scholarly journals “Translocatory proteins” and “protein transduction domains”: a critical analysis of their biological effects and the underlying mechanisms

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens A Leifert ◽  
J Lindsay Whitton
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Protein Transduction ◽  
Protein Transduction Domains ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

scholarly journals Crocetin Mitigates Irradiation Injury in an In Vitro Model of the Pubertal Testis: Focus on Biological Effects and Molecular Mechanisms

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1676
Author(s):  
Giulia Rossi ◽  
Martina Placidi ◽  
Chiara Castellini ◽  
Francesco Rea ◽  
Settimio D'Andrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Adolescent Cancer ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Infertility is a potential side effect of radiotherapy and significantly affects the quality of life for adolescent cancer survivors. Very few studies have addressed in pubertal models the mechanistic events that could be targeted to provide protection from gonadotoxicity and data on potential radioprotective treatments in this peculiar period of life are elusive. In this study, we utilized an in vitro model of the mouse pubertal testis to investigate the efficacy of crocetin to counteract ionizing radiation (IR)-induced injury and potential underlying mechanisms. Present experiments provide evidence that exposure of testis fragments from pubertal mice to 2 Gy X-rays induced extensive structural and cellular damage associated with overexpression of PARP1, PCNA, SOD2 and HuR and decreased levels of SIRT1 and catalase. A twenty-four hr exposure to 50 μM crocetin pre- and post-IR significantly reduced testis injury and modulated the response to DNA damage and oxidative stress. Nevertheless, crocetin treatment did not counteract the radiation-induced changes in the expression of SIRT1, p62 and LC3II. These results increase the knowledge of mechanisms underlying radiation damage in pubertal testis and establish the use of crocetin as a fertoprotective agent against IR deleterious effects in pubertal period.

scholarly journals Protein Transduction Domains Fused to Virus Receptors Improve Cellular Virus Uptake and Enhance Oncolysis by Tumor-Specific Replicating Vectors

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (24) ◽  
pp. 13743-13754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Kühnel ◽  
Bernd Schulte ◽  
Thomas Wirth ◽  
Norman Woller ◽  
Sonja Schäfers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Protein Transduction ◽  
Virus Binding ◽  
Adenoviral Infection ◽  
Protein Transduction Domains ◽  
Oncolytic Therapy ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Transactivator Of Transcription ◽  
Adenovirus Receptor

ABSTRACT Expression of cellular receptors determines viral tropism and limits gene delivery by viral vectors. Protein transduction domains (PTDs) have been shown to deliver proteins, antisense oligonucleotides, liposomes, or plasmid DNA into cells. In our study, we investigated the role of several PTD motifs in adenoviral infection. When physiologically expressed, a PTD from human immunodeficiency virus transactivator of transcription (Tat) did not improve adenoviral infection. We therefore fused PTDs to the ectodomain of the coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (CARex) to attach PTDs to adenoviral fiber knobs. CARex-Tat and CARex-VP22 allowed efficient adenoviral infection in nonpermissive cells and significantly improved viral uptake rates in permissive cells. Dose-dependent competition of CARex-PTD-mediated infection using CARex and inhibition experiments with heparin showed that binding of CARex-PTD to both adenoviral fiber and cellular glycosaminoglycans is essential for the improvement of infection. CARex-PTD-treated adenoviruses retained their properties after density gradient ultracentrifugation, indicating stable binding of CARex-PTD to adenoviral particles. Consequently, the mechanism of CARex-PTD-mediated infection involves coating of the viral fiber knobs by CARex-PTD, rather than placement of CARex domains on cell surfaces. Expression of CARex-PTDs led to enhanced lysis of permissive and nonpermissive tumor cells by replicating adenoviruses, indicating that CARex-PTDs are valuable tools to improve the efficacy of oncolytic therapy. Together, our study shows that CARex-PTDs facilitate gene transfer in nonpermissive cells and improve viral uptake at reduced titers and infection times. The data suggest that PTDs fused to virus binding receptors may be a valuable tool to overcome natural tropism of vectors and could be of great interest for gene therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Enhanced skin penetration of P20 phosphopeptide using protein transduction domains

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana B. Lopes ◽  
Elizabeth Furnish ◽  
Padmini Komalavilas ◽  
Brandon L. Seal ◽  
Alyssa Panitch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Protein Transduction ◽  
Protein Transduction Domains

Taking the Cell by Stealth or Storm? Protein Transduction Domains (PTDs) as Versatile Vectors for Delivery

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 879-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie A. Bogoyevitch ◽  
Tulene S. Kendrick ◽  
Dominic C.H. Ng ◽  
Renae K. Barr
Keyword(s):  
Protein Transduction ◽  
Protein Transduction Domains

scholarly journals A ubiquitin-based assay for the cytosolic uptake of protein transduction domains

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Loison ◽  
Philippe Nizard ◽  
Tony Sourisseau ◽  
Pascale Le Goff ◽  
Laure Debure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Transduction ◽  
Protein Transduction Domains

scholarly journals Comparative study on transduction and toxicity of protein transduction domains

2008 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Sugita ◽  
T Yoshikawa ◽  
Y Mukai ◽  
N Yamanada ◽  
S Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Protein Transduction ◽  
Protein Transduction Domains

scholarly journals A critical analysis of the biological impacts of plasticizers on wildlife

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1526) ◽  
pp. 2047-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Oehlmann ◽  
Ulrike Schulte-Oehlmann ◽  
Werner Kloas ◽  
Oana Jagnytsch ◽  
Ilka Lutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Dibutyl Phthalate ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Diethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Biological Impacts ◽  
Wildlife Populations ◽  
Disruption Effect

This review provides a critical analysis of the biological effects of the most widely used plasticizers, including dibutyl phthalate, diethylhexyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate and bisphenol A (BPA), on wildlife, with a focus on annelids (both aquatic and terrestrial), molluscs, crustaceans, insects, fish and amphibians. Moreover, the paper provides novel data on the biological effects of some of these plasticizers in invertebrates, fish and amphibians. Phthalates and BPA have been shown to affect reproduction in all studied animal groups, to impair development in crustaceans and amphibians and to induce genetic aberrations. Molluscs, crustaceans and amphibians appear to be especially sensitive to these compounds, and biological effects are observed at environmentally relevant exposures in the low ng l −1 to µg l −1 range. In contrast, most effects in fish (except for disturbance in spermatogenesis) occur at higher concentrations. Most plasticizers appear to act by interfering with the functioning of various hormone systems, but some phthalates have wider pathways of disruption. Effect concentrations of plasticizers in laboratory experiments coincide with measured environmental concentrations, and thus there is a very real potential for effects of these chemicals on some wildlife populations. The most striking gaps in our current knowledge on the impacts of plasticizers on wildlife are the lack of data for long-term exposures to environmentally relevant concentrations and their ecotoxicity when part of complex mixtures. Furthermore, the hazard of plasticizers has been investigated in annelids, molluscs and arthropods only, and given the sensitivity of some invertebrates, effects assessments are warranted in other invertebrate phyla.

scholarly journals Antibody Mediated Transduction of Therapeutic Proteins into Living Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 782-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Hansen ◽  
Richard H. Weisbart ◽  
Robert N. Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Proteins ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Antibody Fragment ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Protein Transduction ◽  
Protein Therapy ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Protein Transduction Domains

Protein therapy refers to the direct delivery of therapeutic proteins to cells and tissues with the goal of ameliorating or modifying a disease process. Current techniques for delivering proteins across cell membranes include taking advantage of receptor-mediated endocytosis or using protein transduction domains that penetrate directly into cells. The most commonly used protein transduction domains are small cell-penetrating peptides derived from such proteins as the HIV-1 Tat protein. A novel protein transduction domain developed as the single chain fragment (Fv) of a murine anti-DNA autoantibody, mAb 3E10, has recently been developed and used to deliver biologically active proteins to living cellsin vitro. This review will provide a brief overview of the development of the Fv fragment and provide a summary of recent studies using Fv to deliver therapeutic peptides and proteins (such as a C-terminal p53 peptide, C-terminal p53 antibody fragment, full-length p53, and micro-dystrophin) to cells.

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