea, especially regarding the state of existing infrastructures for pollution prevention and control, including the availability of trained manpower and technical facilities, the degreee of priority accorded to marine pollution within the overall framework of national requirements, the type of legal and administrative machinery for the enactment and enforcement of statutory provisions, and the implications of new or amended legislation vis-a-vis already-existing international obligations.

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